Modern technology, materials and design in construction最新文献

{"title":"COMPOSITE REINFORCEMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: TRENDS OF EXPANDING USE","authors":"V. Serdyuk, O. Antonyuk, Tetyana Antoniuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-25-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-25-35","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific and technical progress largely ensures the production and use of new effective building construction materials with predetermined properties. The article considers the prospects of using a relatively new modern material in construction - composite reinforcement (AC), which has a number of advantages compared to traditional metal reinforcement and at the same time is characterized by properties that limit its use in the production technology of modern concrete structures. In connection with a number of circumstances associated with the expansion of the operating conditions of reinforced concrete structures in highly aggressive environments, where it is difficult to ensure the corrosion resistance of steel reinforcement, composite reinforcement is used. The prospects of using composite reinforcement in ensuring the dielectric properties of some products and structures are shown. The global experience of using AK is summarized, the modern regulatory framework for its use in modern construction is given. It is shown that the use of AK on a par with steel reinforcement according to current standards regarding mechanical, technological and operational properties is sufficient to solve the vast majority of construction tasks. Reasons for the expansion of the use of composite reinforcement, taking into account the high energy intensity of traditional steel reinforcement and the inevitability of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with Ukraine's international obligations, are given.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121799117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CAST LIGHTWEIGHT METAL STRUCTURES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODULAR BUILDINGS","authors":"O. Shinsky, V. Doroshenko, Olexander Yanchenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-90-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-90-98","url":null,"abstract":"A review of prefab modular building metal structures with a list of their advantages and an assessment of reuse compared to building structures made of concrete and wood is carried out. An analysis of the cost structure of such metal structures and their installation is given. It is noted that the most effective means of reducing the cost of metal structures is to reduce metal consumption. Unlike welded for bolted structures, installation is simplified and bolted connections provide the possibility of disassembling the structure with transportation to another place, which is important for hangars, warehouses that change location. The use of cast metal structures, in particular, made by gasification model casting (LGM) in vacuum molds made of loose sand, has significant opportunities. The motivation, methods and examples of optimization of constructions, as well as imitation of constructions of nature, in particular crystalline materials, for man-made metal products are considered. Cellular spatial materials obtained by the LGM method expand the existing range of properties compared to compact materials. And cast lattice materials, in particular, the analogues of which are taken from the macro- and microworld of nature, from prefabricated model elements, will simplify construction and allow the production of cellular materials and frame lightweight products, which are often called \"materials of the future.\" Ukraine obtains metal from its own ores and is able to transform it into a high-tech, knowledge-intensive product in the form of machines, mechanisms and metal construction structures. The development of such technologies opens up ways to borrow the structural properties of natural materials known to us not only to copy them, but also to obtain new materials and structures with optimization for specific mechanisms or buildings. At the same time, construction with the use of metal structures has all the prerequisites to become an effective solution in the construction industry, which will contribute to the reconstruction of the country.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130571404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXECUTION OF CURRENT OR CAPITAL REPAIRS, EXISTING PRACTICE OF ENSURING RELIABLE OPERATION","authors":"Valeriy Andrukhov, Vitaliy Bassistiy","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-222-229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-222-229","url":null,"abstract":"The position of the authors on such an important issue as ensuring the safe operation of construction objects is presented based on the analysis of research results, existing engineering experience in the implementation of safe operation, and due to which it is possible to increase the life span of buildings or structures. An analysis of the existing experience in the implementation of PPR in various structures, in state-owned industrial enterprises that have several buildings and adjacent territory under their control, enterprises related to the maintenance of the housing stock and maintaining it in a satisfactory condition, such as residential buildings and condominiums, was developed, the approach of enterprises was developed when assessing the technical condition, the frequency of inspections, the members of the commission, the chairman of the commission and who is responsible for the further implementation of the planning and execution of repair works, advantages and disadvantages, an analysis of the main problems and nuances of the maintenance of residential buildings was carried out, the difference between ZHEK and and condominiums, inspection and assessment of the technical condition, identification of defects and announcement of possible measures, financing, coordination problems, responsibility for carrying out or not carrying out repair works, bottlenecks of these approaches were worked out and a general conclusion was formed.