Accounting. Analysis. Auditing最新文献

{"title":"Russian Practice of Applying Hedge Accounting","authors":"P. Pan’kov","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-67-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-67-77","url":null,"abstract":"Currently there are no comprehensive empirical studies in the scientific literature regarding hedge accounting in non-financial organizations of the Russian Federation for the period from 2010 to 2021, which does not allow us to identify trends, problematic aspects and potential directions for the development of accounting technology in close connection with real practice. The purpose of the study is to analyze the results of scientific work carried out on this topic. The author of the article substantiates the need to analyze Russian practice in the field of hedge accounting, and also studies the experience of its application, including analysis in the context of separate companies. The theoretical basis of the study was the provisions of IFRS and US GAAP in terms of derivatives and hedge accounting, literature sources on the topic and the empirical basis — is the annual consolidated financial statements of 22 Russian companies for the period from 2010 to 2021. It has been revealed that the main thing in non-financial organizations is cash flow hedge accounting. It has been established that there is a gap between the facts of risk reduction or mitigation based on derivatives and the application of hedge accounting to them, which is evidence of the conscious refusal of some companies to apply this accounting methodology. The analysis of the identified cases of hedge accounting shows the examples of using exchange differences for hedging (rather than derivatives); also, the adaptation of fair value hedging to the practice of non-financial organizations is considered. The results of the study will be useful for non-financial organizations that have not applied, but consider hedging and related accounting features as a promising area of activity; researchers and consultants in the field of futures and derivatives market development and risk management.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140230769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accounting for complementary currency transactions (the case for France)","authors":"L. A. Shiryaeva","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-78-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-78-87","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to analyze the complementary currencies projects (СС-projects) implemented in France during the last decades. The active promotion of those projects in various countries has highlighted the problem of accounting and tax accounting for transactions of the currencies supplementing the national ones as a means of payment. There were questions about how to reflect and record such payments in invoices; whether it is necessary to purchase additional software for the cash register, etc. The author of the article proved that the use of complementary currencies does not significantly affect the billing and cash accounting, as well as the collection of commercial taxes, since the sales are always recorded in the national currency and in the same currency are transferred to accounting for further documentation (in this case, in euros). The tax reporting within the CC-projects is identical to the standard formalized one, however, the payment terms contained in it include an additional payment method. the methodological basis of the study was a system- functional approach and comparativistics. the results of the work have revealed the specifics and key problems of forming a legislative framework for innovative projects aimed at introducing new effective payment instruments into the sphere of commodity- money relations at the regional and local levels, and may be of interest to economists and representatives or specialists of taxation and financial services of Russia.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the development of digital audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan in the context of the transition to the digital economy.","authors":"V. I. Berezuk","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-27-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-27-38","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the development of digital audit in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the implementation of which is designed to ensure the transparency of business processes that are most susceptible to corruption. The purpose of the research is to study promising directions for the development of digitalization in auditing activities. The author has established the fact that the economic security of the country and its further development depend on this. The solution to the problems posed in the work was carried out on the basis of the application of general scientific research methods within the framework of comparative, logical and statistical analysis of structure and dynamics, graphic interpretation of information, etc. The practical significance of the study is confirmed by the definition of a set of practical recommendations for improving digital audit. The work provides data that can complement existing approaches to conducting digital audits and identify its role at the present stage. Data obtained in the process of studying scientific literature and regulatory and legal sources indicate that in modern conditions there are problems that acutely affect the process of digitalization of the economy of Kazakhstan and require immediate solutions. Among them is the improvement of the country’s economic policy in the field of development of the audit services market. The recommendations proposed by the author of the article are intended to help in resolving issues related to conducting a digital audit, as well as identifying new approaches to theoretical and applied research in the field of digitalization of business processes and can be useful to specialists in accounting and auditing, students, masters, doctoral students.