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Representations of Western Opium Consumption in China: Informal Empire, Medicine and Modernity, 1840–1930 西方鸦片消费在中国的表现:非正式帝国、医学与现代性，1840-1930
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-13 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad025
L. J. Sweeney
{"title":"Representations of Western Opium Consumption in China: Informal Empire, Medicine and Modernity, 1840–1930","authors":"L. J. Sweeney","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad025","url":null,"abstract":"Opium was of central importance to the expansion of western informal empire in China, and became a cipher for contested questions of moral authority, racial hierarchy, scientific knowledge, civilisation and modernity. Westerners involved in the opium trade were imbued with an ethos of ‘distancing’ from Chinese culture and lifestyles, including the smoking of opium, and it has been assumed that westerners largely adhered to these boundaries. However, a small minority of westerners did smoke opium in China, notably medical professionals and other elites. The nature of, and response to, these transgressions is highly revealing of the era’s shifting conceptions of racial hierarchy, medical science, religious morality and ultimately the advent of modernity.","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47584521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Buying into Reproductive Modernity: Tracing the Transnational History of Two Contraceptives in Britain and China 购买生殖现代性：追溯英国和中国两种避孕药具的跨国历史
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-13 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad007
Sarah Mellors Rodriguez
{"title":"Buying into Reproductive Modernity: Tracing the Transnational History of Two Contraceptives in Britain and China","authors":"Sarah Mellors Rodriguez","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Set in the early twentieth century, this article maps the parallel histories of two popular contraceptive pessaries: ‘Wife’s Friend’ in Britain and ‘Lady’s Friend’ in China. Despite their limited efficacy, both products became commercially successful in their respective markets. Drawing on news articles and opinion columns, this article investigates how these two similar products were marketed to different demographics and adapted to meet the needs of local consumers, highlighting the ways in which medicines take on new meanings in different social and historical contexts. At the same time, the case of ‘Wife’s Friend’ and ‘Lady’s Friend’ pessaries also exposes the blurriness between the categories of Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine and the shortcomings of both types of medicine in the early twentieth century. Ultimately, this research shows that interrogating medicine from a comparative transnational perspective can yield new insights into the relationship between commercialisation, modernity and perceptions of health.","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49467863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Antonio Carbone, Epidemic Cities Antonio Carbone，流行病城市
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad023
Michael Zeheter
{"title":"Antonio Carbone, Epidemic Cities","authors":"Michael Zeheter","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48501288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Efficiency of Bacterial Vaccines on Mortality during the 'Spanish' Influenza Pandemic of 1918-19. 1918-19年“西班牙”流感大流行期间细菌疫苗对死亡率的影响。
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-08 eCollection Date: 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad012
David T Roth
{"title":"The Efficiency of Bacterial Vaccines on Mortality during the 'Spanish' Influenza Pandemic of 1918-19.","authors":"David T Roth","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/shm/hkad012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The worldwide 'Spanish' influenza pandemic of 1918-19, which extended into the 1920s, infected more than a third of the world's population and killed an estimated 50-100 million people, more than the civilian and military casualties of World War I. Present-day medical scholars, journalists, and other commentators have often ignored, downplayed or treated with scepticism the role of bacterial vaccines in reducing mortality during the pandemic. There have been repeated claims in this century that these vaccines were 'useless', 'concocted', and possibly harmful. Focussing on the Australian scene, I show that bacterial vaccines from reputable sources did indeed reduce mortality, perhaps to a greater extent in some cases than modern anti-viral influenza vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":"36 2","pages":"219-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10568242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41238588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lynn McDonald, Florence Nightingale and the Medical Men: Working Together for Health Care Reform 林恩·麦克唐纳，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔和医务人员:为医疗改革而共同努力
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad027
Richard Bates
{"title":"Lynn McDonald, Florence Nightingale and the Medical Men: Working Together for Health Care Reform","authors":"Richard Bates","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Negotiating Shanghai Mercy Hospital: Philanthropy, Business and Control of Madness in Republican China 谈上海仁爱医院:民国的慈善、商业与疯狂控制
2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad019
Jinping Ma
{"title":"Negotiating Shanghai Mercy Hospital: Philanthropy, Business and Control of Madness in Republican China","authors":"Jinping Ma","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad019","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This study examines the initiation and administration of Mercy Hospital in Republican Shanghai. It explains the protracted negotiations that underpinned the collaboration between the Chinese founder Lu Bohong, the Shanghai Municipal Council (SMC) of the International Settlement and the Municipal Administration (FMA) of the French Concession. Despite mutual needs for a psychiatric hospital, the collaboration was undermined by disputes over funding shares and administrative direction. While Lu expected a symbolic modern philanthropy, the SMC and FMA saw it as an economic tool to relieve the responsibility of regulating refugees and the increasing mental patients. They repeatedly forced Lu to make concessions with financial instruments, but ended up non-cooperation, leading the patrons to compromise to keep their problem solver. However, after Lu’s murder and the subsequent dysfunction of the Chinese municipal government, the SMC and FMA could not help but take on this task to protect their settlements from the threat.","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136338634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Republic of Fear: Mental Illness in the Finnish Civil War of 1918. 《恐惧共和国:1918年芬兰内战中的精神疾病》。