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129761777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRIORITIES IN THE USE OF FOSSIL FUEL TYPES AND MAINTENANCE OF THE HOUSING FUND","authors":"V. Serdyuk, Kateryna Bauman","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-211-221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-211-221","url":null,"abstract":"The trends of global temperature increase in the world due to excessive burning of fossil hydrocarbons are given. Excessive extraction and burning of fossil fuels (hard coal, petroleum products, natural gas) have led to an increase in their cost and climate change. About 40% of CO2 emissions today come from burning coal, 33% from oil refining products, and 22% from natural gas. An increase in CO2 content in the atmosphere leads to a drop in the Earth's surface temperature. At the global level, the world community has adopted three main international agreements on climate change: the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992); Kyoto Protocol (1997); Paris Agreement (2015). More than 190 countries have signed the Paris Agreement. Its main goals are to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 and to keep the increase in the global average temperature below 2°C by 2100, preferably to 1.5°C. \u0000The construction industry is responsible for consumption of up to 40% of all energy. which are used in economies countries of the world In the summarized reports of experts at the 27th UN Conference on Climate Change (COP27), which took place in 2022  year in Egypt (Sharm el-Sheikh) it was stated that in 2022 1% more CO2 will be released into the atmosphere than in in 2021. The main volumes of greenhouse gas emissions come from the burning of fossil fuels. Brought comparative analysis of CO2 emissions when burning different types of fuel. \u0000The dynamics of the production of fossil fuels - hard coal, oil and natural gas - is studied, which indicates a significant decrease in their production and consumption. Modern approaches to the growth of RES volumes are considered, the dynamics of the growth of SPP capacities are given. On the basis of European experience, the prospects for the installation of balcony mini SPPs are shown. \u0000Individual heating systems and decentralization of engineering systems for providing housing help to increase their stability in adverse conditions. The organizational features of the transfer of the housing stock from a centralized heating system to individual electric and gas heating are revealed. Based on the analysis of the European experience of maintaining the housing stock, the main directions for reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of the existing housing stock are given.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130734503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATHEMATICAL MODELING FOR MHE OF THE PROCESS OF STRENGTHENING OF FOUNDATIONS","authors":"A. Morgun, I. Met, A. Kozub","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-147-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-147-152","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the presence of weak soils on the territory of Ukraine, additional vertical deformations occur in soil foundations, associated with a violation of their structure. Water saturation of such soils leads to a change in VAT and affects the conditions for the reliable operation of construction objects. In this regard, it becomes necessary to strengthen the foundations of these building objects, to improve the bearing capacity of these foundations. Therefore, in practice, the search for new ways to strengthen the foundations, improve their bearing capacity is constantly being carried out. In difficult engineering and geological conditions, the deterioration of the physical and mechanical properties leads to a rise in deformations and a decrease in the bearing capacity of the foundations. Reinforcement of foundations is also necessary when constructing superstructures. In the robot, using the numerical method of boundary elements, the behavior under load of a shallow foundation on a natural basis reinforced with cross piles is predicted. Reinforcement of foundation structures requires determination of their bearing capacity and stress-strain state (SSS) after reconstruction. Normative design of foundations, based on subsidence and rolls, which are borderline permissible from the point of view of the operational suitability and reliability of structures, puts forward increased requirements for the accuracy of calculating the displacements of foundations. The complexity of the properties of soils and the many factors that influence their mechanical behavior have long been a barrier before which the mathematical methods of continuum mechanics were de-strengthened. The emergence of modern ECM allowed algebraicizing the mathematical formulation of most problems in soil mechanics, which require taking into account a large number of nonlinear determining factors and the transition to elastic-plastic models. The use of a numerical eexperiment, as never before, closely linked the physical meaning of the problem, its mathematical formulation, numerical methods of calculation and the ECM. In the robot, to obtain a forecast of the bearing capacity of a reinforced foundation, an elastic-plastic model of a discrete soil medium and a numerical MGE are used.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134346479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OPERATION OF INSULATORS WITH NON-VENTILATED AIR LAYERS AND ENERGY-REFLECTIVE SCREENS","authors":"Ihor Dudar, V. Shvets, M. Maksymenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-6-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-6-11","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of insulation of construction structures - houses and buildings of various purposes - depends on many components, but the main ones were and remain the quality and durability of the materials used. Typical tests are carried out according to indicators of the resistance of the structure with facade thermal insulation to climatic factors and according to the indicator of the reduced heat transfer resistance of the prefabricated system with typical design values of the thickness of the thermal insulation material when they are put into production and in the case of making changes to the design of the prefabricated system, using new materials of thermal insulation and/or finishing layers, when the technology of their production changes. The article presents the results of testing experimental samples of insulating products with non-ventilated air layers. A comparison of the results with normative indicators of compressive strength, bending strength, impact strength, water absorption and frost resistance was analyzed. Extruded polystyrene has a much higher compressive strength than Styrofoam. The high strength of extruded polystyrene foam is its main advantage and allows it to be used not only as insulation, but also as a building material that sometimes even performs the functions of auxiliary or load-bearing structures. Polymer sand tile, having lower indicators of thermal resistance, achieves high operational indicators, which will allow it to be used for insulation of plinths.