Small GTPases最新文献_第4页

Rho GTPase regulation of reactive oxygen species generation and signalling in platelet function and disease. Rho GTPase对血小板功能和疾病中活性氧生成和信号传导的调控。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1878001

Anh T P Ngo, Ivan Parra-Izquierdo, Joseph E Aslan, Owen J T McCarty

{"title":"Rho GTPase regulation of reactive oxygen species generation and signalling in platelet function and disease.","authors":"Anh T P Ngo, Ivan Parra-Izquierdo, Joseph E Aslan, Owen J T McCarty","doi":"10.1080/21541248.2021.1878001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541248.2021.1878001","url":null,"abstract":"Platelets are master regulators and effectors of haemostasis with increasingly recognized functions as mediators of inflammation and immune responses. The Rho family of GTPase members Rac1, Cdc42 and RhoA are known to be major components of the intracellular signalling network critical to platelet shape change and morphological dynamics, thus playing a major role in platelet spreading, secretion and thrombus formation. Initially linked to the regulation of actomyosin contraction and lamellipodia formation, recent reports have uncovered non-canonical functions of platelet RhoGTPases in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), where intrinsically generated ROS modulate platelet function and contribute to thrombus formation. Platelet RhoGTPases orchestrate oxidative processes and cytoskeletal rearrangement in an interconnected manner to regulate intracellular signalling networks underlying platelet activity and thrombus formation. Herein we review our current knowledge of the regulation of platelet ROS generation by RhoGTPases and their relationship with platelet cytoskeletal reorganization, activation and function.","PeriodicalId":22139,"journal":{"name":"Small GTPases","volume":" ","pages":"440-457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21541248.2021.1878001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38764406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

New insights into RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling: a key regulator of vascular contraction. RhoA/ rho激酶信号传导的新见解:血管收缩的关键调节因子。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-24 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1822721

Kenia Pedrosa Nunes, R Clinton Webb

引用次数: 15

Emerging roles for Rho GTPases operating at the Golgi complex. 高尔基复合体中Rho gtp酶的新作用。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1812873

Margaritha M Mysior, Jeremy C Simpson

{"title":"Emerging roles for Rho GTPases operating at the Golgi complex.","authors":"Margaritha M Mysior, Jeremy C Simpson","doi":"10.1080/21541248.2020.1812873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541248.2020.1812873","url":null,"abstract":"Rho GTPases are known to play an essential role in fundamental processes such as defining cell shape, polarity and migration. As such, the majority of Rho GTPases localize and function at, or close to, the plasma membrane. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that a number of Rho family proteins are also associated with the Golgi complex, where they not only regulate events at this organelle but also more widely across the cell. Given the central location of this organelle, and the numerous membrane trafficking pathways that connect it to both the endocytic and secretory systems of cells, it is clear that the Golgi is fundamental for maintaining cellular homoeostasis. In this review, we describe these GTPases in the context of how they regulate Golgi architecture, membrane trafficking into and away from this organelle, and cell polarity and migration. We summarize the key findings that show the growing importance of the pool of Rho GTPases associated with Golgi function, namely Cdc42, RhoA, RhoD, RhoBTB1 and RhoBTB3, and we discuss how they act in concert with other key families of molecules associated with the Golgi, including Rab GTPases and matrix proteins.","PeriodicalId":22139,"journal":{"name":"Small GTPases","volume":" ","pages":"311-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21541248.2020.1812873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38340659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Pathophysiological functions of Rnd proteins. Rnd蛋白的病理生理功能。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1829914

Sara Basbous, Roberta Azzarelli, Emilie Pacary, Violaine Moreau

引用次数: 6

Small GTPases all over invadosomes. 小的gtp酶遍布浸润体。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-01-25 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1877081

Paul Rivier, Michel Mubalama, Olivier Destaing

引用次数: 2

Mitochondrial Miro GTPases coordinate mitochondrial and peroxisomal dynamics. 线粒体 Miro GTPases 协调线粒体和过氧化物酶体的动态。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-12 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1843957

Konrad E Zinsmaier

引用次数: 0

Small GTPases modulate intrinsic and extrinsic forces that control epithelial folding in Drosophila embryos. 小gtpase调节控制果蝇胚胎上皮折叠的内在和外在力量。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2021.1926879

Ashley Rich, Michael Glotzer

引用次数: 1

Rab22a regulates the establishment of epithelial polarity. Rab22a调控上皮极性的建立。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1754104

