Sexual health最新文献

{"title":"Untransmittable but unequal? Sexual wellbeing disparities in the context of PrEP and U=U.","authors":"Thomas Norman, G J Melendez-Torres, Dean Murphy, Adam Bourne, Donna Sombrea, Jennifer Power","doi":"10.1071/SH25159","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biomedical prevention technologies, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis, treatment as prevention and the principle of Undetectable = Untransmittable, have transformed HIV care and opened new possibilities for enhancing the sexual wellbeing of people living with HIV. Yet, the psychosocial and relational benefits of these tools, particularly their impact on sexual wellbeing, remain underexplored, especially across diverse subpopulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 669 people living with HIV participating in a large-scale survey of people living with HIV in Australia, this study developed the Sexual Wellbeing through Biomedical Prevention scale, a five-item measure assessing sexual wellbeing (e.g. confidence, enjoyment) in the context of biomedical HIV prevention (score range 0-20; higher scores = greater wellbeing). ANOVA tests examined differences in Sexual Wellbeing through Biomedical Prevention scores across demographic, relational, psychosocial and health-related variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exploratory factor analysis supported a single-factor structure. The mean Sexual Wellbeing through Biomedical Prevention score was moderate overall (M = 13.0), but varied significantly by gender, sexuality, relationship status, partner pre-exposure prophylaxis use, stigma and quality of life. Gay/queer men reported markedly higher scores than women and heterosexual participants. Higher scores were associated with partner pre-exposure prophylaxis use, reduced fear of transmission, and better self-reported health and quality of life. Participants who reported 'always' experiencing HIV-related stigma had significantly lower mean scores.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Biomedical advances have improved virological outcomes, but their sexual wellbeing benefits appear unevenly distributed. Targeted interventions that address stigma, strengthen HIV literacy and support sexual confidence, particularly among women and heterosexual people living with HIV, are essential to realising the full potential of biomedical prevention and advancing equity in wellbeing.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and temporal sequence of five major sexually transmitted infections among individuals with HIV in Jiading, Shanghai, China.","authors":"Yong Zhang, Huixian Zeng, Fanglan Yin, Peisong Zhong, Weibing Wang, Sicheng Jin, Yingying Ding","doi":"10.1071/SH25141","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and temporal patterns of five major sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among individuals with HIV in Jiading, Shanghai, China, from 2009 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on HIV and the five targeted STIs, including Treponema pallidum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, condyloma acuminatum (HPV), genital herpes (HSV) and genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models were used to describe temporal patterns and identify associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1337 individuals with HIV, 24.8% (n = 367) had at least one STI diagnosis. T. pallidum was the most prevalent (63.5%), followed by HPV (20.4%), N. gonorrhoeae (9.3%), C. trachomatis (4.9%) and HSV (1.9%). Simultaneous HIV and STI diagnoses accounted for 41.1% of cases, and STI before HIV accounted for 39.8%. In multivariable analysis, homosexual transmission was associated with higher odds of STI diagnosis compared with heterosexual transmission (aOR 1.55; 95% CI: 1.11-2.17). Individuals diagnosed in hospitals also had higher odds of STI detection than those diagnosed in voluntary counseling and testing clinics (aOR 2.00; 95% CI: 1.49-2.68).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Syphilis and HPV are highly prevalent among individuals with HIV, and frequently occur before or concurrently with HIV diagnosis. Low detection rates of N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis and HSV likely reflect asymptomatic infections and underscreening. These findings underscore the need for routine and integrated HIV and STI screening, as well as targeted prevention strategies to reduce the syndemic burden of HIV and STIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is successful sexual aging culture-specific? A network analytic assessment in four countries.","authors":"Aleksandar Štulhofer, Azra Tafro, Srebrenka Letina, Yuko Higashi, Laura Pietras, Ana A Carvalheira, Mayu Koike, Kyoko Yamanaka, Yumiko Nakahara, Ivan Landripet, Goran Koletić","doi":"10.1071/SH25095","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the findings that older adults in post-industrial countries value sexual vitality and sexual expression more than previous generations, cross-cultural research in positive sexual aging has been very limited. Building on a new (non-normative) process-based concept, the Successful Sexual Aging Model, and its recent three-dimensional operationalization, the current study aimed to provide systematic evidence about cultural differences in positive sexual aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from four countries - Croatia (n = 201), Germany (n = 895), Portugal (n = 191) and Japan (n = 391) - collected from older partnered