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"28 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"National concept for the development of integrated reporting in Russia","authors":"N. Malinovskaya","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-6-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-6-13","url":null,"abstract":"The growing attention of the state to the issues of national sovereignty in different areas has predetermined the urgency of considering the current state of affairs in the field of corporate reporting from this position. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the need for institutionalization of the concept of integrated reporting as the model of corporate reporting that best meets national interests. Based on a study of Russian and foreign practice of normative regulation of corporate reporting, as well as transformation processes to standardize reporting in the field of sustainable development that have occurred in the last few years on a global scale, the need to replace the Concept for the development of non-financial reporting with the national concept for the development of integrated reporting is substantiated. The author proposed to empower the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation with the function of a regulator in the field of integrated reporting, which will allow to develop a system of standards for the latter, interconnected with the federal accounting standards and aimed at providing a holistic view of an economic entity. The article identifies the main elements of the institutional environment necessary for the introduction of integrated reporting into management practice. The research was carried out using such general scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, abstraction. Its results may be of interest to national regulators of corporate reporting, the scientific and professional community, as well as economic entities interested in increasing transparency and accountability.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of settlements with debtors based on the quality indicatorof turnover.","authors":"V. A. Chernov","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-50-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-50-57","url":null,"abstract":"The aggravation of relations in the field of global finance, the change of international partners and disruption of international economic relations cause the need to strengthen payment discipline and accelerate payments, which is especially important in the context of the expansion of new associations of states. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have also led to a reduction in the liquidity of organizations and increased the need for funds. Timely repayment of accounts receivable increases the availability of cash to suppliers, and the acceleration of settlements contributes to an increase in available funds, which makes it possible to use them additionally in commercial turnover. The purpose of the study was to improve the system of settlements (based on their turnover) with debtors and rational distribution of the terms of cash refunds using the matrix method. The existing systems for assessing financial and cash flows in settlements with debtors and the indicators used for this purpose do not always express the dependent relationship between the growth of sales revenue, the turnover of accounts receivable and the degree of its repayment. In this regard, the objective of the study was to improve the existing indicators of the analysis of accounts receivable. The article examines the methods of accounts receivable management integrated into the system based on a client- oriented approach. In the course of the work the methods of comparison, statistics, mathematical modeling were used. A system for tracking the balances of accounts receivable, comparing them with sales volumes and turnover indicators is proposed. The author formulated the concept of the cycle of accounts receivable circulation. It is revealed that the use of indicators of turnover of accounts receivable and sales volume do not accurately reflect the quality of repayment of accounts receivable, their interdependence and do not disclose the possibility of additional release of funds from settlements with debtors. To solve this problem, a new indicator has been introduced — the rate of repayment of receivables. An approach is proposed to substantiate the expediency and feasibility of accelerating payments based on the elasticity of revenue or proceeds from the sale of products, works and services to the rate of repayment of receivables. The results of the research were the creation of a system for tracking receivables balances and comparing them with sales volumes and turnover indicators, which can be useful for organisations selling products, works and services under credit agreement to accelerate cash receipts.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"12 s1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corporate ESG Information Disclosures","authors":"E. V. Morozova","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-39-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-39-49","url":null,"abstract":"the purpose of the study was to assess the compliance of modern ESG reporting with the expectations formulated in the UN Global Compact (UNGC) report “Who Cares Wins”, and its subject is corporate ESG information as an element of improving the functioning of financial markets and society as a whole. The work used such general scientific research methods as analysis, abstraction, generalization, induction, and analogy. The author shows that despite the quantitative growth of ESG reports and the development of guidelines for the disclosure of ESG information, there are still difficulties and challenges in measuring the effectiveness of E&S activities and corporate ESG sustainability, and the interest in establishing and defining the connection between ESG and financial indicators continues; the concept of materiality in ESG reporting is characterized by