TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis最新文献

{"title":"TH Open Continues to Highlight the State-of-the-Art on Thrombosis and Hemostasis with a Renewed Editorial Board","authors":"R. Koenen","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1785515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1785515","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"220 ","pages":"e175 - e176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Urgent Bleeding in Patients with Hemophilia A: Focus on the Use of Emicizumab","authors":"V. Jiménez-Yuste, M. Álvarez‐Román, R. Berrueco, S. Bonanad, José M Calvo-Villas, Rebeca González-González, José R González Porras, Ramiro J Núñez-Vázquez, M. Rodríguez-López","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1785525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1785525","url":null,"abstract":"Management of patients with hemophilia A (HA) requires the knowledge and experience of specialized health care professionals. However, these patients may need to be attended in emergencies, outside the referral hospital, where health care professionals do not know about hemophilia and/or new innovative treatments. This study aimed to develop a simple and practical algorithm that could be used in emergency situations by nonspecialized treaters in HA and bleeding with or without factor VIII (FVIII) inhibitors under emicizumab prophylaxis. A group of experts agreed on a simple algorithm, easy to operate, adapted from previous international guidelines, and based on their clinical experience. The proposed algorithm starts with identifying the patient, confirming the diagnosis of HA, prophylaxis with emicizumab, and/or use of other treatments. After stabilizing the patient and stratifying the bleeding risk, the patient is managed according to the presence/absence of FVIII inhibitors. Patients without FVIII inhibitors should receive FVIII concentrate. Dose and follow-up depend on bleeding localization and severity. Patients with FVIII inhibitors should preferably receive recombinant activated factor VII as bypass agent. A basic coagulation assay, FVIII assessment, and FVIII inhibitors detection assays are necessary in an emergency. However, these tests should be interpreted with caution and appropriately chosen, as emicizumab may alter the results. The management of patients with HA is challenging in emergency situations, especially if they are treated with new agents. Nonspecialized in coagulopathies health care professionals have limited understanding of the disease, highlighting the need for an algorithm to assist them in making informed decisions.","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"50 2","pages":"e194 - e201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140786372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease Burden, Clinical Outcomes, and Quality of Life in People with Hemophilia A without Inhibitors in Europe: Analyses from CHESS II/CHESS PAEDs","authors":"P. Chowdary, Richard Ofori-Asenso, Francis Nissen, Enrico F Grazzi, M. Aizenas, Katya Moreno, T. Burke, Beatrice Nolan, Jamie O'Hara, Kate Khair","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1785524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1785524","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction  Limited data relating to treatment burden, quality of life, and mental health burden of hemophilia A (HA) are currently available. Aim  To provide a comprehensive overview of unmet needs in people with HA (PwHA) using data generated from the Cost of Haemophilia in Europe: a Socioeconomic Survey-II (CHESS II) and CHESS in the pediatric population (CHESS PAEDs) studies. Methods  CHESS II and CHESS PAEDs are cross-sectional surveys of European males with HA or hemophilia B (HB) aged ≥18 and ≤17 years, respectively. Participants with FVIII inhibitors, mild HA, or HB were excluded from this analysis, plus those aged 18 to 19 years. Annualized bleeding rates (ABRs), target joints, and other patient-reported outcomes were evaluated. Results  Overall, 468 and 691 PwHA with available data for the outcomes of interest were stratified by hemophilia severity and treatment regimen in CHESS II and CHESS PAEDs, respectively. In these studies, 173 (37.0%) and 468 (67.7%) participants received FVIII prophylaxis, respectively; no participants received the FVIII mimetic emicizumab or gene therapy. ABRs of 2.38 to 4.88 were reported across disease severity and treatment subgroups in both studies. Target joints were present in 35.7 and 16.6% of participants in CHESS II and CHESS PAEDS; 43.8 and 23.0% had problem joints. Chronic pain was reported by a large proportion of PwHA (73.9% in CHESS II; 58.8% in CHESS PAEDs). Participants