Soil Science Society of America Journal最新文献

{"title":"Predicting Molybdenum Adsorption by Soils Using Soil Chemical Parameters in the Constant Capacitance Model","authors":"S. Goldberg, S. Lesch, D. Suarez","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2003.0970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2003.0970","url":null,"abstract":"cated that Mo adsorption on calcium carbonate was low, reanalysis of their data indicated that adsorption on The constant capacitance model, a chemical surface complexation this CaCO3 at pH 7.1 was comparable in magnitude to model, was applied to Mo adsorption on 36 samples from 27 soil series selected for variation in soil properties. A general regression adsorption on illite at pH 7.0 and three times as great model was developed for predicting soil Mo surface complexation as adsorption on montmorillonite at pH 7.0 and wellconstants from four independently measured soil chemical characteriscrystallized kaolinite at pH 6.8. tics: cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content, inorganic carMolybdenum adsorption on soils and soil minerals bon content, and iron oxide content. The constant capacitance model has been described by various modeling approaches. was well able to predict Mo adsorption on all 36 soil samples. IncorpoSuch models include the empirical Freundlich, Langration of these regression prediction equations into chemical speciamuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherms (Reisenauer et tion–transport models will allow simulation of soil solution Mo conal., 1962; Theng, 1971; Karimian and Cox, 1978; Phelan centrations under diverse environmental and agricultural management and Mattigod, 1984; Xie and MacKenzie, 1991; Goldconditions without requiring soil specific adsorption data and subseberg and Forster, 1998) and surface complexation modquent parameter optimization. els: constant capacitance model (Motta and Miranda, 1989; Goldberg et al., 1996, 1998), triple layer model (Goldberg et al., 1998; Wu et al., 2001), Stern variable M is both a micronutrient essential for surface charge-variable surface potential model (Mcplant growth and a potentially toxic trace eleKenzie, 1983), and CD-MUSIC model (Bourikas et al., ment, especially for grazing animals. Molybdenum defi2001). Parameters from empirical models are only valid ciencies have been reported for many agronomic crops for the conditions under which the experiment was conthroughout the world (Murphy and Walsh, 1972). Moducted. Surface complexation models are chemical modlybdenum occurs in an anionic form that is readily taken els that utilize defined surface species, chemical reacup by forage plants and can accumulate to levels detritions, mass balances, and charge balances and contain mental to grazing ruminant animals (Reisenauer et al., molecular features that can be given thermodynamic 1973). Cattle grazing in some areas of the San Joaquin significance (Sposito, 1983). Valley of California, especially on legumes, were found Chemical modeling of Mo adsorption at the mineral– to be adversely affected by elevated soil Mo content solution interface has been successful using the constant mainly on alkaline soils (Barshad, 1948). On the other capacitance model (Motta and Miranda, 1989; Goldberg hand, soils in northwest Oregon producing pastures with et al., 1996, 1998) and the triple layer","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluometuron Sorption and Degradation in Cores of Silt Loam Soil from Different Tillage and Cover Crop Systems","authors":"L. Gaston, D. Boquet, M. Bosch","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0747","url":null,"abstract":"Fluometuron [N,N-dimethyl- N'-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] urea], a herbicide used on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), is fairly mobile in soil. This study quantified effects of tillage (conventional-till [CT] and no-till [NT]) and cover crop (native vegetation, hairy vetch [ Vicia villosa] and wheat [Triticum aestivum]) on fluometuron sorption and degradation in intact cores (10-cm diam. by approximately 7.5 cm long) of Gigger (fine-silty, mixed, thermic Typic Fragiudalfs) soil. Batch sorption was well described by Freundlich isotherms. Sorption generally increased with soil organic C and was greater in NT, than in CT, 0- to 3-cm soil. No-till soil had more earthworms and arthropods. suggesting greater physical heterogeneity and potential physical nonequilibrium during transport. Tracer elution from slightly unsaturated (-0.1 bar) cores did not show preferential flow. First-order degradation rate constants were obtained by fitting a convective-dispersive/ diffusive transport model to effluent fluometuron concentrations from seven simulated rains. Degradation was faster in NT, than in CT, native soil (k d s = 0.09 and 0.04 d -1 ). Tillage did not affect degradation in the vetch (k d s = 0.07 d -1 ) or wheat (k d s = 0.8 d -1 ) soils. Degradation in CT and NT vetch cores was faster than in an earlier batch study. To the extent intact cores better represent field conditions than homogeneous soil, degradation in cores may more accurately reflect degradation in the field.