Targeted Oncology最新文献

{"title":"The Development of ATM Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Elizabeth A Ampolini, Judit Jimenez-Sainz, David T Long","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01136-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01136-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) protein kinase plays a critical role in activating the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks and promoting homology-directed repair. ATM is frequently mutated in cancer, contributing to an accumulation of DNA damage that drives genomic instability. To exploit cancer cells' inherent vulnerability to DNA damage, various small molecule inhibitors have been developed that target ATM. ATM inhibitors have shown great versatility in preclinical studies and increasing use in the clinic. Here, we review the development of ATM inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy. We describe their limitations and the advances that have led to increases in both the number and diversity of active clinical trials targeting ATM. We also discuss ATM's role in personalized medicine and the current challenges to more widespread use of ATM inhibitors in the clinic.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"281-297"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Second-Line Treatment Options for Patients with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Review of the Clinical Evidence.","authors":"José Ángel García-Saenz, Álvaro Rodríguez-Lescure, Josefina Cruz, Joan Albanell, Emilio Alba, Antonio Llombart","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01138-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01138-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933155/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Disease Behavior of Immune-Mediated Colitis Among Different Types of Immune Checkpoint Inhibition.","authors":"Malek Shatila, Farzin Eshaghi, Carolina Colli Cruz, Antonio Pizuorno Machado, Antony Mathew, Dan Zhao, Bilal A Siddiqui, Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas, Suresh T Chari, Yinghong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01135-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01135-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) enhance the immune response against cancer but can cause immune-related adverse events, with immune-mediated colitis (IMC) being among the most common.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated variations in gastrointestinal disease behavior and outcomes among patients receiving different ICI regimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective chart review included patients who received ICIs and developed IMC. Groups were categorized by their last ICI regimen before IMC onset into either programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 monotherapy or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) monotherapy/combination immunotherapy. Demographic and IMC-related clinical information was collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 414 patients included in this study: 169 treated with programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 monotherapy and 245 treated with CTLA-4 mono/combination therapy. Patients treated with CTLA-4 therapy had an earlier onset of IMC (median 46 days vs 123 days, p < 0.001). They were more likely to present with fever (p = 0.02), abdominal pain (p = 0.049), or hematochezia (p < 0.001). They also had more severe colitis with 47.3% of patients in the CTLA-4 group presenting with grade ≥3 colitis versus 20.2% in the programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 group (p < 0.05). On endoscopy, CTLA-4 mono/combination therapy was associated with increased ulcerative findings (24.4 vs 8.4%, p = 0.002). On histology, the programmed cell death protein-1/ligand-1 group was more likely to have microscopic colitis (13.9 vs 5.8%, p < 0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides insight into the effect of ICI type on IMC disease course. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 inhibition leads to an earlier and more severe IMC onset with distinct endoscopic and histologic features. Further research is needed to refine treatment algorithms and identify the mechanisms underlying the variability in IMC presentation among different ICI regimens.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"339-347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose Optimization of Elranatamab to Mitigate the Risk of Cytokine Release Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Mohamed Elmeliegy, Andrea Viqueira, Erik Vandendries, Anne Hickman, Umberto Conte, Donald Irby, Jennifer Hibma, Hoi-Kei Lon, Joseph Piscitelli, Pooneh Soltantabar, Athanasia Skoura, Sibo Jiang, Diane Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01134-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01134-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elranatamab is a BCMA-CD3 bispecific antibody approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Cytokine release syndrome is one of the most common adverse events associated with bispecific antibodies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the optimal elranatamab dosing regimen for mitigating cytokine release syndrome.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Safety, pharmacokinetics, and exposure-response were analyzed across four clinical studies (MagnetisMM-1, MagnetisMM-2, MagnetisMM-3, and MagnetisMM-9). Different priming regimens evaluated across these studies included a one-step-up dose priming regimen of 44 mg with or without premedication, a two-step-up dose priming regimen of 12 mg on day 1 and 32 mg on day 4 with premedication, and a two-step-up dose priming regimen of 4 mg on day 1 and 20 mg on day 4 with premedication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum elranatamab serum concentration on day 1 was positively associated with any-grade and grade ≥ 2 cytokine release syndrome. A slower time to maximum serum concentration and a lower dose-normalized maximum serum concentration were observed with subcutaneous versus intravenous administration, supporting subcutaneous dosing to help mitigate cytokine release syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Based on the incidence, severity, and predictable profile of cytokine release syndrome, the 12/32-mg priming-dose regimen with premedication was determined to be the optimal regimen before the first full dose of 76 mg on day 8.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT03269136, NCT04798586, NCT04649359, and NCT05014412.