Soil Science Society of America Journal最新文献_第2页

Postfire extracellular enzyme activity in a temperate montane forest 温带山地森林的火后细胞外酶活性

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20745

Regina O'Kelley, Abigail Evered, Hayley Peter‐Contesse, Jennifer Moore, Kate Lajtha

{"title":"Postfire extracellular enzyme activity in a temperate montane forest","authors":"Regina O'Kelley, Abigail Evered, Hayley Peter‐Contesse, Jennifer Moore, Kate Lajtha","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20745","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfire is a disturbance expected to increase in frequency and severity, changes that may impact carbon (C) dynamics in the soil ecosystem. Fire changes the types of C sources available to soil microbes, increasing pyrogenic C and coarse downed wood, and if there is substantial tree mortality, decreasing C from root exudates and leaf litter. To investigate the impact of this shift in the composition of C resources on microbial processes driving C cycling, we examined microbial activity in soil sampled from an Oregon burn 1 year after fire from sites spanning a range in soil burn severity from unburned to highly burned. We found evidence that postfire rhizosphere priming loss may reduce soil C loss after fire. We measured the potential activity of C‐acquiring and nitrogen (N)‐acquiring extracellular enzymes and contextualized the microbial resource demand using measurements of mineralizable C and N. Subsurface mineralizable C and N were unaltered by fire and negatively correlated with hydrolytic extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) in unburned, but not burned sites. EEA was lower in burned sites by up to 46%, but only at depths below 5 cm, and with greater decreases in sites with high soil burn severity. These results are consistent with a subsurface mechanism driven by tree mortality. We infer that in sites with high tree mortality, subsurface EEAs decreased due to loss of rhizosphere priming and that inputs of dead roots contributed to mineralizable C stabilization.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142206214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long‐term stability of phosphate sorbed on an allophanic Andosol and a synthesized allophane 异丙醇和合成异丙烷吸附磷酸盐的长期稳定性

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-25 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20748

Kenji Sato, Takehide Hama, Hiroaki Ito, Kayoko Kobayashi, Kimihito Nakamura, Shinji Sakurai

{"title":"Long‐term stability of phosphate sorbed on an allophanic Andosol and a synthesized allophane","authors":"Kenji Sato, Takehide Hama, Hiroaki Ito, Kayoko Kobayashi, Kimihito Nakamura, Shinji Sakurai","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20748","url":null,"abstract":"Allophane and ferrihydrite are the main hosts of phosphate in allophanic Andosols, which are vital soil resources that support high human population densities. However, the sorption mechanism of phosphate on allophane has not been elucidated, unlike that of ferrihydrite. In particular, the effects of residence time on phosphate sorbed on allophane remain unclear. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to (1) understand the effect of residence time on the stability of phosphate sorbed on allophanic Andosol and allophane by desorption experiments using arsenate and (2) elucidate the sorption mechanism of phosphate on allophane using solid‐state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Consequently, the slow sorption of phosphate onto allophanic Andosol, allophane, and ferrihydrite continued for approximately 150 days. The ratio of total desorbable phosphate to phosphate sorbed onto the allophanic Andosol and allophane decreased with increasing residence time. In other words, phosphate sorption on allophanic Andosol and allophane was more irreversible with increasing residence time. The NMR spectra and X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that the molecular environment of phosphate sorbed onto allophane and ferrihydrite did not change at any residence time. Therefore, the slow sorption and irreversibility of phosphate were caused not by surface precipitation but by internal diffusion. In addition, the NMR spectra showed that most of the phosphate sorbed on allophane was present as inner‐sphere complexes.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142206215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zinc in ammoniated phosphate fertilizers: Solid‐phase speciation, solubility, and use of barrier coatings to enhance zinc availability 氨化磷肥中的锌：固相形态、溶解度以及使用阻隔涂层提高锌的利用率

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20744

Rodrigo C. da Silva, Fien Degryse, Roslyn Baird, Babasola Ajiboye, Samuel Stacey, Alan Peacock, Ronald Olson, Michael J. McLaughlin

