{"title":"(N-1) contingency planning in radial distribution networks using genetic algorithms","authors":"A. Mendes, N. Boland, P. Guiney, C. Riveros","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762896","url":null,"abstract":"(N-1) contingency planning has been object of study in the area of distribution networks of several decades. Energy distribution companies have to reconnect areas affected by an outage within a very short time, and observe operational constraints, to avoid the possibility of severe financial penalties by regulatory bodies. Distribution networks are often operated with a radial topology, but, ideally, should have more than one route to deliver energy to any node of the network. Switches in the network are opened to create the radial topology used in normal operation, and, in the case of an outage, alternate routes are activated by opening or closing switches located at specific points of the network. Given an outage situation (in our case represented by te disconnection of a single branch), the choice of which switches should change their state is a combinatorial optimisation problem, with a search space of 2k, where k is the number of switches. Because of the exponential complexity, exact methods are prohibitively time-consuming. This work presents a genetic algorithm that provides a rapid answer to network managers in terms of a switching strategy to reconnect the affected area. The method takes into account the radial topology of the power flow and the operational limits of voltage and cable load. Computational tests were conducted on a real network with 96 buses and 16 switches, located within the operational area of Energy Australia. This paper describes the genetic algorithm in detail, presents thorough computational tests, and a complete contingency plan for the test network.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133009425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliano C. Miranda, Ulisses Chemin Netto, D. Coury, M. Oleskovicz, Edmar Candeia Gurjão, N. Brito, B. A. Souza
{"title":"Bay control using commercial digital relays via IEC 61850","authors":"Juliano C. Miranda, Ulisses Chemin Netto, D. Coury, M. Oleskovicz, Edmar Candeia Gurjão, N. Brito, B. A. Souza","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762935","url":null,"abstract":"This work illustrates the development and application of a complete scheme for control, supervision and interlocking of a substation bay. This solution utilizes commercial digital relays for a local bay control using copper wiring, as well as the IEC 61850 in a communication network. From the result tests, one can observe the reliability of the implemented logic using IEC 61850. From the developed application, it can be seen that the use of the process bus is very beneficial because it replaces the functional circuit, implying in a considerable reduction of the electrical connections involved. Another aspect shown in the paper is a critical view concerning the comparison of using copper wiring and IEC 61850 for the bay control.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133357955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. S. Oliveira, L. S. Barros, L. G. D. Q. Silveira Júnior
{"title":"Genetic algorithm applied to state feedback control design","authors":"P. S. Oliveira, L. S. Barros, L. G. D. Q. Silveira Júnior","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762925","url":null,"abstract":"Control design to MIMO systems requires the state space representation. In the state space, the control strategy is the states feedback and the most used techniques are the LQR and the LQG. In despite of the good results obtained from these methods, the control design is not a straightforward task due to the trial and error method involved in the definition of weight matrices. In such cases, may be hard tuning the controller parameters in order to obtain the optimal behavior of the system. In this work, it proposes a states feedback technique in which there are no trial and error processes involved and the control design is carried out to fulfill specifications, for maximum overshoot and accommodation time. The proposed technique is based on the modification of the states transition matrix and uses genetic algorithms. The obtained results show that is possible to design controllers which fulfill design specifications.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133175424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vectorial control of a Voltage Source Converter","authors":"Carlos A. Hidalgo Mora, N. L. Diaz Aldana","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762958","url":null,"abstract":"The Voltage Source Converter (VSC) offers the possibility of full four quadrant operation and the total control active and reactive power with the minimal generation of harmonics with the SPWM technique. This paper presents the dq transformation of a VSC and its design of a vectorial control to regulate the DC voltage and reactive power in a rectifier station. Finally, the models and results are presented and tested by simulations using Matlab Simulink and its toolbox SimPowerSystems.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129002907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic modeling of wind farms with variable-speed direct-driven PMSG wind turbines","authors":"M. Molina, A. Sanchez, A. M. Rizzato Lede","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762979","url":null,"abstract":"A wind farm usually consists of a large number of wind turbine generators (WTGs) connected through an internal electrical network and operating simultaneously. In order to study the impact of a wind farm on the dynamics of the power system, a major issue is to develop adequate equivalent models that allow characterizing the dynamics of all individual WTGs. In this sense, with the advance of power electronics, direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) have drawn increased interest to wind turbine manufacturers due to its advantages over other variable-speed WTGs. This paper presents a comprehensive dynamic equivalent model of a wind farm with direct-driven PMSG wind turbines and its control scheme. The proposed simplified modeling is developed using the state-space averaging technique and is implemented in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The dynamic performance of the wind farm and its impact on the power system operation is fully evaluated using the phasor simulation method.