a different and uneven ranking of priorities of ESG activities, as well as the distinction between financially material and financially non-material sustainability issues; currently, increasing the disclosure of corporate ESG information does not improve public confidence in sustainability efforts and results. In the course of the work, a review of publications on the measurement and disclosure of corporate ESG indicators was carried out. the conclusions drawn indicate that modern ESG reporting has partially overcome the shortcomings formulated in the UN Global Compact “Who Cares Wins”. Progress has been made in standardizing, measuring, disclosing, and publishing ESG information, but it is still considered to lack consistency and reliability. Moreover, it does not make a convincing case for its impact on company value. the results of the study — an analysis of the concept of strengthening the sustainability of financial markets and the role of ESG reporting — can be useful in theoretical research in the field of non-financial reporting.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"101 4‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140228207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"reflection of digital financial transactions in russian accounting records","authors":"N. A. Lasareva","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2023-11-1-58-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2023-11-1-58-66","url":null,"abstract":"Digital transactions have become an integral part of modern business. With the growing popularity of digital technologies, electronic document management, and the development of Internet commerce, accountants are increasingly faced with the need to correctly record and account for these transactions. The current regulatory framework in the Russian Federation does not clearly define the positions of digital financial assets (DFAs), and there are no methodological guidelines for accounting for digital financial transactions and their reflection in reporting. The purpose of this study was to examine the fundamental transformations taking place in the system of accounting for new assets and transactions carried out with their use in the era of digitalization of the economy. The article discusses issues related to the development of the methodology of this type of accounting, the rationale for the need to separate it into a specialised area; a system of accounts for recording digital financial assets and transactions is presented. To systematize the reflection of digital transactions, it is proposed to identify stages that determine the procedure for accounting and generating information on transactions with digital roubles, digital financial assets, cryptocurrency, as well as digital transactions. The methodology of the conducted research is characterized by the use of specific scientific and general scientific methods — a historical approach, systematization of empirical and theoretical research, analysis and synthesis. The importance and relevance of the study are determined by the fact that the author identifies the main directions that establish the problems of accounting for digital types of property and the prospects for transactions with their participation. A system of accounting entries covering a wide range of business transactions involving DFA (digital financial assets) will be of interest to government agencies involved in the development of regulations governing the procedure for carrying out digital transactions, DFA market participants, practicing accountants, as well as top management for developing a strategy for the digitalization of accounting in the company and the generation of financial statements of a new format.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"75 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"development of the Scientific School of the financial university in the field of accounting-analytical and control Systems in the Modern Economy","authors":"R. Bulyga, M. V. Melnik","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-88-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-88-102","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the formation and development of the scientific school of accounting, analytical and control systems of the Financial University. As the basic provisions of the school, the principle of methodological unity of accounting, analysis and audit (control) and its role in information support and decision- making at different levels of management, harmonization and interconnection of methodological documents used by different governing bodies to regulate the activities of economic entities of the main organizational and legal forms At the same time, an organization with a risk-oriented approach, a consistent increase in efficiency and the implementation of a development strategy for managed objects is ensured, which is the basis for the compliance of legislative, regulatory acts and methodological documents adopted at different levels. The following areas of research have been identified as key issues of updating and adapting the school to the modern stage of economic development: improving the methodology and methodology for developing reporting of economic entities, taking into account changes in their organizational structures (corporate reporting), including consolidated reporting, reporting in the format of sustainable development, containing a wide range of non-financial information (ESG agenda) and integrated reporting, as well as strengthening the role of internal (production, management) control, based on new opportunities, information and communication systems; the formation of internal and external control and audit systems of various directions, facilitating reliable feedback between production and management bodies; strengthening and developing the interaction of accounting systems (accounting, operational production, statistical) of all levels to create on this basis high-quality databases for information support of management; increasing the efficiency of all parts of the national economy and implementing the strategy for the development of the economy of the country, regions and industries. When considering these issues, the evolution of scientific research is shown, in which specialists from the Financial University and other leading universities in Russia participate. Within the Financial University, the school of accounting, analytical and control systems in the modern economy is headed by Roman Petrovich Bulyga, Doctor of Economics, postgraduate professor and doctoral student at the Financial University, head of the Department of Economic Analysis and Audit, Department of Audit and Corporate Reporting, and currently — Department of Audit and Corporate Reporting.