{"title":"Zinc in ammoniated phosphate fertilizers: Solid‐phase speciation, solubility, and use of barrier coatings to enhance zinc availability","authors":"Rodrigo C. da Silva, Fien Degryse, Roslyn Baird, Babasola Ajiboye, Samuel Stacey, Alan Peacock, Ronald Olson, Michael J. McLaughlin","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20744","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc (Zn) is the micronutrient commonly found deficient in agricultural soils worldwide, limiting crop yield and reducing food quality. Zinc‐enriched fertilizers have been successfully used to tackle crop Zn deficiency. However, Zn solubility is reduced after addition to phosphate fertilizers due to the formation of sparingly soluble precipitates, decreasing Zn availability to crops. We hypothesized that the availability of Zn in the fertilizer to plants is related to its speciation in the fertilizer. We evaluated a range of ammonium phosphate fertilizers using X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure and assessed the water‐solubility of Zn in the formulations. Four Zn species were identified in these fertilizers, with zinc ammonium phosphate the most abundant one. The speciation of Zn in the fertilizer had little relationship with the water solubility of Zn in the final product. Zinc solubility was driven by fertilizer pH, with lower pH resulting in higher solubility. We concluded that added Zn reacts with the fertilizer matrix to form mainly zinc (ammonium) phosphates, and when the fertilizer is dissolved in water, hopeite controls the solubility. Based on these findings, we tested whether a barrier coating between the P granule and the Zn compound could prevent reaction between Zn and P and thus enhance Zn availability. Indeed, higher Zn uptake was observed in an isotopically labeled fertilizer growth trial when a barrier coating physically separated Zn and P in the fertilizer. In summary, Zn availability to crops can be maximized by decreasing fertilizer pH and separating P and Zn in the granule.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142206234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biochar impacts on soil moisture retention and respiration in a coarse‐textured soil under dry conditions 生物炭对干旱条件下粗粒土壤保墒和呼吸作用的影响

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20746

Touyee Thao, Melinda Gonzales, Rebecca Ryals, Ruth Dahlquist‐Willard, Gerardo C. Diaz, Teamrat A. Ghezzehei

{"title":"Biochar impacts on soil moisture retention and respiration in a coarse‐textured soil under dry conditions","authors":"Touyee Thao, Melinda Gonzales, Rebecca Ryals, Ruth Dahlquist‐Willard, Gerardo C. Diaz, Teamrat A. Ghezzehei","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20746","url":null,"abstract":"The growing water scarcity jeopardizes crop production for global food security, a problem poised to worsen under climate change–induced drought. Amending soils with locally derived biochar from pyrolyzed agricultural residues may enhance soil moisture retention and resilience, in addition to climate change mitigation. However, prior studies on the hydrologic benefits of biochar focused on optimal moisture, not water‐limited conditions where biochar's large wettable surface area could aid plants and microbes. We hypothesized that biochars differing in feedstocks would positively augment soil moisture and respiration, with overall impacts most beneficial under drier conditions. Using water vapor sorption isotherms, we used film theory to estimate the specific surface area (SSA) of biochars. We then modeled and tested the moisture retention of a coarse‐textured soil amended with biochar. Additionally, a 109‐day lab incubation experiment was also conducted to examine biochar effects on respiration across a moisture range spanning optimal to wilting point. Among seven tested biochars, almond shell biochar significantly increased soil moisture and yield the second highest SSA. Despite drying treatments, the amended soil maintained higher respiration than the control, indicating enhanced biological activity. The results demonstrate biochars counter drying effects in coarse soils through physical and biological mechanisms linked to increased sorptive capacity. Our findings contribute to the development of sustainable water and waste management strategies tailored to the needs of California Central Valley, where the potential for biochar application is substantial. Above all, our research fills a crucial gap by providing context‐specific insights that can inform the effective utilization of locally produced biochars in the face of increasing water scarcity and excess biomass challenges.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142206216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nature versus nurture: Quantifying the effects of management, region, and hillslope position on soil health indicators in an on‐farm survey in Minnesota 自然与养育：在明尼苏达州的一项农场调查中，量化管理、地区和山坡位置对土壤健康指标的影响

