Modern technology, materials and design in construction最新文献

{"title":"MODERN APPROACHES TO RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES AFTER THE WAR","authors":"Ihor Dudar, Artur Brychanskyi","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-153-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-153-158","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines key aspects of post-war urban recovery, focusing on strategies and innovative approaches to urban planning. Special attention is paid to traffic management issues, the \"15-minute city\" concept, and innovative street design principles that define the future of sustainable urban development. In the context of the reconstruction of Ukraine, which is becoming relevant in the conditions of the military conflict, the article is important for architects, urban planners, state and public organizations. Architects and urban planners use strategies of post-war reconstruction, adapting them to the conditions of modern challenges. State and public organizations actively influence decision-making processes and implementation of initiatives to create a sustainable environment in a regenerating city. In particular, traffic management is a key component of the efficient functioning of the city. Modern technologies and data analysis can be used to optimize traffic and facilitate transportation. The \"15-minute city\" concept defines convenient access to basic services and infrastructure within a radius of 15 minutes from any point in the city, contributing to the development of compact and well-developed spaces. The latest principles of street design can transform public space, providing comfort and safety for pedestrians and cyclists. Green spaces, bike paths and recreational infrastructure contribute to a healthy and attractive environment. This paper offers a perspective on the future of regenerated cities, focused on sustainability and efficiency. Integrating innovation into urban planning can identify successful and sustainable strategies for rebuilding cities after military conflict.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIMULATION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF METAL ROD FRAME OF THE GEODESIC DOMES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN","authors":"Volodymyr O. Popov, Alina V. Popova","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-6-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-6-16","url":null,"abstract":"The paper contains the methods of modeling the stress-strain state of the power industrial floor of the warehouse complex intended for storing products on multi-level racks, taking into account the operation of loading and unloading equipment in free space. Have been developed the finite-element model of stress-strain state of the floor under the action of a complex of dead and leave loads on the example of a real warehouse complex, taking into account the design soil conditions, the location of the foundation elements and the features of the installation of racking systems. Have been checked the design reinforcement, selected based on the results of classical calculations taking into account the equivalent pressure on the floor, using the deformation method for reinforced concrete structures. Have been found that the design reinforcement of the floor slab does not satisfy the strength conditions of the bearing floor under the action of concentrated influences from racking columns. Have been found a rational method of reinforcement and the optimal thickness of the bearing floor by sorting out the constructive options. Have been developed structure recommendations for mandatory cutting of seams on the floor in the area adjacent to the building's bearing columns. Have been recommended to reduce the size of the floor boards by cutting additional deformation joints to reduce the intensity of reinforcement. The rational size of the floor board should not exceed 20 × 20 m. Have been proved that the replacement of the actual concentrated influences from the columns of the racks by equivalent uniformly distributed pressures does not adequately reflect the performance of the floor structure and leads to false under-reinforcements of the bearing plate and, as a result, insufficient strength of the floor structures.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS THAT DETERMINE THE SAFETY OF WINDOWS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A BLAST WAVE","authors":"G. Ratushnyak, Volodymyr V. Pankevych","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-42-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-42-48","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the definition and identification of the main factors that determine the safety of residential windows with regard to the blast wave. The author analyzes the regulatory framework that defines the requirements for the safety of window structures in the design of residential buildings. It has been determined that the building codes of Ukraine regulate and standardize two aspects of window safety: protection against intrusion by unauthorized persons and protection against people falling out of residential buildings. The issue of window safety in the event of a blast wave is not currently defined in the regulatory framework. The article considers modern approaches and methods of researching the resistance of windows to blast waves, which are currently represented by the works of scientists from Germany, Great Britain, China, and Ukraine. The location and most possible failure modes of a simple window are determined. The paper analyzes the performance of different types of glass under blast wave action and demonstrates the failure mode of laminated tempered glass. Ways to improve the safety of window structures during a blast wave are presented. Based on the analysis, the factors that affect the safety of windows, in particular when exposed to blast waves, are identified. The factors affecting the safety of windows under the influence of blast waves are divided into four groups. The first group of factors is the area of glass areas of the window. The second group of factors is the stability of the glass unit, which is determined by the type and thickness of the glass, its strength, and the number of glass sheets in the package. The third group of factors is determined by the total area of the window and the quality of its fixing. The fourth group of factors is determined by the location of the building and its proximity to important infrastructure facilities and objects of strategic importance. The necessity of developing a methodology for selecting windows with rational glazing parameters and developing an indicator of the protection of the population in residential buildings from secondary explosion factors is determined.