Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers最新文献_第4页

Did the Affordable Care Act Affect Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder among the Already Insured? Evidence from the Rhode Island All-payer Claims Database 平价医疗法案是否影响了已经参保的人获得阿片类药物使用障碍的药物?证据来自罗德岛全付款人索赔数据库

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-12-22 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.17

Mary A. Burke, K. Carman, Riley Sullivan, H. Wen, J. Wharam, Hao Yu

{"title":"Did the Affordable Care Act Affect Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder among the Already Insured? Evidence from the Rhode Island All-payer Claims Database","authors":"Mary A. Burke, K. Carman, Riley Sullivan, H. Wen, J. Wharam, Hao Yu","doi":"10.29412/res.wp.2021.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29412/res.wp.2021.17","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research suggests that state Medicaid expansions implemented under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) helped large numbers of patients suffering from opioid use disorder (OUD) gain access to life-saving medications, including buprenorphine. However, Medicaid expansions could have impeded access to care among individuals already enrolled in Medicaid, as new enrollees would have placed added demands on a limited supply of buprenorphine providers. Using a panel data set of medical claims from Rhode Island, we estimate the causal effects of the state’s January 2014 ACA implementation on buprenorphine receipt among incumbent (pre-ACA) Medicaid enrollees by leveraging geographic variation within Rhode Island in the intensity of treatment under the ACA. Using a difference-in-differences identification strategy, multivariate regression analysis yields no evidence that incumbent Medicaid enrollees experienced added difficulties in accessing buprenorphine as a result of the ACA, despite the fact that both Medicaid and nonMedicaid enrollment increased substantially under the policy. Supply-side factors may have helped to blunt any negative fallout, as we find that the number of buprenorphine prescribers in the state increased fairly steadily during the two years leading up to January 2014 and for at least 15 months after that date. Also, the average number of buprenorphine recipients per prescriber increased rapidly after January 2014, suggesting that providers had unused treatment capacity before the policy went into effect. JEL Classifications: I18, I13, I14, I12","PeriodicalId":219195,"journal":{"name":"Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128867298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Opting in with the Joneses: What Affects the Timing of Municipal Adoption of a Local-option Meals Tax? 攀比:是什么影响市政采用本地选择膳食税的时机?

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-12-20 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.14

Bo Zhao

引用次数: 0

The Transmission Mechanisms of International Business Cycles: Output Spillovers through Trade and Financial Linkages 国际经济周期的传导机制:通过贸易和金融联系的产出溢出

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.13

Falk Bräuning, Viacheslav Sheremirov

{"title":"The Transmission Mechanisms of International Business Cycles: Output Spillovers through Trade and Financial Linkages","authors":"Falk Bräuning, Viacheslav Sheremirov","doi":"10.29412/res.wp.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29412/res.wp.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: We study the transmission channels through which shocks affect the global economy and the crosscountry comovement of real economic activity. For this purpose, we collect detailed data on international trade and financial linkages as well as domestic macro and financial variables for a large set of countries. We document significant international output comovement following U.S. monetary shocks, and find that openness to international trade matters more than financial openness in explaining cross-country spillovers. In particular, output in countries with a high share of exports and imports responds to U.S. monetary shocks significantly more than output in countries with a low share, whereas we do not find material heterogeneity depending on international investment positions or financial flows in the balance of payments. We further document strong network amplification associated with the patterns of bilateral trade flows, as indirect spillovers account for nearly half of the total effect. Studies that do not account for direct bilateral linkages between national economies — and the indirect linkages through the network they form – may thus present an incomplete view of international business cycles.","PeriodicalId":219195,"journal":{"name":"Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers","volume":"360 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114764844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

High-Frequency Spending Responses to Government Transfer Payments 高频支出对政府转移支付的响应

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.10

Dan W. Cooper, Giovanni P. Olivei

引用次数: 1

Has COVID changed consumer payment behavior? COVID是否改变了消费者的支付行为?