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-08-18 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20739

Hava K. Blair, Jessica L. Gutknecht, Nicolas Adam Jelinski, Ann Marcelle Lewandowski, Beth A. Fisher, Anna M. Cates

{"title":"Nature versus nurture: Quantifying the effects of management, region, and hillslope position on soil health indicators in an on‐farm survey in Minnesota","authors":"Hava K. Blair, Jessica L. Gutknecht, Nicolas Adam Jelinski, Ann Marcelle Lewandowski, Beth A. Fisher, Anna M. Cates","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20739","url":null,"abstract":"A major challenge to implementing effective soil health assessments is how to distinguish the effects of management from underlying soil variability driven by inherent soil properties. This challenge has important consequences for the use of soil health indicators as tools for monitoring and assessment because soil‐forming factors constrain the range of indicator values and the magnitude of management‐induced changes. Here, we present results from a statewide survey of 15 soil health indicators measured on 30 fields on commercial farms across four major land resource areas in Minnesota. Fields included in the study differed in tillage, cover crop implementation, and crop rotation. Within each field, we collected samples from upper and lower hillslope positions to quantify the effect of topography. We consistently detected differences in soil health indicators between regions (13/15 indicators) and hillslope positions (8/15 indicators). However, only wet aggregate stability was sensitive to management across regions and years, highlighting the importance of physical indicators of soil health. This result was surprising in light of existing literature supporting the sensitivity of many soil health indicators to management, but it is consistent with other studies conducted in high organic matter soils in the Upper US Midwest. Our results highlight the need for regionally representative datasets to guide the development of interpretations and benchmarks for soil health indicators. This is particularly important when soil health indicators are applied outside traditional research contexts (such as in commercial soil health testing), where interpretation must take place without the benefit of historical baseline data.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tillage practices affect soil fertility of a long‐term winter wheat–fallow rotation 耕作方法影响冬小麦--耕地长期轮作的土壤肥力

IF 2.9 3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20628

Lawrence Aula, A. Easterly, M. Mikha, C. Creech

{"title":"Tillage practices affect soil fertility of a long‐term winter wheat–fallow rotation","authors":"Lawrence Aula, A. Easterly, M. Mikha, C. Creech","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20628","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of tillage practices to enhancing soil fertility levels is a major subject of research among agricultural scholars. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of several decades of tillage under winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–fallow on soil fertility. The experiment was established in 1970 as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included moldboard plow (MP), stubble mulch (SM), no‐till (NT), and native sod. Soil samples were collected from 0–10 and 10–20 cm in 2010 and 2011 and analyzed for several variables including soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and soil pH. Benchmarks for these variables used to evaluate temporal changes for each treatment were obtained from previous documents containing data that were sampled in 1982 and 1984 from the same site. In 2010–2011, SOM, TN, and pH were all influenced by the tillage practices at 0–10 cm (p ≤ 0.05). For SOM, the magnitude of the difference between native sod and NT in 1986 was 28% (10.1 g·kg−1) and this increased to 30.6% (18.5 g·kg−1) in 2010–2011 with native sod storing more SOM. Over time, NT sustained a high level of SOM with 7.7 g·kg−1 more SOM than the initial 38.3 g·kg−1 reported in 1986. TN with NT was greater than SM and MP by 56%, but 53% lower than TN with native sods. In general, soil fertility and nutrient availability at this site supported crop production for over 50 years without fertilizer application.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139777982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of plasticity and porewater salinity on shrinkage and water retention characteristics of biochar‐engineered clays 塑性和孔隙水矿化度对生物炭工程粘土收缩和保水特性的影响