individuals aged ≥65 years in quota-based national online panels (the Portuguese convenience-based community sample was an exception), we used a novel social network analytic approach to assess similarities and differences in the structure of successful sexual aging (SSA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the basic composition of SSA was confirmed across the countries, most structural links connecting the three psychosocial processes (acceptance, adaptation and opportunities) that were proposed to underlie SSA were culture specific. Emerging patterns of differences did not indicate a marked distinctiveness of SSA in Japan, when compared with the European countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings represent an initial step toward exploring cultural differences in positive sexual aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147692216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of drought and flooding, resource insecurity, and sexual health among youth in Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya: qualitative multi-method findings.","authors":"Carmen H Logie, Andie MacNeil, Aryssa Hasham, Julia Kagunda, Humphres Evelia, Clara Gachoki, Beldine Omondi, Mercy Wanjiru, Sarah Van Borek, Lesley Gittings, Manjulaa Narasimhan","doi":"10.1071/SH25161","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growing evidence identifies linkages between drought and flooding and poorer sexual health outcomes, yet adolescents and youth are understudied in this research. We aimed to explore the lived experiences of adolescents and youth regarding the associations between drought/flooding, resource insecurity, and sexual health in Mathare and Kisumu, Kenya.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a multi-method qualitative study in Mathare, an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, and Kisumu and adjacent fishing communities, with a purposive sample of youth aged 16-24 years. We conducted SenseMaker individual interviews with the web-based tool, followed by group-based digital storytelling workshops. We conducted framework thematic analysis guided by the resource insecurity framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SenseMaker participants included n = 20 youth (Kisumu: n = 10 women; Mathare: n = 5 women and n = 5 men), followed by four group-based digital storytelling workshops with 33 youth (Kisumu: n = 9 women; Mathare: n = 8 mothers, n = 8 men; n = 8 women). There were 42 unique participants. Participant narratives reflected the following themes: (1) drought and flooding exacerbate multiple resource insecurities (food, water, sanitation, menstruation); (2) increased resource insecurity-related transactional sex; (3) drought, flooding, and resource insecurities increase risks of sexual and gender-based violence; and (4) youth recommend structural- and community-level strategies for promoting sexual health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from a sample of youth in two climate-affected Kenyan settings identify complex pathways from drought and flooding to sexual health, particularly through resource insecurity, transactional sex, and sexual and gender-based violence. Findings can guide the integration of extreme weather and sexual health programming with youth to integrate economic empowerment and sexual and gender-based violence reduction to advance equity and rights.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of a single agar plate versus a bi-plate for culturing Neisseria gonorrhoeae.","authors":"Minh Thien Le, Christopher K Fairley, Kate Maddaford, Vesna De Petra, Deborah Williamson, Eric P F Chow, Tiffany R Phillips","doi":"10.1071/SH25096","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Culture remains essential for antimicrobial resistance profiling for gonorrhoea. However, the sensitivity of culture for gonorrhoea is low. This study aimed to compare positivity rates of culture for Neisseria gonorrhoeae using a gonococcus (GC) bi-plate containing selective and non-selective agar versus a single GC plate containing selective agar only, and assess the impact of clinician inoculation training and timing between a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) and culture on culture positivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between April and June 2021. Clients undergoing gonorrhoea testing provided samples for both NAAT and culture, with alternating use of GC bi-plates and single GC plates over 2-week intervals. Clinicians received training on inoculation techniques before the study. A retrospective analysis of culture positivity before training was also performed. Culture positivity was compared between plate types, pre- and post-training, and across different time gaps between NAAT and culture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 276 clients included, there was no difference in culture positivity between GC bi-plate and single plate across all anatomical sites (P = 0.439). Oropharyngeal culture had the lowest positivity rates (44.3% bi-plate vs 36.2% single plate, P = 0.382). There was no significant difference in culture positivity before and after training staff on inoculation technique (P = 0.782), nor if the cultures were performed 1-5 days between positive NAAT and culture compared with 6-14 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study found no significant difference between GC bi-plate and GC single plate in detecting N. gonorrhoeae. Inoculation training and delayed culture post-NAAT did not