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"747-755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Frequency Impedance Behavior of Montmorillonite Suspensions","authors":"L. Dudley, S. Bialkowski, D. Or, C. Junkermeier","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"518-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aluminum Effects on at Low Solution Concentrations","authors":"A. Heim, I. Brunner, E. Frossard, J. Luster","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling Ammonia Volatilization from Surface‐Applied Swine Effluent","authors":"J. Wu, D. L. Nofziger, J. Warren, J. Hattey","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0001","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia volatilization is an important issue in agricultural production and environmental protection. Experimental methods and numerical models exist to estimate the rate and amount of ammonia volatilization from commercial fertilizers and animal manures applied to a field. The existing models imposed assumptions on water movement in a soil profile that were judged to be inadequate for surface-applied swine (Sus Domesticus) effluent. In this research, a computer model was developed to estimate short-term ammonia volatilization from swine effluent applied to a field by flood or sprinkler irrigation. The model simulates simultaneous water flow, heat flow, and the transport and transformation of ammoniacal N in a soil profile using the finite difference method. Submodels were developed to evaluate concentrations of ammoniacal N in the infiltration pond of a flood irrigation event and in the droplets of sprinkler irrigation. The governing equations for the water flow, heat flow, and chemical transport modules and the irrigation submodules were derived from mass balance and energy balance employing constitutive laws established empirically. The model was tested against data from field experiments using parameters obtained from independent sources. The simulation results were in excellent agreement with experimental data in three out of six experiments. In the other three experiments, the predicted cumulative volatilization exceeded the measured amount by 5 to 30 kg ha -1 at the end of 1 wk. The differences were primarily in the first sampling period after the application. The simulated cumulative volatilization was most sensitive to temperature, pH of the soil system, and pH of the effluent applied.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen Retranslocation Response of Young to Nitrogen-15 Supply","authors":"K. Salifu, V. Timmer","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2003.0309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67757401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Method for Fitting Neural Network Parametric Pedotransfer Functions","authors":"B. Minasny, A. McBratney","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"352-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67751429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water repellency of soils","authors":"S. Doerr, L. Dekker, C. Ritsema, R. Shakesby, R. Bryant","doi":"10.2136/sssaj2002.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2002.0401","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"401-405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67751444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desorption Kinetics of Cadmium and Lead from Goethite","authors":"L. Glover, M. Eick, P. Brady","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0797","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"797"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67752135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uranyl Surface Complexes Formed on Subsurface Media from DOE Facilities","authors":"B. Bostick, S. Fendorf, M. Barnett, P. Jardine, S. Brooks","doi":"10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2136/SSSAJ2002.0099","url":null,"abstract":"A mechanistic understanding of U sorption in natural soils and sediments is useful for determining its transport and bioavailability in the environment. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine the mechanisms by which U(VI) sorbs to three heterogeneous subsurface media reacted under static and dynamic flow conditions. Regardless of the media chosen, ternary surface complexes were the dominant type of sorption complex. Uranyl phosphate complexes were formed in subsurface media from more acidic environments. In contrast, uranyl carbonate ternary surface complexes formed in media from more neutral conditions. The complexes are predominantly inner-sphere, although some outer-sphere complexes may also be present, and appear to be on iron (hydr)oxides and possibly aluminosilicates. Additionally, the uranyl phosphate and carbonate complexes are highly disordered, which contributes to their reversible sorption properties.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67751339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}