Soil Systems最新文献

{"title":"Evidence of Potential Organo-Mineral Interactions during the First Stage of Mars Terraforming","authors":"Beatrice Giannetta, Antonio G. Caporale, Danilo Olivera de Souza, Paola Adamo, Claudio Zaccone","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040092","url":null,"abstract":"Future space missions to Mars will depend on the development of bioregenerative life support systems. Mars regolith contains most of the nutrients needed for plant growth, but not organic matter (OM). Although Mars simulants have been deeply characterized and tested as growing media, no data are available about their possible modification occurring during terraforming, including the interaction of exogeneous OM with iron (Fe) oxides, particularly abundant in Mars regolith. The aim of this study was to investigate the mineral transformation and the OM evolution occurring in the early stages of the terraforming process. Potato was grown for 99 days on Mojave Mars Simulant MMS-1, alone (R100) and mixed with a compost 70:30 v:v (R70C30), and on a fluvial sand, alone (S100) and mixed with compost (S70C30), for comparison. Bulk (BK) and potato tubero/rhizo-sphere (RH) soils were fractionated to obtain particulate OM (POM) and mineral-associated OM (MAOM). Bulk samples and corresponding fractions were characterized for total nitrogen and organic carbon (C) and analyzed by Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. Organic C increased by 10 and 25 times in S70C30 and R70C30, respectively, compared to S100 and R100. Most of the organic C accumulated in the POM fraction of both growing substrates, while its content in the MAOM was 3 times higher in R70C30 than in S70C30. No significant differences between BK and RH were found. Finally, ferrihydrite mediated exogenous OM stabilization in regolith-based substrates, while Fe(III)-OM complexes were detected exclusively in sand-based growing media. Understanding mechanisms and testing potential sustainable practices for creating Mars regolith similar to terrestrial soil will be fundamental to sustain food crop production on Mars.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135570220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotational Tillage Practices to Deal with Soil Compaction in Carbon Farming","authors":"Chris Cavalaris, Theofanis Gemtos, Christos Karamoutis","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040090","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation tillage practices, such as reduced tillage and no-tillage, have recently garnered significant attention as core elements of the regenerative agriculture and carbon farming concepts. By minimizing mechanical soil disturbance, these practices preserve soil carbon and facilitate CO2 fixation in the soil. Despite the widely acknowledged benefits, many farmers still approach no-tillage with skepticism. Their primary concerns are weed management and soil compaction. While weeds can be effectively controlled with the deployment of integrated weed management strategies, urgent soil compaction problems can be rapidly resolved only with mechanical interventions. That is why many no-till farmers resort to occasional heavy tillage, in a scheme characterized as rotational tillage, inadvertently sacrificing their regenerative assets in soil carbon. This is also a pivotal issue within carbon farming: the fate of soil carbon at the end of a compliant scheme focused on carbon fixation. The present study explores data of soil organic matter (SOM), soil penetration resistance (PR), and dry bulk density (DBD) from the initial, six-year period of a long-term tillage experiment in Greece. During that period, modifications to the experimental design allowed diverse combinations of five tillage methods (conventional tillage, 3 reduced tillage methods, and no-tillage). The findings indeed underscore the farmers’ concerns about soil compaction. High levels of PR and DBD were observed even at the topsoil layer of the no-tillage (NT). Conventional, moldboard plowing (MP) or reduced, chisel plowing (CP) applied after four years of uninterrupted no-tillage ameliorated most of the soil compaction; however, at the same time, this induced unfavorable consequences for SOM. In contrast, NT applied permanently for six years resulted in a substantial enhancement in SOM that reached 2.24%, for a sampling depth 0–0.30 m compared to 1.54% for permanent MP. When no-tillage was rotated with plowing in the fifth year, almost 50% of the sequestered carbon was lost and the SOM dropped to 1.87%. Nevertheless, the amount of SOM observed at the deeper 0.15–0.30 m layer was greater compared to permanent NT. This suggests that while plowing induced some loss of SOM, it also facilitated the uniform distribution into the soil profile, in contrast with the accumulation in the topsoil at prolonged NT. The permanent CP method and the NT/CP rotation provided comparative outcomes in terms of both soil compaction and soil carbon sequestration with the rotational NT/MP scheme, while all the other tillage combinations were inferior.