also reported low EQ-5D scores (compared with people without HA), anxiety, depression, and negative impacts on their lifestyles due to HA. Conclusions  These analyses suggest significant physical, social, and mental burdens of HA, irrespective of disease severity. Optimization of prophylactic treatment could help reduce the burden of HA on patients.","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"517 5","pages":"e181 - e193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Rituximab on Antiphospholipid Titers in Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome.","authors":"Kimberley Youkhana, Hilary Heiling, Allison Deal, Stephan Moll","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770784","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1770784","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e191-e194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10322224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9802479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.","authors":"Kashyap Patel, Omaike Sikder, Nikhil Nair, Sean Wasserman, John W Eikelboom","doi":"10.1055/a-2110-5884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2110-5884","url":null,"abstract":"Not applicable (letter)","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e226-e228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10368489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9880244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of Fibrinogen Variants Are Altered in Severe COVID-19.","authors":"Judith J de Vries,&nbsp;Chantal Visser,&nbsp;Maureen van Ommen,&nbsp;Casper Rokx,&nbsp;Els van Nood,&nbsp;Eric C M van Gorp,&nbsp;Marco Goeijenbier,&nbsp;Johannes P C van den Akker,&nbsp;Henrik Endeman,&nbsp;Dingeman C Rijken,&nbsp;Marieke J H A Kruip,&nbsp;Miranda Weggeman,&nbsp;Jaap Koopman,&nbsp;Moniek P M de Maat","doi":"10.1055/a-2102-4521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2102-4521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Fibrinogen variants as a result of alternative messenger RNA splicing or protein degradation can affect fibrin(ogen) functions. The levels of these variants might be altered during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), potentially affecting disease severity or the thrombosis risk. <b>Aim</b>  To investigate the levels of fibrinogen variants in plasma of patients with COVID-19. <b>Methods</b>  In this case-control study, we measured levels of functional fibrinogen using the Clauss assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure antigen levels of total, intact (nondegraded Aα chain), extended Aα chain (α _E ), and γ' fibrinogen in healthy controls, patients with pneumococcal infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), ward patients with COVID-19, and ICU patients with COVID-19 (with and without thrombosis, two time points). <b>Results</b>  Healthy controls and ward patients with COVID-19 ( <i>n</i>  = 10) showed similar fibrinogen (variant) levels. ICU patients with COVID-19 who later did ( <i>n</i>  = 19) or did not develop thrombosis ( <i>n</i>  = 18) and ICU patients with pneumococcal infection ( <i>n</i>  = 6) had higher absolute levels of functional, total, intact, and α _E fibrinogen than healthy controls ( <i>n</i>  = 7). The relative α _E fibrinogen levels were higher in ICU patients with COVID-19 than in healthy controls, while relative γ' fibrinogen levels were lower. After diagnosis of thrombosis, only the functional fibrinogen levels were higher in ICU patients with COVID-19 and thrombosis than in those without, while no differences were observed in the other fibrinogen variants. <b>Conclusion</b>  Our results show that severe COVID-19 is associated with increased levels of α _E fibrinogen and decreased relative levels of γ' fibrinogen, which may be a cause or consequence of severe disease, but this is not associated with the development of thrombosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e217-e225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10370639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9884006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rivaroxaban versus Apixaban for Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism in Patients at Lower Risk of Bleeding.","authors":"Kimberly Snow Caroti,&nbsp;Cecilia Becattini,&nbsp;Marc Carrier,&nbsp;Alexander T Cohen,&nbsp;Anders Ekbom,&nbsp;Alok A Khorana,&nbsp;Agnes Y Y Lee,&nbsp;Christopher Brescia,&nbsp;Khaled Abdelgawwad,&nbsp;George Psaroudakis,&nbsp;Marcela Rivera,&nbsp;Bernhard Schaefer,&nbsp;Gunnar Brobert,&nbsp;Craig I Coleman","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study, utilizing U.S. electronic health record (EHR) data