3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20591

Weiling Cai, Sanandam Bordoloi, Cheng Zhu, Chandra Bhanu Gupt

{"title":"Influence of plasticity and porewater salinity on shrinkage and water retention characteristics of biochar‐engineered clays","authors":"Weiling Cai, Sanandam Bordoloi, Cheng Zhu, Chandra Bhanu Gupt","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20591","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Clay‐engineered barriers might be subjected to soil salinization issues under climate change. A recently emerged desalinization method is achieved by modifying clays using biochar. However, unsaturated soil responses of biochar‐engineered clays in saline environments under drought conditions remain unknown. This study aims to investigate soil shrinkage and water retention characteristics of biochar‐amended kaolin and bentonite under saline conditions. Soil shrinkage and water retention tests were conducted on clays (with and without biochar addition) with various porewater salinity (i.e., 0%–10%). Physiochemical properties (including zeta potential and porewater pH) were measured to interpret particle–fluid interactions. Shrinkage characteristics of kaolin and bentonite exhibited sensitivity and insensitivity to the porewater salinity, respectively. This phenomenon was explained by hydrogen‐sodium ion exchange and deprotonation phenomenon occurring on kaolin and bentonite, respectively. Biochar significantly alleviated the salinity‐induced shrinkage of clays by increasing the shrinkage limit of kaolin and bentonite by 6%–14% and 50%–107%, respectively ( p < 0.05). This was attributed to the porous structure and hydrophilic functionality of biochar that immobilized sodium ions through ion exchange and protonation reactions. The air entry value of clays significantly increased with porewater salinity and biochar addition due to the reduction of void ratio and enhanced capillarity, respectively. An empirical equation was proposed to predict the shrinkage limit of clay in various saline conditions. It highlighted that the application of biochar‐engineered clays could contribute to the desalination and the improvement of resistance to shrinkage damage in hydro‐chemical barriers.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135944298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated hanging water column for characterizing water retention and hysteresis of coarse‐textured porous media 自动悬挂水柱，用于表征粗糙纹理多孔介质的水潴留和滞后

3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20596

Chihiro Dixon, Adam Blakeslee, Melanie Mills, Wenyi Sheng, Scott B. Jones

{"title":"Automated hanging water column for characterizing water retention and hysteresis of coarse‐textured porous media","authors":"Chihiro Dixon, Adam Blakeslee, Melanie Mills, Wenyi Sheng, Scott B. Jones","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20596","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Modeling and characterizing hysteretic water retention is critical for predicting hydrodynamic behavior in porous media. This is especially true in coarse‐textured media used in geotechnical engineering, greenhouse, and landscape industries, where subtle changes in water status may lead to plant stress. However, based on the traditional hanging water column method, water retention measurements are laborious and time consuming because of the stepwise manual water potential adjustments and wait‐time requirements for equilibrium conditions to develop. Therefore, we designed and fabricated an automated system to collect wetting‐ and drying‐water retention data from coarse porous media. The basic system consisted of (1) a compound pressure transducer (± 70‐cm range) providing both the porous medium's volumetric water content ( θ ) and matric potential ( h ) determinations, (2) a 70‐cm linear actuator to vertically position a 50‐mL burette, and (3) a diffuse laser distance sensor positioned by a 10‐cm linear actuator to monitor the burette's vertical position relative to the sample position. This automated system determined the initial drying process beginning with a fully saturated sample ( h = 0 cm) and determined subsequent wetting‐ and drying‐water retention curves. Our automated water retention measurements in quartz sand (ASTM C778‐21) exhibited maximum‐ and minimum‐standard deviation in θ of 0.013 and 0.00044 cm 3 cm −3 , respectively. Parameters of the hysteretic water retention model of quartz sand were characterized using repeated measurements. Results of this research included the creation of an automated water retention system and the well‐characterized hydraulic parameters for the original well‐graded and narrowly sieved particle sizes of quartz sand.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135944287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micronutrients in coated phosphate fertilizer improve precision distribution and nutrient use efficiency of soybean 包膜磷肥中微量元素可提高大豆的精准分配和养分利用效率

3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20594

Ana Paula Pereira Nunes, Thalita Takayama, Leonardo Fernandes Sarkis, Douglas Guelfi