Isabella R Blum, Caroline Behling-Hess, Marco Padilla-Rodriguez, Samina Momtaz, Christopher Cox, Jean M Wilson

{"title":"Rab22a regulates the establishment of epithelial polarity.","authors":"Isabella R Blum, Caroline Behling-Hess, Marco Padilla-Rodriguez, Samina Momtaz, Christopher Cox, Jean M Wilson","doi":"10.1080/21541248.2020.1754104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541248.2020.1754104","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane trafficking establishes and maintains epithelial polarity. Rab22a has a polarized distribution in activated T-cells, but its role in epithelial polarity has not been investigated. We showed previously that Rab14 acts upstream of Arf6 to establish the apical membrane initiation site (AMIS), but its interaction with Rab22a is unknown. Here we show that Rab14 and Rab22a colocalize in endosomes of both unpolarized and polarized MDCK cells and Rab22a localizes to the cell:cell interface of polarizing cell pairs. Knockdown of Rab22a results in a multi-lumen phenotype in three-dimensional culture. Further, overexpression of Rab22a in Rab14 knockdown cells rescues the multi-lumen phenotype observed with Rab14 knockdown, suggesting that Rab22a is downstream of Rab14. Because of the relationship between Rab14 and Arf6, we investigated the effect of Rab22a knockdown on Arf6. We find that Rab22a knockdown results in decreased active Arf6 and that Rab22a co-immunoprecipitates with the Arf6 GEF EFA6. In addition, EFA6 is retained in intracellular puncta in Rab22a KD cells. These results suggest that Rab22a acts downstream of Rab14 to traffic EFA6 to the AMIS to regulate Arf6 in the establishment of polarity.","PeriodicalId":22139,"journal":{"name":"Small GTPases","volume":"12 4","pages":"282-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/21541248.2020.1754104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37828019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Selection of established tumour cells through narrow diameter micropores enriches for elevated Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK MAPK signalling and enhanced tumour growth. 通过窄直径微孔选择已确定的肿瘤细胞，可富集升高的 Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK MAPK 信号并促进肿瘤生长。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1780108

Dominika A Rudzka, Susan Mason, Matthew Neilson, Lynn McGarry, Gabriela Kalna, Ann Hedley, Karen Blyth, Michael F Olson

{"title":"Selection of established tumour cells through narrow diameter micropores enriches for elevated Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK MAPK signalling and enhanced tumour growth.","authors":"Dominika A Rudzka, Susan Mason, Matthew Neilson, Lynn McGarry, Gabriela Kalna, Ann Hedley, Karen Blyth, Michael F Olson","doi":"10.1080/21541248.2020.1780108","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21541248.2020.1780108","url":null,"abstract":"As normal cells become cancer cells, and progress towards malignancy, they become progressively softer. Advantages of this change are that tumour cells become more deformable, and better able to move through narrow constraints. We designed a positive selection strategy that enriched for cells which could move through narrow diameter micropores to identify cell phenotypes that enabled constrained migration. Using human MDA MB 231 breast cancer and MDA MB 435 melanoma cancer cells, we found that micropore selection favoured cells with relatively higher Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling, which affected actin cytoskeleton organization, focal adhesion density and cell elasticity. In this follow-up study, we provide further evidence that selection through micropores enriched for cells with altered cell morphology and adhesion. Additional analysis of RNA sequencing data revealed a set of transcripts associated with small cell size that was independent of constrained migration. Gene set enrichment analysis identified the 'matrisome' as the most significantly altered gene set linked with small size. When grown as orthotopic xenograft tumours in immunocompromised mice, micropore selected cells grew significantly faster than Parent or Flow-Sorted cells. Using mathematical modelling, we determined that there is an interaction between 1) the cell to gap size ratio; 2) the bending rigidity of the cell, which enable movement through narrow gaps. These results extend our previous conclusion that Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK MAPK signalling has a significant role in regulating cell biomechanics by showing that the selective pressure of movement through narrow gaps also enriches for increased tumour growth in vivo.","PeriodicalId":22139,"journal":{"name":"Small GTPases","volume":"12 4","pages":"294-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8204978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38072849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A regulatory role of membrane by direct modulation of the catalytic kinase domain. 膜通过直接调节催化激酶结构域的调节作用。

Small GTPases Pub Date : 2021-07-01 Epub Date: 2020-07-14 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2020.1788886

Priyanka Prakash

引用次数: 2