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"349-359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumour Mutational Burden and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Continuous Modelling Approach.","authors":"Michael J Sorich, Arkady T Manning-Bennett, Lee X Li, Adel Shahnam, Ganessan Kichenadasse, Christos S Karapetis, Ahmad Y Abuhelwa, Ross A McKinnon, Andrew Rowland, Ashley M Hopkins","doi":"10.1007/s11523-024-01124-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-024-01124-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumour mutational burden (TMB) is an established biomarker for patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The optimal TMB cut-off is uncertain. It is also uncertain whether there is a sharp TMB threshold or a more graduated change in clinical outcomes as TMB increases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the relationship between TMB and ICI treatment outcomes using alternative statistical approaches in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Tumour mutational burden was evaluated as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer utilising data from two real-world cohorts of ICI use (n = 968) and three randomised controlled trials evaluating ICIs (n = 1588). The non-linear relationship between continuous TMB and response/survival/efficacy outcomes was evaluated using statistical methods that do not require specifying a TMB cut-off.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Median TMB for all cohorts was seven mutations/megabase, excluding MYSTIC, where the median was 13 mutations/megabase. Progressively higher TMB was significantly associated with a progressively higher objective response rate and progression-free survival in ICI-treated patients in Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets [MSK-IMPACT] (objective response rate: p < 0.001, progression-free survival: p < 0.001), Strata Clinical Molecular Database [SCMD] (progression-free survival: p = 0.023) and OAK/POPLAR (objective response rate: p = 0.017, progression-free survival: p < 0.001) This relationship was not apparent for patients treated with chemotherapy. There was no obvious TMB threshold for ICI response. The relationship between TMB and overall survival was more complex and heterogeneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a single cut-off to analyse a continuous biomarker may hide important information. Methods that provide more nuance to the underlying relationship between TMB and outcomes enable readers to judge for themselves the value and limitations of TMB cut-offs proposed for clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"361-369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142955431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compassionate Access to Brigatinib for Patients with Non-small-cell Lung Cancer Harboring a ROS1 Rearrangement: Results from the BRIGAROS Study.","authors":"Jean Mourlanette, Gaelle Rousseau-Bussac, Siham Mallah, Florian Guisier, Gerard Zalcman, Rémi Veillon, Clarisse Audigier-Valette, Magali Roa, Isabelle Nicolle, Helene Doubre, Nicolas Cloarec, Régine Lamy, Hugues Morel, Hubert Curcio, Aurélie Lagrange, Roland Schott, Marielle Sabatini, Anne Claire Toffart, Julian Pinsolle, Jaafar Bennouna, Christos Chouaid, Julien Mazieres","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01131-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01131-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>ROS1 chromosomic rearrangement is a rare oncogenic driver, and patients with this rearrangement benefit from specific targeted treatments in the first-line setting. However, therapeutic options are limited in pretreated patients. Brigatinib is a validated drug for ALK rearrangements, and also has an in vitro activity against ROS1. In vivo efficacy is also suggested in some clinical series.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to specifically study brigatinib in patients with pretreated advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected data from 20 centers in France. Brigatinib was delivered through a compassionate use program in France between 2018 and 2020. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival. Secondary endpoints were the objective response rate, overall survival, and tolerance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five patients treated with brigatinib were included in our study. All patients were pretreated, and all of them previously received crizotinib. Median progression-free survival was 3.8 months (95% confidence interval 2.8-7.1). The objective response rate was 32%, with a disease control rate of 48%. Three patients had a prolonged response of more than 18 months at the end of data collection. We did not identify factors predictive of prolonged response. There were no grade 4 or 5 toxicities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brigatinib may represent an interesting therapeutic option for patients who have progressed after standard treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"311-317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buparlisib and Paclitaxel in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunogenomic Biomarkers of Efficacy from the BERIL-1 Study.","authors":"Antoine Desilets, Justin Lucas, Lisa F Licitra, Sunny Lu, Archie Tse, Tom Tang, Kevin Dreyer, Nanhai He, Lars E Birgerson, Sandrine Faivre, Denis Soulières","doi":"10.1007/s11523-024-01126-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-024-01126-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>BERIL-1 was a randomized phase 2 study that studied paclitaxel with either buparlisib, a pan-class I PIK3 inhibitor, or placebo in patients with recurrent or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC). Considering the therapeutic paradigm shift with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) now approved in the first-line setting, we present an updated immunogenomic analysis of patients enrolled in BERIL-1, including patients with immune-infiltrated tumors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify biomarkers predictive of treatment efficacy in the context of the post-ICI therapeutic landscape.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Genomic analyses were performed at baseline on tumor and/or plasma circulating DNA (ctDNA) samples, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) studies, including immune infiltration [tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CD8 expression], were performed on tumor samples. Immunogenomic biomarkers were correlated to overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 158 patients enrolled in BERIL-1, either tumor (53.2%; n = 84) or ctDNA samples (70.8%; n = 112) were available in 85.4% (n = 135). The most commonly mutated genes were TP53 (57.0%), NOTCH1 (23.7%), and PIK3CA (22.2%). In the IHC studies, 98.6% (n = 68/69) of patients were TILs positive in the buparlisib arm versus 94.4% (n = 68/72) in the placebo arm. In patients with TILs-positive tumors, enrichment for clinical benefit on the buparlisib arm was seen in those with PIK3 pathway activation [25.0% (n = 17/68)] with a hazard ratio (HR) for death of 0.43 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21-0.87, p = 0.016]. Similarly, improved OS was seen in patients on the buparlisib arm and NOTCH pathway activation [20.5% (n = 14/68)] with a HR for death of 0.40 (95% CI 0.18-0.90, p = 0.022). Both associations were absent in the placebo group. TP53 and tumor mutational burden (TMB) did not correlate with OS in the buparlisib or placebo arms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this immunogenomic analysis of BERIL-1, improved HRs for OS were seen in patients with tumor immune infiltration and selected oncogenic alterations, including PIK3 and NOTCH pathway activation (NCT01852292).