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF CONSTRUCTION AND PLANNING SOLUTIONS FOR RENTAL HOUSING FOR YOUNG FAMILIES","authors":"Andrii Lialiuk, Olena Lialiuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-167-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-167-171","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis and formation of effective strategies in the field of construction and planning of rental housing for young families. The emphasis of the work is on studying the features of urban infrastructure, taking into account the needs of young people in comfortable and functional spaces, as well as considering practical examples and innovative approaches in the field of housing construction. The research aims to determine optimal housing models for young families that meet modern living standards and contribute to the sustainable development of the city. The formation of construction and planning solutions for rental housing for young families has a multifaceted nature. Taking into account their needs, ensuring functionality, environmental friendliness, manufacturability and social adaptation become the key directions of the development of modern residential construction. The conducted studies emphasize that: \"the dissatisfaction of young families with their housing conditions is associated with the following factors: the high cost of renting housing; living with parents or other relatives; small living space; poor technical characteristics of housing. Providing young families with the opportunity to have quality, affordable and functional housing is an important step in creating a stable and healthy society. Taking into account the needs of young families, rational housing should be designed using all energy-saving technologies. So that the purchase of such housing and its further operation corresponded to the family budget. It was established that the development of rental houses in Ukraine is impossible without the participation of private investors, for whom their construction will be profitable only if the state provides preferential conditions for construction. The results of the work can be used as a basis for the development of city strategies and programs aimed at improving living conditions for young people and the overall development of the city.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF ASH PROCESSING IN THE MANUFACTURE OF BUILDING MATERIALS","authors":"O. Bereziuk, M. Lemeshev, Maksym Yu. Stadniichuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research in the work is the waste of thermal energy enterprises, the annual volume of which in Ukraine is 8 million tons, and the increase in occupied land areas is 22 thousand hectares. In EU countries, up to 84% of such waste is recycled. Therefore, forecasting the prevalence of ash processing in the manufacture of building materials in different countries of the world from the main parameters of influence in order to solve the problem of solid industrial waste management is an urgent scientific and technical task. A study of the prevalence of ash processing in the manufacture of building materials in different countries of the world was conducted by planning a second-order experiment using the Box-Wilson method using rotatable central composite planning using the developed software protected by a copyright certificate. The purpose of the study is to determine a regression model for predicting the prevalence of ash processing in the manufacture of building materials in different countries of the world from the main parameters of influence. A regression dependence of forecasting the prevalence of ash processing in the manufacture of building materials on the main parameters of influence was obtained: the country's population density, the value of the gross domestic product per capita, the average geographical latitude of the country. It was established that, according to Fisher's test, the hypothesis about the adequacy of the obtained regression model can be considered correct with 95% confidence. The correlation coefficient was 0.99999, which indicates sufficient reliability of the obtained results. The obtained regression dependence can be used during the development of a construction waste management strategy. It was established that among the factors of influence that were considered, the prevalence of ash processing in the manufacture of building materials is most affected by the value of the gross domestic product per capita, and the least by the population density of the country. Response surfaces of the target function - the prevalence of ash processing in the production of building materials and their two-dimensional sections in the planes of the influence parameters - were constructed.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF RECREATIONAL AND HEALTH COMPLEX FOR MILITARY PERSONNEL IN THE MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS OF UKRAINE","authors":"Alona Bondar, M. Maksymenko, Ivan Safronenko, Vladyslav Kuzmenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-145-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-145-152","url":null,"abstract":"Modern military spaces demand comprehensive solutions to enhance the physical, mental, and social well-being of servicemen. Our research is focused on developing the planning organization for a recreational and health complex for military personnel in the mountainous regions of Ukraine. The emphasis of the work is placed on utilizing natural resources of mountainous terrain to create an effective and environmentally sustainable recreational complex. The possibility of using high-altitude areas for active recreation, mountaineering, and other extreme sports is explored. Special attention is given to the psychological aspects of servicemen's recovery. We propose the creation of specialized zones for psychotherapy and psychological rehabilitation, where innovative methods and technologies are applied to improve mental health. The article also discusses the issue of infrastructure organization of the complex, including living conditions, nutrition, and ensuring safety. Recommendations for establishing effective medical facilities and health and safety provisions within the investigated area are provided. This work aims to provide scientific foundations for planning and organizing recreational and health zones for military personnel in the mountainous regions of Ukraine, contributing to the improvement of the physical and mental well-being of servicemen and enhancing their combat readiness.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SIMULATION OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF METAL ROD FRAME OF THE GEODESIC DOMES FOR RATIONAL DESIGN","authors":"Volodymyr O. Popov, Alina V. Popova, Olena S. Baranetska","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-17-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-17-25","url":null,"abstract":"The paper contains the further developed of method for calculating thin-walled shells with supporting frame in the form of geodesic domes without a stationary foundation. Have been performed the detailed analysis of the fundamental design solutions of frame demountable domes with tent double-layer cover, the inner layer of which serves as a projection screen of three-dimensional cinemas, which are gaining popularity in the amusement industry. Have been developed highly detailed finite element models of dome with a base diameter of 13.5 m, taking into account technological holes and structural elements of rigidity under the influence of wind, snow, ice and other climatic influences. Have been modeled at the same time, various options for connecting the dome frame to the base. Have been proven that the worst influence on the dome structures is the wind influence, based on the stability criterion. Have been proven at also that the frame-rod tented construction of the geodome cannot function safely without reliable connection to the base. Have been identified, areas of the core elements of the frame with the highest internal stresses from various loads for all possible options for connecting the frame to the base. Have been considered the general nature of deformation and possible destruction of the structure, as well as the issue of loss of stability. Have been founded that the most stressed structures include the tent cover and bolted fasteners of the joints of the rod system. Have been proposed a rational method for anchoring frame dome structures at temporary earthen construction sites using geo-screws or metal screw piles. Have been proven the possibility of anchoring the supporting elements of the dome in five polar symmetrical points using ballast. Have been formulated the constructive recommendations regarding the rational design of frame dome systems. Have been developed the technological regulations for the further safe operation of frame geo-domes, and have been outlined the directions for further scientific research on this topic.