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkac065
Petteri Pietikainen
{"title":"The Republic of Fear: Mental Illness in the Finnish Civil War of 1918.","authors":"Petteri Pietikainen","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkac065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkac065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the links between mental illness and the Finnish Civil War of 1918. Based on the study of patient records from a large state mental hospital, the article discusses the mental wounds of both servicemen and civilians and focuses on fear as an essential component in the onset of mental disorder. An examination of patient records reveals how civil war affected the mental health of ordinary people and created a collective psychological atmosphere of fear and anxiety. What this article also demonstrates is that, during and after the war, patients who were mentally scarred by the atrocities were neither categorised nor diagnosed any differently from other mental patients. By focussing on patient experiences in the 'mini-society' of a mental hospital, this article aims to give a nuanced account of the ways in which civil war can affect mental health on both the individual and collective levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":"36 2","pages":"337-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10392359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10284189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
'The Unseen Enemy Persists': Delusion, Trauma and the South African War in Australian Asylum Case Notes. “看不见的敌人依然存在”:澳大利亚庇护案件笔记中的妄想、创伤和南非战争。
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkac049
Effie Karageorgos
{"title":"'The Unseen Enemy Persists': Delusion, Trauma and the South African War in Australian Asylum Case Notes.","authors":"Effie Karageorgos","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkac049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkac049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Australian troops travelling to South Africa in 1899 to join Britain in fighting the Boers left behind communities consumed with the conflict. The colonies that would form the Australian nation in 1901 organised parades, concerts and eagerly awaited news from the battlefield. This article analyses these cultural responses to the South African War alongside the experiences of institutionalised delusional men. It traces ways the conflict penetrated the walls of Australian asylums, and the minds of the insane within them, as well as the sane existing in society. Delusions based on the conflict appeared not only in the words of men who had travelled to South Africa, but also those who were evidently deeply affected by Australian involvement in the war, following the fervour within the societies from which they came. The resulting analysis of the words and experiences of the insane expands the historiography of the conflict in new ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":"36 2","pages":"316-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/5e/hkac049.PMC10392360.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10284188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Caring Under Fire Across Three Continents: The Hadfield-Spears Ambulance, 1941-1945. 战火下横跨三大洲的关怀:哈德菲尔德-斯皮尔斯救护车，1941-1945。
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad010
Laure Humbert
{"title":"Caring Under Fire Across Three Continents: The Hadfield-Spears Ambulance, 1941-1945.","authors":"Laure Humbert","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the Second World War, the Hadfield Spears ambulance took care of around 22,000 wounded and/or sick patients across three continents. This article analyses how military attacks and instances of violence impacted on the psychological, emotional and physical health of those attending the wounded within this mobile unit. While historiography of allied medicine develops apace, analysis of the Free French health service remains rare. Yet the history of the Hadfield Spears ambulance provides a fascinating window into the neglected issue of attacks on healthcare in wartime, as well as a fresh scope for combining macro and micro perspectives. The deployment of both approaches suggests potent ways to connect intimate responses to attacks to broader histories of allied frictions and cooperation. Crucially, it offers rich insights into the development of a transnational 'ethos of stoicism', which helped to sustain the hospital's community, in a fraught allied diplomatic context.</p>","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":"36 2","pages":"284-315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10392362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9981760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Jason Sion Mokhtarian, Medicine in the Talmud: Natural and Supernatural Therapies between Magic and Science Jason Sion Mokhtarian，《塔木德医学：魔法与科学之间的自然与超自然疗法》
IF 0.7 2区 哲学
Social History of Medicine Pub Date : 2023-04-26 DOI: 10.1093/shm/hkad026
G. Kessler
{"title":"Jason Sion Mokhtarian, Medicine in the Talmud: Natural and Supernatural Therapies between Magic and Science","authors":"G. Kessler","doi":"10.1093/shm/hkad026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkad026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21922,"journal":{"name":"Social History of Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46266381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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