</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"299-310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HER2 Pathway in Biliary Tract Cancer: A Snapshot of the Current Understanding and Future Directions.","authors":"Silvia Camera, Federico Rossari, Silvia Foti, Francesco Vitiello, Mara Persano, Federica Lo Prinzi, Francesco De Cobelli, Luca Aldrighetti, Stefano Cascinu, Margherita Rimini, Andrea Casadei-Gardini","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01132-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01132-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a wide class of malignancies with dismal prognosis. The therapeutic scenario of metastatic BTCs has profoundly changed during recent years. The combination of cisplatin-gemcitabine plus immunotherapy is currently the gold standard in the first line. The more extensive comprehension of the mechanisms at the basis of BTCs and the identification of several molecular alterations has led to the introduction of target-directed therapies in the second line and beyond that have expanded the therapeutic armamentarium alongside the standard FOLFOX regimen, and for the near future, the results of some trials with targeted therapies in first line are expected. HER2 represents a promising therapeutic target detected in BTCs, being overexpressed in approximately 15-20% of cases, with a strong predilection for gallbladder carcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, although a small proportion of HER2 overexpression can be detected even in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The efficacy and safety of different HER2 inhibitors have been investigated in several studies in the second line and beyond with encouraging results. This comprehensive review is intended to provide a summary of existing evidence and future perspectives on HER2 altered BTCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"269-280"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bosutinib for the Treatment of CML-Using it Safely: a Podcast.","authors":"Jeffrey H Lipton, Jorge E Cortes","doi":"10.1007/s11523-024-01123-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-024-01123-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bosutinib is a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved for use in patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), as well as Ph-positive CP, accelerated phase, or blast phase (with chemotherapy) CML resistant or intolerant to prior therapy. Clinical trials have shown bosutinib is effective as first-line therapy for patients with CML as well as in later lines of therapy after prior TKI failure. Bosutinib has an established safety profile; however, as with all TKIs approved for the treatment of CML, there are adverse events (AEs) that require management. The safety profile of bosutinib is characterized by gastrointestinal, hematological, hepatic, and skin toxicities. Many of these AEs can be managed with dose adjustment strategies. In this podcast, the authors summarize data from some recent bosutinib publications and discuss implications for optimizing bosutinib treatment of patients with CML. Podcast Video (MP4 210846 KB).</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"183-189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11933168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143012179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Checkpoint Inhibition Prior to Stem Cell Transplantation Increases the Risk of Inflammatory Adverse Events.","authors":"Malek Shatila, Antonio Pizuorno Machado, Jay Shah, Andres Urias Rivera, Sidra Naz, Stephen Glombicki, Sharada Wali, Eric Lu, Nicholas Short, Anusha Thomas, Hao Chi Zhang, Yinghong Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11523-025-01127-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11523-025-01127-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stem cell transplantation (SCT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are both used in the treatment of hematological malignancies. There may be an overlap in patient exposure to both treatments. Theoretically, ICIs potentiate the graft-versus-tumor effect following SCT but may increase the risk of inflammatory adverse events (AEs). Conversely, immunosuppression following SCT may decrease the risk of immune-mediated AEs.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to explore the effect of immunotherapy on the risk and severity of inflammatory AEs following SCT.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We performed a single-center, retrospective chart review that included all patients with a hematological malignancy treated with immunotherapy and who received SCT. Patients who did not receive immunosuppressive regimens after their transplant (e.g., autologous transplants) were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups based on ICI timing: pre-SCT ICI (group 1) and post-SCT ICI (group 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 63 patients were included. Around 82% of patients in group 1 experienced a post-transplant AE compared with 50% in group 2 (p = 0.014). These AEs occurred earlier in group 1 patients (median 57 days in group 1 versus 195 in group 2; p = 0.007). Roughly 80% of the inflammatory conditions involved the gastrointestinal system. Severity and complication rates did not differ between groups, but gastrointestinal inflammation in group 1 was more likely to require immunosuppressive medication (75.7% and 37.8% requiring corticosteroids and selective immunosuppressive therapy, respectively, in group 1 patients versus 33.3% and 0% in group 2 patients; p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, our study is one of few exploring the impact of ICI timing in relation to SCT on the risk of post-SCT inflammatory AEs. Administration of immunotherapy prior to SCT may predispose patients to inflammatory AEs after SCT, which may occur earlier and last longer than if ICIs are started after SCT. Future studies are needed to further explore this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":22195,"journal":{"name":"Targeted Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"329-337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}