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-12-17 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.12

C. Greene, Ellen Merry, Joanna Stavins

{"title":"Has COVID changed consumer payment behavior?","authors":"C. Greene, Ellen Merry, Joanna Stavins","doi":"10.29412/res.wp.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29412/res.wp.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":": The COVID-19 pandemic has caused large changes in consumer spending, including how people make their payments. We use data from a nationally representative survey of U.S. consumers collected before COVID in 2018 and 2019 and during COVID in 2020 to analyze changes in consumer payment behavior during the pandemic. We find that compared with their payment behavior in 2019, consumers had shifted some of their purchases from in person to online by fall 2020, significantly lowered their use of cash for purchases, and shifted their person-to-person (P2P) payments away from paper (cash and checks). Those changes are consistent with what we might expect, as many people were less able or willing to shop in person. The adoption of electronic P2P increased, especially the use of payment apps such as PayPal, Venmo, and Zelle. Consumers who worked exclusively from home during COVID made significantly higher shares of their payments online or through mobile devices and were less likely to use cash at all compared with those who worked at least partly in person, even after we control for income and education levels. In contrast, payment-behavior changes that took place from 2018 to 2019 were smaller in magnitude and largely insignificant, suggesting that COVID likely accelerated any longer-term trends. Although it is too soon to determine whether these changes will persist for the longer term, we observed them several months after the onset of the pandemic, so they certainly were not just temporary shifts.","PeriodicalId":219195,"journal":{"name":"Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124588280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

The Mortgage Cash Flow Channel of Monetary Policy Transmission: A Tale of Two Countries 货币政策传导的抵押贷款现金流通道:两个国家的故事

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.08

Daniel H. Cooper, Vaishali Garga, María J. Luengo‐Prado

引用次数: 0

Breaking the Implicit Contract: Using Pension Freezes to Study Lifetime Labor Supply 打破隐性契约:用养老金冻结研究终身劳动力供给

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.29412/RES.WP.2021.07

Dhiren Patki

引用次数: 1

Wealth Concentration in the United States Using an Expanded Measure of Net Worth 用扩大的净值衡量方法分析美国的财富集中

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2021.06

Lindsay Jacobs, Elizabeth Llanes, Kevin B. Moore, Jeffrey Thompson, A. Volz

引用次数: 2

Distributional Effects of Payment Card Pricing and Merchant Cost Pass-through in the United 美国支付卡定价的分配效应与商家成本传递

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.29412/res.wp.2020.13

M. Felt, Fumiko Hayashi, J. Stavins, Angelika Welte

{"title":"Distributional Effects of Payment Card Pricing and Merchant Cost Pass-through in the United","authors":"M. Felt, Fumiko Hayashi, J. Stavins, Angelika Welte","doi":"10.29412/res.wp.2020.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29412/res.wp.2020.13","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from the United States and Canada, we quantify consumers’ net pecuniary cost of using cash, credit cards, and debit cards for purchases across income cohorts. The net cost includes fees paid to financial institutions, rewards received from credit or debit card issuers, and the merchant cost of accepting payments that is passed on to consumers as higher retail prices. Even though credit cards are more expensive for merchants to accept compared with other payment methods, merchants typically do not differentiate prices at checkout, but instead pass through their costs to all consumers. As a result, credit card transactions are cross-subsidized by cheaper debit and cash payments. Card rewards and consumer fees paid to financial institutions are additional sources of cross-subsidies. We find that consumers in the lowest-income cohort pay the highest net pecuniary cost as a percentage of transaction value, while consumers in the highest-income cohort pay the lowest. This result is robust under various scenarios and assumptions, suggesting payment card pricing and merchant cost pass-through have regressive distributional effects in the United States and Canada.","PeriodicalId":219195,"journal":{"name":"Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125622819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A Fundamental Connection: Exchange Rates and Macroeconomic Expectations 一个基本的联系:汇率和宏观经济预期

Federal Reserve Bank of Boston Research Department Working Papers Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.29412/RES.WP.2020.20

Vania Stavrakeva, Jenny Tang

引用次数: 5