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135823925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Water Management and Rice Varieties on Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Central Japan","authors":"Sunchai Phungern, Siti Noor Fitriah Azizan, Nurtasbiyah Binti Yusof, Kosuke Noborio","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040089","url":null,"abstract":"Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from paddy fields depend on water management practices and rice varieties. Lysimeter experiments were conducted to determine the effect of rice varieties (lowland; Koshihikari (KH) and upland; Dourado Precoce (DP)) on GHG emissions under two water management practices: alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF). A repeated cycle of drying and wetting in AWD irrigation was performed by drying the soil to −40 kPa soil matric potential and then rewetting. Consequently, the closed chamber method was used to measure direct emissions of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2). The result revealed that water management significantly affected CH4 and N2O emissions (p < 0.05), while no significant effect was observed between different rice varieties. Although, AWD irrigation reduced CH4 emissions, it increased N2O emissions compared to CF irrigation, likely due to increased oxygen supply. AWD irrigation decreased GWP by 55.6% and 59.6% in KH and DP, respectively, compared to CF irrigation. Furthermore, CH4 and N2O emissions significantly correlated with soil redox potential and volumetric water content. These results suggest that AWD irrigation might be an effective water management method for mitigating GHG emissions from rice fields in central Japan.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135824121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil and Water Losses with Simulated Rainfall Considering Experimental Plots and Rainfall Patterns","authors":"Daniel Fonseca de Carvalho, Amanda Sales Alves, Pietro Menezes Sanchez Macedo, Paulo Tarso Sanches de Oliveira, Nivaldo Schultz","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040087","url":null,"abstract":"Rainfall simulators are important pieces of equipment to investigate hydrological processes and soil erosion. Here, we investigated the operational characteristics, the rainfall characteristics, and the soil erosion process under collecting plots and rainfall patterns using the InfiAsper simulator. We evaluated the standard plot of the simulator in a rectangular shape (1.0 × 0.7 m), as well as a circular plot (0.8 m diameter), and four precipitation patterns, characterized as advanced (AV), intermediate (IN), delayed (DL), and constant (CT). In the laboratory, uniformity and water consumption tests were carried out for shutter-disk rotations from 138 to 804 rpm, and in the field, simulated rains were applied on a Dystric Acrisol. Rains with different patterns were simulated and presented a uniformity coefficient above 83% for the circular plot and 78.2% for the rectangular plot. The soil erosion varied as a function of the precipitation patterns and, to a lesser extent, according to the shape of the experimental plot. However, runoff and soil loss in AV were 2.1 and 3.5 times greater when using a circular plot. Concerning IN and DL, the length of the rectangular plot may have influenced the formation of small furrows throughout most of the simulated rainfall event, providing greater runoff (13.1 mm) and soil loss (13.6 g m−2). The results obtained are promising, but plots with different shapes associated with rainfall patterns simulated by InfiAsper must be evaluated in other classes and soil use and cover conditions.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"129-132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Soil Digital Twin for Monitoring the Soil Ecosystem: A Conceptual Framework","authors":"Nikolaos L. Tsakiridis, Nikiforos Samarinas, Eleni Kalopesa, George C. Zalidis","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040088","url":null,"abstract":"The digital twin concept has found widespread application across diverse industries. Herein, we present a comprehensive conceptual framework for the cognitive soil digital twin, which embodies the intricate physical reality of the soil ecosystem, aiding in its holistic monitoring and comprehension. The digital twin can seamlessly integrate a multitude of sensor data sources, including field Internet of Things sensors, remote sensing data, field measurements, digital cartography, surveys, and other Earth observation datasets. By virtue of its duality, this digital counterpart facilitates data organisation and rigorous analytical exploration, unravelling the intricacies of physical, chemical, and biological soil constituents while discerning their intricate interrelationships and their impact on ecosystem services. Its potential extends beyond mere data representation, acting as a versatile tool for scenario analysis and enabling the visualisation of diverse environmental impacts, including the effects of climate change and transformations in land use or management practices. Beyond academic circles, the digital twin’s utility extends to a broad spectrum of stakeholders across the entire quadruple helix, encompassing farmers and agronomists, soil researchers, the agro-industry, and policy-makers. By fostering collaboration among these stakeholders, the digital twin catalyses informed decision-making, underpinned by data-driven insights. Moreover, it acts as a testbed for the development of innovative sensors and monitoring frameworks, in addition to providing a platform that can educate users and the broader public using immersive and innovative visualisation tools, such as augmented reality. This innovative framework underscores the imperative of a holistic approach to soil ecosystem monitoring and management, propelling the soil science discipline into an era of unprecedented data integration and predictive modelling, by harnessing the effects of climate change towards the development of efficient decision-making.