from January 2013 to December 2020, sought to assess whether rivaroxaban and apixaban had similar effectiveness and safety in the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with a cancer type not associated with a high risk of bleeding. We included adults diagnosed with active cancer, excluding esophageal, gastric, unresected colorectal, bladder, noncerebral central nervous system cancers and leukemia, who experienced VTE and received a therapeutic VTE dose of rivaroxaban or apixaban on day 7 post-VTE, and were active in the EHR ≥12 months prior to the VTE. Primary outcome was the composite of recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization at 3 months. Secondary outcomes included recurrent VTE, any bleed resulting in hospitalization, any critical organ bleed, and composites of these outcomes at 3 and 6 months. Inverse probability of treatment-weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We included 1,344 apixaban and 1,093 rivaroxaban patients. At 3 months, rivaroxaban was found to have similar hazard to apixaban for developing recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.60-1.27). No differences were observed between cohorts for this outcome at 6 months (HR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.71-1.40) or for any other outcome at 3 or 6 months. In conclusion, patients receiving rivaroxaban or apixaban showed similar risks of the composite of recurrent VTE or any bleed resulting in hospitalization in patients with cancer-associated VTE. This study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT05461807. <b>Key Points</b> Rivaroxaban and apixaban have similar effectiveness and safety for treatment of cancer-associated VTE through 6 months.Clinicians should therefore consider patient preference and adherence when choosing the optimal anticoagulant.</p>","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e206-e216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10332896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9870432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of PCC on Thrombin Generation among Patients on Factor Xa Inhibitors with Major Bleeding or Needing Urgent Surgery (GAUGE): Design and Rationale.","authors":"Joseph R Shaw,&nbsp;Ubabuko Unachukwu,&nbsp;Joseph Cyr,&nbsp;Deborah M Siegal,&nbsp;Lana A Castellucci,&nbsp;Patrick Van Dreden,&nbsp;Dar Dowlatshahi,&nbsp;Hakan Buyukdere,&nbsp;Timothy Ramsay,&nbsp;Marc Carrier","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1771300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1771300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Direct factor Xa inhibitors (FXaIs) account for most oral anticoagulant use and FXaI-associated bleeding events are common. Clinicians have variable national and regional access to specific FXaI reversal agents such as andexanet alfa. Many centers have adopted the use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) as hemostatic therapy for FXaI-associated major bleeding events. PCC does not impact circulating FXaI levels and its mechanism of action to achieve hemostasis in FXaI-associated bleeding is uncertain. While PCC increases quantitative thrombin generation assay (TGA) parameters, it does not correct FXaI-altered thrombin generation kinetics, nor does it normalize thrombin generation. Clinical data supporting the use of PCC are based on cohort studies reporting clinical hemostatic efficacy, which is difficult to measure. The benefits of PCC for FXaI-associated bleeding beyond supportive care are uncertain. <b>Objective</b>  GAUGE is a prospective observational study designed to measure the effects of four-factor PCC administration (Octaplex) on TGA parameters among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding or needing urgent surgery. <b>Methods</b>  Laboratory outcomes will include the mean paired change in TGA parameters from pre- to post-PCC administration and the proportion of participants whose post-PCC TGA values fall within a defined reference range. Clinical outcomes will include hemostatic efficacy, thromboembolic complications, and all-cause death at 30 days post-PCC. <b>Conclusion</b>  Development of a viable and universally accessible FXaI bleed management strategy is crucial. GAUGE will provide in vivo data on the effects of PCC among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e229-e240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/38/9c/10-1055-s-0043-1771300.PMC10368490.