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122863498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of probability functions related to short circuit random variables using power quality meters","authors":"V. Vega-Garcia, J. C. Cebrian, N. Kagan","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762962","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with a methodology to obtain the probability functions related to variables involved in the short circuits in power systems, namely impedance, location, duration and type of fault. This information is obtained from real measurements taken from power quality monitors in distribution substations. The proposed methodology makes use of a fault location algorithm (FLA) in radial networks, which deals with the waveforms acquired whenever a behavior alteration is detected. In this case an event is generated to obtain: i) the voltage and currents waveform prior and during the fault, ii) the type of fault and iii) the fault duration. The FLA uses voltage and current values to obtain the possible fault location and impedance. Different events in a real distribution network are evaluated during the monitoring period, which allows for the evaluation of probability functions for each studied variable, thus showing the adequate statistic parameters for short circuit and power quality studies.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"362 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124552477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative analysis of energy storage technologies to compensate wind power short-term fluctuations","authors":"G. Suvire, P. Mercado, L. Ontiveros","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762932","url":null,"abstract":"The incorporation of wind power generation is growing steadily, a fact that is making the utilities evaluate the various influencing aspects of wind power generation onto power systems. On the other hand, the breakthrough of new technologies in the field of electric energy storage makes possible its incorporation into power systems. The characteristics of these energy storages offer a great potential in the improvement of power quality in power systems. The purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of the new energy storage technologies. The study is carried out to select, according to the characteristics of the devices, the most appropriate one that allows mitigating problems on power quality introduced by wind power short-term fluctuations. This way, higher penetration levels of wind power in power systems would be allowed.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121391984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Crispino, L. Magrini, L. Ogiboski, S. Nicoli, N. J. Salles, E. D. C. Delvecchi, R. O. Milanese
{"title":"Multiplatform and multi-technology system for interpretation and analysis of protection tripping in distribution substations","authors":"F. Crispino, L. Magrini, L. Ogiboski, S. Nicoli, N. J. Salles, E. D. C. Delvecchi, R. O. Milanese","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762959","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the research and development results of a multi-technology and multi-platform system for the interpretation and analysis of the protection tripping in distribution substations. As part of the project it was developed a system for the analytical interpretation of the protection in order to generate tripping diagnosis of protection relays in power distribution substations. The system was designed to be suitable to different relays technologies (from electromechanical to digital), to different manufacturers and also to different communication protocols. The system get local information from the substation and data from protection relays, using a rule-based expert system (CLIPS). The purpose of the system is to analyze and interpret protection equipment tripping in a distribution substation. The system may be an important tool to assist in analyzing tripping protection events. It can provide diagnosis for proper parameterization of protection relays tripping curves. The system also recognize which function of the protection relay was activated as well as other characteristics such as the operating time, fault type with its currents, voltages and phases involved. The system may also analyze if the circuit breaker responded properly to trip commands. The laboratory results presented were obtained from different protection relays of different types, different manufacturers and different communication protocols. In addition, to simulate faults, it was used a relay testing equipment. The protection relays were arranged to simulate a feeder bay of a distribution substation, thus allowing the configuration of different power system faults for different types of relays.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116886817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Morales-España, J. Mora-Flórez, H. Vargas-Torres
{"title":"Fault location method based on the determination of the minimum fault reactance for uncertainty loaded and unbalanced power distribution systems","authors":"G. Morales-España, J. Mora-Flórez, H. Vargas-Torres","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762977","url":null,"abstract":"One of the widely recognized and most important aspects of power quality is related to power continuity. The fault location in power distribution systems is normally a not simple task, considering the complexity associated to these circuits due to several characteristics such as single end measurements, the presence of different conductors and line configurations, uncertain load distribution, presence of single phase laterals, system and load unbalances, among others.","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121832466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Cabral, T. Mustafa, H. Almaguer, T. Santos, C. V. Nascimento
{"title":"The role of the distribution transformer in the transference of voltage surges","authors":"S. Cabral, T. Mustafa, H. Almaguer, T. Santos, C. V. Nascimento","doi":"10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC-LA.2010.5762964","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution transformer is a very important equipment that allows the delivery of electricity with a high degree of capillarity. As a consequence, all of the conductors of a distribution network become a way for bringing into a transformer voltage surges, especially those yielded by lightning. These effects have been intensively studied along the last decade in attempt to clarify how a transformer allows transference of voltage surges as well as to understand what happens inside it. One of the most used methodologies for its analysis is based on its frequency response. Thus, the aim of this work is to analyze some of the most usual premises for experimental tests of frequency response, by discussing their applicability as well as its usefulness. An experimental case is presented","PeriodicalId":222318,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (T&D-LA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131389719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}