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Culturable Osmotolerant Microbiota in Hypersaline and Hypergypsic Soils as New Treatment for Osmotic Stress in Plants","authors":"Tatiana Gil, Raquel Teixeira, André Sousa, Maria Alice d’Oliveira Palmeiro, Alice Cruz Coimbra de Matos, Marla Niza Costa, María Victoria Ferrer, Ana Sofía Rodrígues dos Santos, Cristina Sequero López, Inês Rebelo Romão, Juan Ignacio Vílchez","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040086","url":null,"abstract":"Saline and gypsic soils impede or condition the establishment of farms in many regions worldwide. Stress caused by the accumulation of sodium or calcium ions in the soil drastically limits plant growth and is a limiting factor in the production of many crops. For this reason, saline and gypsic soils were preferentially exploited for mineral extraction. However, nowadays, they can be a source of new biotechnological tools to help in the osmotic stress to which some crops are exposed. In these environments, despite being traditionally characterized by their low biodiversity, we can find well-adapted microbiota that may be able to interact with plants to deal with different environmental stresses. These mechanisms may consist of a very important contribution to the development of new osmotic stress-dealing bioinoculants. The present study sought to elucidate the diversity of the cultivable population of such environments and use them as regulators of soil nutrients and stress-relieving symbionts in plants under osmotic stress. Among the candidate strains selected to cover more scenarios, we found that the strains Stutzerimonas stutzeri A38 and Bacillus pumilus A49 were able to increase root size under osmotic stress in Medicago sativa and Medicago polymorpha plants. Moreover, Peribacillus frigoritolerans A70 and Bacillus licheniformis A46 also enhanced the performance in M. polymorpha, showing interesting potential for a future use in wasteland use for production to livestock feeding or other relevant industries.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals along Kitchener Drain Sediment, Nile Delta","authors":"Yasser A. El-Amier, Giuliano Bonanomi, Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040085","url":null,"abstract":"Population expansion within agricultural lands applies pressure on natural resources, particularly water resources, and leads to contamination through different types of pollutants, such as heavy metals, that consequently alter the ecosystem and impact human health. In the present work, several heavy metals in sediment along the Kitchener drain were assessed using different soil quality and health indices; the Kitchener drain is one of the major drains in the Nile Delta. Sediments were collected from six stations along the drain from upstream to downstream. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed as well as four metal pollution indices and five ecological risk indices. Additionally, carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks for adults and children were evaluated. The data showed that the Kitchener drain is mainly contaminated with Cd, Pb, and Zn, where the concentrations decreased from upstream to downstream. The eco-toxicological indexes showed that Pb, Zn, and Cr were the most hazardous metals along the drain, mainly at upstream stations. The human health risk indices data revealed that the noncarcinogenic risk of the studied metals can be ordered as follows: Co &gt; Cr &gt; Pb &gt; Mn &gt; Ni &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; Zn for adults, while for children it was Cr &gt; Mn &gt; Co &gt; Pb &gt; Ni &gt; Cd &gt; Cu &gt; Zn. The carcinogenic risk data showed that heavy metals ranged from low to medium in all sites, except for Pb and Zn, which have high carcinogenic risks. The present study showed more contamination upstream compared to downstream which can be attributed to urbanization and human activity, as shown from the land use/landcover map. This highlighted that the major drains inside the Nile Delta suffer from different anthropogenic activities that should be taken into consideration by researchers, scientists, and policymakers. Also, the source of heavy metal pollution, particularly upstream, should be controlled or treated before discharge into the drain. On the other side, downstream (toward the Mediterranean Sea), the heavy metals could affect the trophic levels of the marine ecosystem on the Mediterranean Sea which should be taken into consideration.