{"title":"Micronutrients in coated phosphate fertilizer improve precision distribution and nutrient use efficiency of soybean","authors":"Ana Paula Pereira Nunes, Thalita Takayama, Leonardo Fernandes Sarkis, Douglas Guelfi","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20594","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Challenges regarding uniform micronutrient distribution and P‐use efficiency in agricultural soils are common. Micronutrients can be added as coated P fertilizers, creating multi‐nutrient fertilizers for crops to address this issue. The objective of this study was to quantify the diffusion and availability of P, B, Cu, Mn, and Zn in coated P fertilizers. Another objective was to evaluate the nutrient uptake, partitioning, and yield of soybeans. Treatments were monoammonium phosphate and NPS (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur) fertilizer coated with Maxxi‐Phós and either Wolftrax, Microsol, or MIB Precise. Applied concentrations of B and Cu varied between 0.15% and 0.05%. The Mn and Zn ranged from 0.45% to 0.15%. Nutrient accumulation and recovery were assessed in the greenhouse and field trials. P diffusion ranged from 5.58 to 18.88 mm in 336 h. Micronutrient use efficiencies varied according to the soybean ( Glycine max ) phenological stages, with emphasis on the V4 stage, which resulted in the following values: B (0.65% to 13.89%), Cu (6.73% to 62.84%), Mn (0.73% to 3.36%), and Zn (0.01% to 2.34%). Nutrient exports were: 55.7 kg of P 2 O 5 ha −1 , 209.6 g of B ha −1 , 109 g of Mn ha −1 , 216.7 g of Zn ha −1 , and 64.3 g of Cu ha −1 . There was significant absorption ( p ≤ 0.05) of B, Mn, and Zn at stages R1–R5.1 in the field trial, whereas it was from V4 to R1 for Cu. As a multi‐nutrient fertilizer for soybeans, micronutrient‐coated P fertilizers could replace exported nutrients.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136078387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No‐till marginally mitigates the impact of harvesting corn stover on soil microbial parameters 免耕略微减轻了收获玉米秸秆对土壤微生物参数的影响

3区农林科学

Soil Science Society of America Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1002/saj2.20592

Salvador Ramirez, Virginia L. Jin, Lance M. Gunderson, Marty R. Schmer, Kathryn J. Hanford, Elizabeth S. Jeske, R. A. Drijber

{"title":"No‐till marginally mitigates the impact of harvesting corn stover on soil microbial parameters","authors":"Salvador Ramirez, Virginia L. Jin, Lance M. Gunderson, Marty R. Schmer, Kathryn J. Hanford, Elizabeth S. Jeske, R. A. Drijber","doi":"10.1002/saj2.20592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/saj2.20592","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Harvesting corn stover can negatively impact soil chemical and physical properties, but less is known regarding its effects on soil microbiology. We evaluated the impact of corn ( Zea may s L.) stover removal level (SRL) on soil microbial biomass (MB) and extracellular enzyme activities (EEAs) in irrigated, continuous corn located in eastern Nebraska. Soil fatty acid‐methyl esters (FAMEs) and EEA of eight soil enzymes were measured over 2 years, 0‐ to 20‐cm soil depth, under conventional disk tillage (CT) and no‐till (NT) under three SRLs. Soil chemical properties were measured as explanatory variables for changes in soil microbial communities and their enzymatic potential. Potential EEA of all enzymes decreased with stover removal and tillage. Soil bacterial biomass (BB) and fungal biomass (FB) decreased with SRL, while mycorrhizal biomass was unresponsive. Impacts of tillage on MB groups varied by year; however, FB was consistently higher under CT. At all growth stages, NT with all stover retained, a “soil conservation target” had distinct soil enzyme and bacterial FAME profiles compared to CT across all SRLs and to NT under high and sometimes moderate SRLs. Principal component analysis of soil properties was dominated by SRL with EEAs, BB, soil organic matter (SOM), water‐extractable carbon, and H 3 A‐extractable potassium being positively correlated to stover retention. Reduced input of microbial substrates also led to a loss of fine particulate organic matter, an indicator correlated to stable macroaggregation. Because NT partially ameliorated the negative impact of stover removal on BB, SOM fractions, and soil enzymes critical to nutrient cycling, pairing NT with stover removal may be more sustainable in the long term.","PeriodicalId":22142,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science Society of America Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135923593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0