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9882804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Anti-Emicizumab Antibodies Using Repository Samples Obtained in Clinical Studies of Emicizumab Conducted in Japan.","authors":"Naoki Matsumoto,&nbsp;Hiroto Abe,&nbsp;Ryohei Kawasaki,&nbsp;Yoshihito Tashiro,&nbsp;Mariko Noguchi-Sasaki,&nbsp;Suguru Harada,&nbsp;Koichiro Yoneyama,&nbsp;Tomomi Niino,&nbsp;Tetsuhiro Soeda,&nbsp;Yasushi Yoshimura","doi":"10.1055/a-2122-7887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2122-7887","url":null,"abstract":"Emicizumab, a factor (F) VIII function-mimetic bispecific antibody, is used for the treatment with patients with hemophilia A (PwHA). Although the immunogenicity of emicizumab is low, potential of immunogenicity is still remained. Despite some cases of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) reported, the characteristics of ADAs have not been fully elucidated. In this research, we evaluated the characteristics of ADAs by using repository samples collected in phase 1, phase 1/2 and bioavailability studies conducted in Japan. Ten plasma/serum samples from 6 healthy volunteers (HVs) and 4 PwHA who tested positive for ADAs in the clinical studies were used for the assessment of neutralizing activity, epitope analysis and pharmacokinetics (PK). Neutralizing activity of ADAs was observed in 3 HVs and 1 PwHA. Among these, 3 HVs developed ADAs which bound to the complement-determining region (CDR)1, 3 of the common light chain (cLC) of emicizumab and associated with shorter half-life. Epitopes of ADAs in 1 PwHA were on the Fab-regions of emicizumab, and the ADAs were not associated with decreased exposure in this PwHA. Neutralizing activity was undetectable in 3 HVs and 3 PwHA. Among these, ADAs in 2 HVs and 2 PwHA recognized the Fab-regions or the CDR 1, 3 of the cLC, and 1 of these 2 HVs showed shorter half-life of emicizumab. In conclusion, our analysis of ADAs demonstrated the various characteristics of ADAs, such as ADAs with either neutralizing activity or affected pharmacokinetics, or both properties.","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e241-e243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/8c/10-1055-a-2122-7887.PMC10462426.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10494061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Combination of Ex Vivo and In Vivo Strategies for Evaluating How Much New Oral Anticoagulants Exacerbate Experimental Intracerebral Bleeding.","authors":"Juliana R P Ferreira,&nbsp;Isabela D Sucupira,&nbsp;Gabriella M C Carvalho,&nbsp;Fernando F Paiva,&nbsp;Pedro M Pimentel-Coelho,&nbsp;Paulo H Rosado-de-Castro,&nbsp;Paulo A S Mourão,&nbsp;Roberto J C Fonseca","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1770782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Intracerebral hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy but the effects of different types of oral anticoagulants on the expansion of these hemorrhages are still unclear. Clinical studies have revealed controversial results; more robust and long-term clinical evaluations are necessary to define their outcomes. An alternative is to test the effect of these drugs in experimental models of intracerebral bleeding induced in animals. <b>Aims</b>  To test new oral anticoagulants (dabigatran etexilate, rivaroxaban, and apixaban) in an experimental model of intracerebral hemorrhage induced by collagenase injection into the brain striatum of rats. Warfarin was used for comparison. <b>Methods</b>  Ex vivo anticoagulant assays and an experimental model of venous thrombosis were employed to determine the doses and periods of time required for the anticoagulants to achieve their maximum effects. Subsequently, volumes of brain hematoma were evaluated after administration of the anticoagulants, using these same parameters. Volumes of brain hematoma were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging, H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining, and Evans blue extravasation. Neuromotor function was assessed by the elevated body swing test. <b>Results and Conclusions</b>  The new oral anticoagulants did not increase intracranial bleeding compared with control animals, while warfarin markedly favored expansion of the hematomas, as revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and H&E staining. Dabigatran etexilate caused a modest but statistically significant increase in Evans blue extravasation. We did not observe significant differences in elevated body swing tests among the experimental groups. The new oral anticoagulants may provide a better control over a brain hemorrhage than warfarin.</p>","PeriodicalId":22238,"journal":{"name":"TH Open: Companion Journal to Thrombosis and Haemostasis","volume":"7 3","pages":"e195-e205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10332909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10191713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}