significantly impact culture positivity. Improving culture methods remains critical for antimicrobial resistance surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147983347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and inclusion at scientific conferences.","authors":"Rayner Kay Jin Tan, Ritu Jain, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Thomas Cai, Ogechukwu Benedicta Aribodor, Joseph D Tucker","doi":"10.1071/SH25034","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific conferences are important because they elevate researchers, provide an opportunity to meet leaders and funders, and build new collaborations. Conferences are particularly important for people who are often marginalized within scientific research related to gender, sexual identity, national origin, lived experience, and race/ethnicity. Nevertheless, many researchers who inhabit these marginalized identities or who are from low-resource settings face barriers to meaningfully participate in such scientific activities. As individuals who represent vulnerable patient groups (e.g. people living with HIV, people who use drugs, rare diseases, low-to-middle income country settings), and as academics who advocate for greater diversity and inclusivity, we believe that more remains to be done to ensure that scientific conferences remain equitable, represent diverse scientists and communities across all contexts, and are inclusive. This editorial reflects key issues that serve as barriers to diversity and inclusion at scientific conferences and proposes several solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social network analysis of geosocial networking among men who have sex with men in Zhuhai, China.","authors":"Yuxin Han, Fengshi Jing, Zeyu Luo, Xinyuan Zhang, Bolin Cao, Jiandong Zhou, Yi Zhou, Chaocheng He, Xin Sun, Weiming Tang, Yang Ye","doi":"10.1071/SH25264","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Social media platforms are important spaces for social and sexual networking among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, limited research has examined structural changes in MSM digital social networks or the contribution of different user roles in maintaining network connectivity. This study aims to investigate structural changes and user dynamics in an online MSM network to inform tailored digital public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We constructed directed social networks among MSM in Zhuhai, China, using large-scale Blued platform data collected in 2021 and 2024. Users were represented as nodes, and follow relationships were represented as directed edges. Key network metrics, including degree distribution, reciprocity, assortativity, community fragmentation and attribute-based homophily, were analysed to identify weak links and structurally important users.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included 9409 valid users in 2021 and 8890 in 2024. The network was significantly sparser and more fragmented, with edge density halving and 70.91% of detected communities containing only two users in 2024. Average degree dropped from 19.52 to 8.00, whereas degree assortativity decreased from -0.0580 to -0.1482, indicating increasing disassortative mixing. Despite reduced platform engagement, younger, versatile, and highly active boundary and common users remained important for sustaining inter-community connectivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>From 2021 to 2024, the MSM network on Blued became more fragmented, disassortative and heterogeneous. These changes may constrain health-message diffusion. Network-informed strategies targeting central and bridging users, while improving access for peripheral users, may enhance equitable information dissemination among MSM communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of an opt-out emergency department screening program for syphilis in North Queensland's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population.","authors":"Leah Moncrieff, Clare Heal, Leanne Hall, Luke Lawton, Jason J Ong","doi":"10.1071/SH25224","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of an emergency department (ED) syphilis screening program for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population (aged 15-40 years) presenting to a regional Australian ED, compared with no screening program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A decision tree model was developed using clinical data from a previous audit and outcome probabilities from the literature. We included direct financial costs from a healthcare provider perspective and outcomes measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, over a 40-year time horizon. Costs were derived from the Medicare Benefits Schedule, Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme, and hospital costs classified according to the Australian refined diagnosis-related groups. Both costs and outcomes were discounted by 5% per year. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated and subjected to sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>With a background syphilis prevalence of 0.68%, screening Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, aged 15-40 years, presenting to a regional ED compared with no screening was A$134,802 per QALY gained. The program becomes cost-effective (using a willingness-to-pay threshold of A$50,000) at a syphilis prevalence of 1.55%. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was most sensitive to probabilities of syphilis progression, syphilis prevalence and specificity of the initial screening test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ED syphilis screening program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples was not cost-effective with the current background rate of syphilis. However, similar screening programs in settings with a higher burden of syphilis may be cost-effective, and further refining the target population based on additional risk factors could help reduce costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to acute medical and forensic care for adolescents and adults who have experienced sexual assault: a systematic scoping review.","authors":"Jessica Rogers, Chloe Griffin, Jodie Bailie, Ellie Freedman, Mary Stewart, Natalie Edmiston","doi":"10.1071/SH25180","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People who have experienced sexual assault have both medical and forensic care needs; however, help-seeking rates after sexual assault are low. Levesque's conceptual framework of access conceptualises supply and demand-side factors potentially impacting help-seeking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review of access to acute medical and forensic care after sexual assault using Levesque's framework. The methodology was guided by the JBI guidelines for scoping reviews. Three databases (Embase, Medline and CINAHL) were searched for studies that included the population of adults and adolescents aged ≥14 years who had experienced sexual assault, the context of acute medical and forensic care, and the concept of access. Studies based in Australia, New Zealand, the UK and Ireland, published in English between 2015 and 1 February 2024 were included. Articles went through two screening stages and data extraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3801 studies underwent title and abstract screening, with 283 articles progressing to full text review. Data were extracted from 21 studies. Most studies were based in the UK, with some studies from Australia and Ireland. Some access domains were relatively well represented (such as approachability and appropriateness), whereas others did not have any representation (ability to pay and affordability). Key findings were reported for four domains: ability to perceive (one study), approachability (five studies), availability and accommodation (seven studies), and ability to reach (three studies).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Qualitative studies that focus on the patient perspective, and within Levesque's domains impacting perception of healthcare need and healthcare utilisation, are limited and warrant further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147964726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported vaccine uptake across six infectious diseases among gay, bisexual, transgender, and non-binary individuals in Australia: findings from a 2024 national survey.","authors":"Chen Wang, Fabian Y S Kong, Ei T Aung, Kate Maddaford, Sarah J Martin, Carole Khaw, Rick Varma, Caroline Thng, Manoji Gunathilake, Vincent J Cornelisse, Christopher K Fairley, Dash Heath-Paynter, Fergus McCabe, Catriona Ooi, Teralynn Ludwick, Ethan T Cardwell, Michael W Traeger, Catriona S Bradshaw, Phyu Mon Latt, Eric P F Chow","doi":"10.1071/SH25250","DOIUrl":"10.1071/SH25250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) and trans and gender diverse people (TGD) are disproportionately affected by several vaccine-preventable diseases. However, research on vaccine uptake for both sexually transmitted and non-sexually transmitted infections among GBMSM and TGD remains limited. Understanding differences in uptake between selective (e.g. hepatitis A; meningococcal; human papillomavirus; HPV; mpox) and universal (e.g. influenza, COVID-19) is important for informing future immunisation policy and strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We surveyed past vaccine uptake among GBMSM and TGD people living in Australia in July-November 2024. Participants were asked to self-report their vaccination status for the following six vaccines: COVID-19, influenza, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, HPV, meningococcal disease, and mpox. Vaccine uptake was calculated for each vaccine and stratified by age group, HIV status and PrEP use, gender, education, Medicare status, world region of birth, and jurisdiction of residence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age of the 2095 participants was 39 years (IQR: 31-50). The majority of the participants identified as cisgender men (94.7%). Overall, the COVID-19 vaccine had the highest uptake (97.5%), followed by hepatitis A/B (80.6%), influenza (72.8%), mpox (64.0%), HPV (35.9%), and meningococcal disease (30.3%). HIV-negative participants not using pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) had lower vaccine uptake compared with HIV-negative PrEP users and people living with HIV. Higher education and having a Medicare card were associated with an overall increased vaccine uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Factors that increase vaccine uptake included being PLHIV and using PrEP, increased education, and having a Medicare card. Public health policies should consider targeted outreach, integration of vaccination into routine care and innovative health communication strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22165,"journal":{"name":"Sexual health","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148138929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}