The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy最新文献

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.46

E. Karwowski

{"title":"Financialization in South Africa","authors":"E. Karwowski","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.46","url":null,"abstract":"Financialization has become a popular concept across the social sciences, usually defined as the increasing role of financial motives, financial markets, financial actors, and financial institutions in the operation of the domestic and international economies. Financialization researchers highlight the detrimental consequences of an excessively large and powerful financial sector on economy and society. In South Africa, financialization has been shaped by its colonial and apartheid past, especially the strong links of South African corporations and banks to the international financial centre of London. Low growth and investment, an outcome of the finance-led accumulation regime, have also resulted in the continuity of extreme inequality and high levels of unemployment. In the Global South, financialization mainly affects emerging economies since they possess relatively developed financial markets in comparison to poorer countries. South Africa is the only African economy for which there is a substantial financialization literature. In comparison to other emerging economies, South Africa is relatively strongly financialized as stock market capitalization is extremely high, making Johannesburg one of the top financial centres in the Global South. Furthermore, financial inflows into the country are comparatively large, JSE-listed companies are well integrated into global value chains and household debt is high.","PeriodicalId":220950,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115456094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corporate Structure, Industrial Development, and Structural Change in South Africa 南非的公司结构、产业发展和结构变化

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.17

P. Mondliwa, S. Roberts

引用次数: 1

Politics and Economic Policymaking in South Africa since 1994 1994年以来南非的政治和经济决策

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.4

Alan Hirsch, B. Levy, Musawenkosi Nxele

引用次数: 0

Public Finance and Fiscal Policy in South Africa 南非的公共财政和财政政策

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.42

T. Ajam

引用次数: 0

Agro-processing Industries in the South AfricaN Economy 南非经济中的农产品加工业

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.11

Horman Chitonge

{"title":"Agro-processing Industries in the South AfricaN Economy","authors":"Horman Chitonge","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.11","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides an overview of the agro-processing sector in the South African economy, focusing on the sector’s potential to contribute to inclusive growth through high value-added activities. The chapter shows that agro-processing industries have been the largest subsector of the manufacturing sector in the country since the 1970s, accounting for the largest share of both manufacturing output and employment. Apart from being the largest segment of the manufacturing sector, agro-processing industries have the potential to contribute to the broader national objective of transforming the structure of the economy through the creation of jobs and business opportunities for new small and medium enterprises on both sides of the agro-processing value chains. Employment creation potential lies in the fact that most agro-processing industries are labour intensive. Agro-processing industries, on average, use 40 per cent more labour per unit of capital relative to the manufacturing sector as a whole. However, the challenge is that several of the most labour-intensive agro-processing industries are experiencing declining or stagnating value-added, investment, and, most importantly, employment levels. Consistent and coordinated implementation of strategies which revive dynamism in labour-intensive industries is required to overcome this challenge.","PeriodicalId":220950,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127592302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Southern African Regional Value Chains and Integration 南部非洲区域价值链与一体化

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.49

Reena das Nair

引用次数: 0

Banking and Finance in South Africa 南非的银行和金融

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.45

Penelope Hawkins

{"title":"Banking and Finance in South Africa","authors":"Penelope Hawkins","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The importance of the financial sector is widely recognized by the public––who use and benefit from the products and services of the different financial industries––bank loans, insurance products, investments, and the payments system (to name a few). This chapter describes the different financial intermediaries, financial auxiliaries, and financial market infrastructure that comprise the sophisticated South African financial sector. Emphasis is placed on the banks whose liabilities (deposits) are uniquely the means of payment (money) and whose assets are loans to businesses, households, and the government. The role of banks is straightforward, but their basic fragility and risks they face in an uncertain world are complex. Failure of a major financial intermediary within the context of a deeply integrated system will have significant costs for the rest of the economy. For this reason, regulation tends to err on the side of caution, where stability is prioritized. This leads to a system where conservativism rules and profitability for the systemically important institutions is virtually assured. The chapter argues for greater awareness of the regulatory compromises given that the success of the sector is not costless to society.","PeriodicalId":220950,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133732602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agriculture in South Africa 南非的农业

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.10

W. Sihlobo, Johann Kirsten

引用次数: 0

South Africa’s Economic Role in Africa 南非在非洲的经济作用

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.50

Mills Soko, Mzukisi Qobo

引用次数: 0

Inequality in South Africa 南非的不平等

The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.9

M. Leibbrandt, Fabio Andrés Díaz Pabón

{"title":"Inequality in South Africa","authors":"M. Leibbrandt, Fabio Andrés Díaz Pabón","doi":"10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780192894199.013.9","url":null,"abstract":"Post-apartheid South Africa inherited one of the most unequal societies in the world in 1994 and inequality has featured prominently as a key socio-economic and policy challenge over the post-apartheid period. Yet, despite policy interventions aimed at reducing inequality, these high levels of inequality remain in place. Such persistence demands a better understanding of the mechanisms that reproduce and create inequalities. We start by consolidating the extensive research on South Africa’s income inequality and the emerging literature on wealth inequality. We go on to explore the interactions between these economic inequalities, spatial inequality and two key categorical inequalities, gender and race. These inequalities work collectively to stifle opportunity and agency in contemporary South Africa. We show this through the lens of recent work on social mobility that highlights very low levels of social mobility and the precariousness of upward mobility. We conclude by reviewing policies to overcome inequality against this prevailing reality. Some of these policies have addressed important drivers of inequality, but in isolation. This chapter has shown that such an approach will have limited effectiveness. A coherent, integrated approach is required. Derivatively, there is an urgent need for further interdisciplinary research on how to break these inequality traps.","PeriodicalId":220950,"journal":{"name":"The Oxford Handbook of the South African Economy","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128443523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0