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"54 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Transformation Processes in the Economy Using the Example of the IT Industry","authors":"V. Kogdenko","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-14-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2024-11-1-14-26","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to develop and test a methodology for monitoring transformation processes in the economy that intensified after the introduction of sanctions by Western countries (on the example of the IT-industry). The methodology is based on the Harvard paradigm of industry analysis (Structure- Conduct- Performance) and includes five stages. At the first, the basic conditions of the industry are assessed and the demographics of enterprises, industry barriers, intensity of competition and economies of scale are analyzed. The second analyzes the market structure that has developed in the industry and the intensity of competition using the concentration coefficient and the Herfindahl- Hirschman index. At the third stage, the behavior of industry enterprises is analyzed on the basis of summary statements and consolidated reports, as well as median values of indicators for enterprises. In the course of analyzing the behavior of enterprises, their market and operational efficiency, investment and financial activity are assessed. The type of growth and productivity of production factors is established by constructing the industry production function. Particular attention is paid to indicators of transformation processes — added value, labor productivity and return on capital. At the fourth stage, industry enterprises are grouped into four groups according to D. Birch’s method: fast-growing enterprises, large businesses, enterprises implementing an aggressive investment strategy and the rest of small businesses. At the fifth stage, indicators of the effectiveness of state economic policy are assessed. Calculations performed based on data from 2,451 enterprises in the IT industry showed that transformation processes in the industry have intensified, new enterprises are entering the industry, their operational and market activity is increasing, non-current assets and equity capital are growing. However, payments for investment activities do not allow us to draw an unambiguous conclusion about high investment activity; in addition, there is no significant influx of long-term borrowed capital into the industry, which hinders its development. Positive changes in the industry are largely associated with active government policy, which promotes the transition to domestic software, influencing the methods of fiscal policy, while monetary policy instruments are not used actively enough. The methodological basis of the study was formed by general scientific principles and methods: abstraction, generalisation of approaches of foreign and domestic authors to sectoral analysis, grouping, comparison, generalisation, as well as economic and mathematical methods. The result of the work is the methodology of industry monitoring, as well as the indicators of IT-industry development for the period 2018–2022 obtained during its testing. The article may be useful for analysts assessing the development of industries within the framework of industry analysis o","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"45 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistics of the Audit Market in China","authors":"Ya. Liu","doi":"10.26794/2408-9303-2023-10-6-82-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2023-10-6-82-92","url":null,"abstract":"As the world’s second-largest economy, China has seen an increase in demand for auditing services in recent years. Auditing plays the role of “economic police” and is of great significance to the healthy and orderly development of the market economy. This study does not only enrich the theoretical study of China’s audit market, but also offers suggestions for its improvement, which have practical significance for the sustainable development of China’s audit market. The purpose of this study is to examine the situation on audit market in China, analyze its scale as well as the dynamics of audit in listed companies. As a methodological basis, the author used the works of the Russian scientist E. M. Gutzeit and reports on the audit market of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation. The study reveals that the audit market in China is characterized by intense growth and concentration of large and medium-sized audit organizations; it is still dominated by traditional audit services; audit fees for listed companies are positively correlated with the size of the latter’s assets. The market leaders are the Big Four — Pricewaterhouse Coopers, Deloitte & Touche, Ernst & Young and KPMG. This study gives recommendations to the Ministry of Finance of China and the Chinese Institute of Certified Public Accountants: it is necessary to improve the system of state regulation of the audit market and encourage the establishment of self-regulation mechanisms; to actively expand the scope of audit organizations; to strengthen the branding of domestic audit companies.","PeriodicalId":221305,"journal":{"name":"Accounting. Analysis. Auditing","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139842048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}