Substance and alcohol actions/misuse最新文献

Definitions, models, and methods in research on sociocultural factors in American Indian alcohol use. 美国印第安人饮酒社会文化因素研究的定义、模型和方法。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

R D Walker, D R Kivlahan

{"title":"Definitions, models, and methods in research on sociocultural factors in American Indian alcohol use.","authors":"R D Walker, D R Kivlahan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a critical discussion of the definitions, conceptual models, and methodological issues that researchers should consider in studies of sociocultural influences on drinking practices and problems. In particular, these concerns are related to studies of American Indian and Alaskan Native people. In an effort to avoid overgeneralized explanatory statements, it is recommended that efforts be made to study more specific aspects of such loosely defined terms as culture, alcoholism, and \"Indianness.\" Research in this area might usefully be guided by parsimonious conceptual models developed and investigated in the dominant culture; however the extent to which relationships observed within one group generalized to another group remains an empirical question. While there may be a common set of operationalizing variables and collecting valid data cannot be assumed to have equal applicability with different subgroups. By remaining sensitive to the methodological implications of sociocultural differences, investigators can more accurately clarify the processes by which complex biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors influence alcohol use and misuse in any individual or group.","PeriodicalId":22076,"journal":{"name":"Substance and alcohol actions/misuse","volume":"5 1","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17521366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A survey of findings on the economic and regulatory determinants of the demand for alcoholic beverages. 关于酒精饮料需求的经济和管制决定因素的调查结果。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

S I Ornstein

引用次数: 0

Temporal changes in liver, blood, and brain glucose, glycogen, and beta-hydroxybutyrate after ethanol in C57BL/6J mice. C57BL/6J小鼠经乙醇处理后肝脏、血液和脑葡萄糖、糖原和β -羟基丁酸酯的时间变化。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

R A Schreiber, A L Ungar

{"title":"Temporal changes in liver, blood, and brain glucose, glycogen, and beta-hydroxybutyrate after ethanol in C57BL/6J mice.","authors":"R A Schreiber, A L Ungar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The time courses of changes in levels of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB), glucose (GLC), and glycogen (GLY) were measured hourly for 7 h after i.p. 2 g/kg ethanol (ETOH) in samples of liver, blood, and brain in 21 day old C57BL/6J mice. After acute ETOH, brain GLC remained at 2.1 mmol/kg for 2 h, fell to a low of 1.5 mmol/kg at 5 h, then rose slightly. Blood GLC remained near 8 mmol/kg until 3 h, then fell. Liver GLC fell steadily from 10.2 to 7.2 mmol/kg at 7 h. Brain GLY rose from 1.7 to 2.9 mmol/kg at 3 h, then fell steadily. Blood GLY increased from 2.7 to 4.6 mmol/kg at 2 h, then fell to 1.7 mmol/kg. Liver GLY decreased from 70 to 30 mmol/kg. BOHB changes were similar in all samples. BOHB in brain fell from 0.12 to 0.08 mmol/kg at 2 to 3 h; then rose steadily to 0.27 mmol/kg at 7 h. Blood and liver BOHB fell from 0.40 to 0.25 mmol/kg, then rose to 1.0 mmol/kg. In a previous study, susceptibility to audiogenic seizures after 2 g/kg ETOH was completely suppressed for up to 1 h, then susceptibility increased to a maximum at 5 1/2 h, when a period of potentiation was observed. In this study, brain GLY levels were increased during the period of protection, and brain GLC levels were decreased during the period of potentiation. Together, these data may lend support to an hypothesis of an indirect effect of ETOH on the brain, leading to changes in susceptibility to audiogenic seizures via changes in metabolite availability.","PeriodicalId":22076,"journal":{"name":"Substance and alcohol actions/misuse","volume":"5 5","pages":"255-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17590693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of congeners in the effects of different alcoholic beverages. 同源物在不同酒精饮料作用中的作用。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

J L York

引用次数: 0

Phencyclidine-like discriminative stimulus properties of the stereoisomers of dioxadrol. 二恶二醇立体异构体的类苯环利定判别刺激性质。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