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132582870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF POLYMER ADDITIVES ON THE PROPERTIES OF DRIED DRY BUILDING MIXTURES","authors":"Ihor Dudar, Alen Bondar, Dmytro Moroz","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretical prerequisites for obtaining porous mortars modified with polymer additives based on dry construction mixtures and experimental studies on determining the influence of these additives on the parameters of mixture preparation and on the rheological and physico-mechanical properties of porous mortar are presented. \u0000The article presents the results of theoretical-experimental studies of the complex influence of polymer additives on the properties of dry construction mixtures made with an activated mineral component - Portland cement and mineral fillers and microfillers based on local raw materials. The main results of experimental studies of porous compositions of dry mixtures for floors with the addition of polymer additives are given. \u0000It was established that the modification of dry building mixtures based on Portland cement and activated mineral fillers with polymer additives allows to increase by 25-40% the physical and mechanical properties of hardened solutions for floors and to obtain compositions with a compressive strength of up to 16.3 MPa, as well as to significantly improve the rheology of the mortar mixtures and reduce shrinkage phenomena when introducing corrosive additives without increasing the water consumption of the mixture and overusing the binder.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124051968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INFLUENCE FACTORS WHICH IMPACT ON THE BUILDING ENVELOPES ENERGY EFFICIENCY","authors":"Georgy Ratushnyak, Y. Biks, A. Lyalyuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-203-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-203-210","url":null,"abstract":"According to the results of the analysis of research which is dedicated to the development of scientific and methodological basis and practical experience of the organization and management of the technological process, which is aimed to increase the energy efficiency of the thermal insulation shell, the organizational and technological factors of the improvement implementation of building envelopes were identified. It was noted that stimulating the active development of organizational and technological measures to improve the performance of building envelopes’ energy efficiency involves conducting further scientific research to find ways by creating an optimal indoor microclimate. It is expedient to identify the regularities of factors optimization’s methodological basis according to the proposed algorithm of multi-criteria analysis of their influence on the building envelopes’ energy efficiency. To formalize hierarchically the factors affecting the building envelopes’ energy efficiency, it is proposed to classify them according to such parameters as the natural and climatic requirements for the microclimate of the premises according to the building’s purpose, the structural features of the building façades, the physical and mechanical properties of heat-insulating materials, the ecological and economic characteristics of the heat-insulating of building envelopes.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115726733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIMULATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEVICE OF A DEEP PIT OF COMPLEX SHAPES ON NEARBY LOCATED HOUSES","authors":"I. Majewskа, N. Blashchuk, V. Gubashova","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-132-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-132-141","url":null,"abstract":"The most common method of constructing an underground space in the tight working space of an existing building is the construction of a foundation pit fence carried out of piles or the diaphragm wall with a gradual excavation of the soil within the fence. At the same time, it is necessary to develop a reliable design of the fence, which guarantees both the absence of loss of stability by the fence and its limited deformations, and the absence of excessive additional deformations and overloading of adjacent structures that put pressure on the surface of the backfill of the retaining wall, the fence of the excavation. In conditions of the tight working space and a complex shape of the fence structure in terms of plan and height, the use of the developed methods for calculating retaining walls in two-dimensional formulation is incorrect, since it does not take into account the effect of the spatial work of the structural elements of the fence. \u0000Methods for spatial modeling of the stress-strain state of a deep excavation fencing with subsequent excavation of soil for the arrangement of the underground part of the future building are proposed. A pit of a non-linear configuration is considered in a site with a complex topography and inhomogeneous layering of soils. The influence of excavation of a foundation pit on the SSS of a number of unfinished existing buildings located nearby has been studied; the phasing of the work has been taken into account. \u0000Modeling was carried out to substantiate effective design solutions for the installation of pile fencing of the excavation and ensuring the stability of the slopes of the open excavation. \u0000The creation of a three-dimensional calculation model in PLAXIS 3D CONNECT Edition V21.01 made it possible to investigate the impact of the construction of the fence and subsequent excavation on existing buildings located in the close proximity of the pit and to obtain deformations and forces in the structure of the fence itself.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125236495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF WATER EUTROFICATION THREATS IN THE MIDDLE SECTION OF THE SOUTH BUG RIVER BASIN","authors":"Yulia Bilichenko, R. Petruk, Nataliya Kravets","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-181-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2022-2-181-186","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the problem of eutrophication of water bodies in the middle part of the Southern Bug basin, which is becoming more and more relevant in recent years. An increase in the level and concentration of photosynthesizing organisms in water bodies has been established. In the middle part of the South Bug River basin, which is mainly located within the Vinnytsia region, this problem is particularly relevant due to a number of factors, which include regulation, chemical anthropogenic load, chemical agriculture, use of phosphate detergents, high natural content of nutrients in soils of Podillia, etc","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125189756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}