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CONSTRUCTION","authors":"Olena Lialiuk, R.I. Osypenko","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-172-176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-172-176","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the implementation of artificial intelligence(AI) in the construction industry. The main directions of AI implementation at five stages of designing buildings and structures, organization of construction and operation have been determined. At the first stage of \"Planning and Design\", information on similar construction projects should be collected and analyzed, taking into account financial resources, deadlines, features of buildings and other important factors, use automated design that takes into account geodetic data, geological features, climatic conditions, urban planning requirements, specifications and other factors to optimize the design. At the second stage, \"Assessment of risks and prospects\", AI uses forecasting algorithms to identify possible risks and determine their management strategies. The third stage, \"Resource and supply management\", optimizes logistics to predict building material needs and automates supply chain management, employee scheduling using machine learning algorithms to predict labor needs and optimize schedules. The fourth stage, \"Automation and Monitoring\", uses automated systems and drones controlled by artificial intelligence to perform routine and dangerous tasks on the construction site, and deploys a monitoring system that tracks the progress of construction work and other key parameters in real time.At the fifth stage, \"Quality assessment and analysis of the completed project\", data analysis is used to assess the quality of the completed work, automated verification of the completed work and determination of compliance with DBN standards, the technical task for the design, analysis of planning and spent resources. The application of artificial intelligence is considered on the example of resource planning in construction, which may include the use of various mathematical models and algorithms to optimize the use of resources. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of artificial intelligence and the prospects for its development in the construction industry are indicated.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMALIZATION AND HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF INFLUENCE ON THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ENCLOSURE STRUCTURES OF BUILDINGS","authors":"G. Ratushnyak, Y. Biks, A. Lyalyuk","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-98-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-98-103","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the results of the analysis of research on the development of scientific and methodological foundations and practical experience of organizing and managing the technological process to increase the energy efficiency of buildings, the main factors influencing the amount of energy costs during the life cycle to ensure the standard sanitary and hygienic parameters of the premises were identified. The necessity of identifying the regularities of the methodological foundations of optimization of factors influencing the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings is emphasized. It is pointed out the expediency of taking into account the total energy consumption during all stages of the life cycle of buildings when determining the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings. Mathematical modeling of multi-parameter assessment of energy efficiency of building enclosing structures is expedient to be performed using the method of fuzzy logic and linguistic variables. The proposed hierarchical classification and formalization of the parameters influencing the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings, which are a fuzzy knowledge base combining linguistic assessments of input and output factors that affect the target function, are given. The total energy expenditure for the entire life cycle to ensure the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings at the system level as a linguistic variable is characterized by functional dependence on the linguistic variables that characterize the energy expenditure for capital construction, operation and recycling of materials. The generalized model of the relationship between the parameters of influence at the system level on ensuring the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings as their hierarchical classification is presented in the form of a logical conclusion tree. The root of the logical conclusion tree determines the total energy consumption to ensure the energy efficiency of the enclosing structures of buildings, and the hanging vertices are the determining parameters of influence, the variation of which allows finding the optimal value of the objective function according to the specified criteria.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF IMPROVEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIN HEAT ACCUMULATING INSTALLATIONS AND MATERIALS","authors":"Ivan V. Kots, O. Pankevych, Oleh Badiaka","doi":"10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-159-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31649/2311-1429-2023-2-159-166","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of heat storage technologies as the main energy saving measure. The paper conducts a patent search and analyzes scientific papers that cover the issue and present the main material of existing technologies for thermal energy storage. The classification of the main types of heat accumulators (HA) and heat storage materials (HSM) is presented. Heat accumulators are classified: by the nature of accumulation; by the level of operating temperatures; by the duration of the charge-discharge period. The differences and design features of TAMs, advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The main heat storage materials that are actually used or can be used in the future are identified. The thermophysical properties of heat storage materials, such as specific heat capacity, melting point, density, and density, are described. The methodology for calculating the volume of capacitive and phase-transition heat accumulators is determined based on the following initial data: the type of heat storage material, the type and thermal characteristics of the heat carrier, and the temperature drop of the heat storage material. Examples of the practical use of capacitive batteries are given, in particular, a tank battery in a solar heating system, as well as a gravel battery in a solar vegetable garden. The use of crystalline hydrates and organic low-melting compounds (fatty acids and paraffins) as phase-transition heat storage materials is described. The characteristics of thermochemical thermal accumulators, their principle of operation, and their advantages over capacitive and phase-transition accumulation units are presented. The reactions of enrichment of traditional carbon fuels are described, and examples of reactions that can be used as heat storage processes are given. Prospects for further research are identified.","PeriodicalId":221366,"journal":{"name":"Modern technology, materials and design in construction","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139143487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}