B L Slifer, R L Balster

引用次数: 0

A rapid, quantitative in vivo assay for narcotic antagonists. 一种快速、定量的体内麻醉拮抗剂测定方法。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

M J Katovich, J W Simpkins, I C Song, N Bodor, R Tuttle

{"title":"A rapid, quantitative in vivo assay for narcotic antagonists.","authors":"M J Katovich, J W Simpkins, I C Song, N Bodor, R Tuttle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Tail skin temperature (TST) response of morphine-dependent rats was evaluated as a potential in vivo assay for the activity of narcotic antagonists. Dependency was produced in rats by repeated subcutaneous implantation of morphine-containing pellets and TST was evaluated by thermistor probes attached to the dorsal surface of the tail. TST was determined prior to and following administration of either naloxone (NAL: 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg body weight); naltrexone (NALT: 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02 or 0.1 mg/kg body weight); or 6-Desoxy-6-methylenenaltrexone (DM-NALT: 0.001, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02 or 0.1 mg/kg body weight). Each of the narcotic antagonists caused a dose-dependent increase in tail skin temperature in morphine dependent rats. The initial TST increase was observed by 5 minutes and the maximal TST response occurred 15 to 25 minutes after drug administration. For each drug evaluated, a linear relationship was observed between the dose and maximal change in TST and between the dose and the area under the TST response curve. Determination of ED50 for the TST response revealed the expected relative potency for the narcotic antagonists evaluated: DM-NALT greater than NALT greater than NAL. Thus, the TST-response test is a rapid and quantitative bioassay for the evaluation of compounds for narcotic antagonistic activity.","PeriodicalId":22076,"journal":{"name":"Substance and alcohol actions/misuse","volume":"5 2","pages":"87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17597854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity to X ray irradiation of alcohol treated glioma cells in culture. 酒精处理的神经胶质瘤细胞对X射线辐照的敏感性。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

M Ledig, P Pillement, G Devilliers, P Mandel

引用次数: 0

Alcohol consumption and systolic blood pressure in the general population. 普通人群的酒精摄入量和收缩压

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

J W Welte, H B Greizerstein

引用次数: 0

Effect of chronic administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the endogenous opioid peptide and catecholamine levels in the diencephalon and plasma of the rat. 9-四氢大麻酚对大鼠间脑和血浆内源性阿片肽和儿茶酚胺水平的影响。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

M S Kumar, V Patel, W J Millard

{"title":"Effect of chronic administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the endogenous opioid peptide and catecholamine levels in the diencephalon and plasma of the rat.","authors":"M S Kumar, V Patel, W J Millard","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of chronic administration of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC) on the endogenous opiate and catecholamine levels was investigated. Intact male rats were injected daily either with vehicle (50 microliters oil) or delta 9-THC in oil (3 mg delta 9-THC/kg body wt). The treatments were administered subcutaneously over a period of 25 days. All animals were decapitated after the last injection and trunk plasma was assayed for prolactin, beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (beta-end LI), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and dopamine (DA). The preoptic area (POA) and medial basal hypothalamus were assayed for methionine enkephalin, beta-endorphin and catecholamines. Chronic delta 9-THC treatment resulted in an increase in POA and MBH methioine-enkephalin and beta-end LI as well as an increase in plasma beta-end LI. The POA, MBH and plasma NE and E levels were lower in these animals when compared with the controls. In the MBH, however, the delta 9-THC treated rats contained higher DA and DOPAC levels when compared with the controls. These results support our view that chronic delta 9-THC administration alters the activities of the endogenous opiate system as well as the catecholaminergic system and consequently impairs the endocrine functions.","PeriodicalId":22076,"journal":{"name":"Substance and alcohol actions/misuse","volume":"5 4","pages":"201-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17164390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers to treatment of alcoholic women. 治疗酗酒妇女的障碍。

Substance and alcohol actions/misuse Pub Date : 1984-01-01

M Vannicelli

引用次数: 0