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Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals最新文献

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11. Empirical Research on Populations of Adaptive Individuals 11. 适应性个体种群的实证研究
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9780691195377-013
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引用次数: 0
3. Introduction to State- and Prediction- Based Theory 3.基于状态和预测的理论导论
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9780691195377-005
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引用次数: 0
5. A Second Example: Vertical Migration and Reproductive Effort in Daphnia 5. 第二个例子:水蚤的垂直迁移和繁殖努力
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-12-31 DOI: 10.1515/9780691195377-007
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引用次数: 0
A First Example: Forager Patch Selection 第一个例子:采集者补丁选择
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0004
{"title":"A First Example: Forager Patch Selection","authors":"","doi":"10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter illustrates how to use state- and prediction-based theory (SPT) by applying it to an extremely simple model of how hypothetical foragers select among patches that differ in both food availability and predation risk. This example uses two common techniques of SPT. First, individuals predict conditions using the simplest approach that lets them adapt to changing conditions: by simply assuming that current conditions will persist until the time horizon. The second typical SPT technique is to simplify evaluation of the fitness measure for a particular decision alternative by assuming that the individual will use the alternative until the time horizon. The chapter then evaluates the quality of decisions made via SPT. It also shows how SPT allows one to make models less simple and more realistic and capable.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"379 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114889843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conclusions and Outlook 结论与展望
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-102482-9.00010-1
U. Müller, Carolina de la Lastra, Juliane Kolsdorf
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引用次数: 0
Example Three: Temporal Patterns in Limpet Foraging 例三:帽贝觅食的时间模式
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0006
{"title":"Example Three: Temporal Patterns in Limpet Foraging","authors":"","doi":"10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents a third example application of state- and prediction-based theory (SPT), again involving a behavior originally modeled via dynamic state variable modeling (DSVM). This example also addresses animal foraging, this time a choice of foraging activity. In this case, physiology has more important and interesting effects on behavior: the model animal, like many herbivores, can consume food relatively rapidly but does not assimilate its energy until the food's rather slow passage through a long gut. This leads to uncoupling of foraging behavior and energy assimilation on short time scales. The example is based directly on the DSVM analysis by Santini et al. of foraging behavior in the limpet Cella grata, which feeds by scraping rocks in the intertidal zone.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"441 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122791819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Guidance for Using State-and Prediction-Based Theory 基于状态和预测的理论使用指南
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0008
{"title":"Guidance for Using State-and Prediction-Based Theory","authors":"","doi":"10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter outlines the guidance on using state- and prediction-based theory (SPT) to build models of populations and communities of adaptive individuals, detailing five steps unique to SPT. The most important aspect of SPT to remember is that one is not trying to build optimal, or even necessarily accurate, models of how an organism's behavior affects its future fitness. Instead, one is trying to find simplistic models that produce realistic behavior in contexts where optimization is impossible. While SPT can be used like dynamic state variable modeling (DSVM), as a framework for thinking about and modeling how an individual makes a particular decision, its main purpose is to model adaptive trade-off decisions in individual-based population models. Thus, using SPT is part of the larger process of developing, analyzing, and applying an IBM to address population-level questions, and the five steps therefore include that process.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128502241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Study: Modeling Trout Population Response to River Management 案例研究:模拟鳟鱼种群对河流管理的响应
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0002
{"title":"Case Study: Modeling Trout Population Response to River Management","authors":"","doi":"10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter describes the key characteristics of “inSTREAM” and how it represents adaptive trade-off decisions, and provides the background needed to understand its design and complexity. The initial purpose of inSTREAM was to assess how alternative reservoir operation rules, which produce different patterns of flow and temperature in downstream waters, affect populations of sympatric trout species. It quickly became apparent that such a model would also be useful for a variety of management applications and for exploring more general ecological questions. InSTREAM has evolved into a family of models, each focused on specific salmonid communities and management problems. These models have also proved useful as virtual laboratories for exploring more general questions, of both management and theoretical importance, for which inclusion of adaptive trade-off behavior is probably critical. These questions have included how multiple stressors interact to affect populations; how opposing effects of increased turbidity—reduced feeding success and reduced predation risk—interact to affect populations; how habitat fragmentation affects population persistence and size structure; and how useful habitat selection models are for predicting population responses.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128652935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empirical Research on Populations of Adaptive Individuals 适应性个体种群的实证研究
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvs32sp3.15
{"title":"Empirical Research on Populations of Adaptive Individuals","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctvs32sp3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs32sp3.15","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter studies how modeling supports empirical research. The benefit of integrating modeling and empirical research has long been recognized: theorists and modelers pose hypotheses that empirical researchers then design studies to test, and empirical research informs the development of new hypotheses. Such integration may be particularly valuable in frameworks that include multiple levels of organization, from individuals to populations to communities. But does working across levels of organization change the relationships of theory, modeling, and empirical research? What kinds of field and laboratory studies do we need, and at what levels of organization, to support modeling? The chapter assesses these questions. Thinking about the relation between modeling and empirical research requires one to address the entire process of model-based research, which is usefully characterized as a modeling cycle. The chapter then explores how the kind of modeling and theory development presented in this book can contribute to empirical studies and research.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128974859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Second Example: Vertical Migration and Reproductive Effort in Daphnia 第二个例子:水蚤的垂直迁移和繁殖努力
Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals Pub Date : 2020-05-19 DOI: 10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0005
{"title":"A Second Example: Vertical Migration and Reproductive Effort in Daphnia","authors":"","doi":"10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691195285.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter demonstrates the application of state- and prediction-based theory (SPT) to a real biological system, but a system that has been simplified enough to also be addressed by dynamic state variable modeling (DSVM). The Daphnia vertical migration (VM) system allows one to explore ways to use SPT for an adaptive trade-off behavior that clearly is important to population dynamics, and to compare the behavior it produces to behavior predicted by a DSVM model and observed in real organisms. The chapter reproduces the three patterns of observed behavior, in almost all their details, while converting Øyvind Fiksen's DSVM model into a population model that includes mortality and reproduction and could easily include processes that make DSVM intractable—like interaction and variation among individuals. One lesson is that SPT can readily represent contingent decisions, such as Daphnia choice of both depth and reproductive allocation. This is not surprising because such decisions have also been modeled with DSVM.","PeriodicalId":221485,"journal":{"name":"Modeling Populations of Adaptive Individuals","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130629498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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