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Brackish Irrigation on Soil Ion Accumulation and Growth of Atriplex Species","authors":"Sarah M. Cerra, Manoj K. Shukla, Soyoung Jeon, Scott O’Meara","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040084","url":null,"abstract":"Prolonged drought conditions in New Mexico have led growers to use brackish groundwater for crop irrigation. Desalination of the groundwater with reverse osmosis (RO) is possible, but the concentrated waste requires environmentally safe disposal, such as by irrigating native halophytic plants, Atriplex, which could be cultivated to feed livestock. We hypothesized that ions from the brackish irrigation would increasingly accumulate in the soil away from the roots as the wetting front expanded further from the emitter, while not affecting the aboveground growth of the plants. Atriplex species were irrigated with brackish water at two irrigation levels for three years. Soil samples were collected at the beginning, middle, and end of the study at two depths and three distances from the emitter. Electrical conductivity (EC), soil ion accumulation, and plant growth were recorded. The average EC of the soil increased with brackish water irrigation. As the ions accumulated along the wetting front of the percolating water rather than near roots, a favorable environment for root growth was provided. While sodic levels of ion accumulation were not reached in this study, aboveground growth still declined. This leads to the recommendation that RO-concentrated waste could be used to irrigate Atriplex species for livestock fodder, with further plans to irrigate with fresh water to remove accumulated ions as a potential sustainable waste management process. Additional studies are necessary to develop guidelines for Atriplex tolerance and harvesting.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blending Controlled-Release and Urease-Inhibitor Technologies as Innovative Solutions to Reduce Ammonia Emissions in Coffee Environments","authors":"Tainah Freitas, Damiany Pádua Oliveira, Mateus Portes Dutra, Pauliana Cristina Zito, Estevam Antônio Chagas Reis, Tales Jesus Fernandes, Ana Paula Pereira Nunes, Rubens José Guimarães, Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo, Douglas Guelfi","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040083","url":null,"abstract":"Enhanced efficiency fertilizers, such as urea treated with a urease inhibitor, controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs), and fertilizer blends, compose important strategies for improving efficiency in nitrogen (N) use by plants and mitigating ammonia (N-NH3) emissions. The physical mixture of fertilizers in blends can favor synchronization of N-release from the fertilizers and N-uptake by coffee plants and also dilute the costs of acquiring a pure CRF, making fertilizer blends more accessible to growers. To investigate this, a field experiment was conducted over two consecutive crop years with Coffea arabica with the aim of evaluating nitrogen fertilizer technologies at application rates ranging from 0 to 450 kg N ha−1. The fertilizers were characterized, and analyses were performed to quantify N-release from the fertilizers, ammonia volatilization, and nutritional and yield aspects of the coffee plant. The fertilizers used were urea (UCon), urea treated with N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric-triamide (UNBPT), urea-coated with polymer of the E-Max technology (with 41%N (EMax41) or 43%N (EMax43)), and blends of UNBPT with E-Max (Blend41–Blend43). The cumulative N-release for EMax41 always remained below that for EMax43, just as occurred for Blend41 in relation to Blend43. Over the two crop years, the greatest volatilization of N-NH3 occurred with UCon (~25%) and the least with EMax41 (9%). The results indicate that the technologies mitigated the N-NH3 emissions in relation to UCon [EMax41 (63% mitigation) &gt; Blend41 (43%) &gt; EMax43 (32%) &gt; UNBPT (28%) &gt; Blend43 (19%)]. Crop management affects coffee yield. The yield increase went from 20% in the first crop year to 75% in the second, with better results from fertilizers containing CRF. We present information that can assist fertilizer producers and coffee growers, and, above all, we seek to contribute to environmental action for the reduction of agricultural NH3, clarifying potential strategies for mitigation of these emissions and strategies that generate advances in research on technologies for coffee growing.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation of Malathion in Amended Soil by Indigenous Novel Bacterial Consortia and Analysis of Degradation Pathway","authors":"Mohd Ashraf Dar, Garima Kaushik","doi":"10.3390/soilsystems7040081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems7040081","url":null,"abstract":"The capabilities of pure bacterial strains and their consortia isolated from agricultural soil were evaluated during a bioremediation process of the organophosphate pesticide malathion. The pure bacterial strains efficiently degraded 50.16–68.47% of the pesticide within 15 days of incubation, and metabolites were observed to accumulate in the soil. The consortia of three bacterial species [Micrococcus aloeverae (MAGK3) + Bacillus cereus (AGB3) + Bacillus paramycoides (AGM5)] degraded the malathion more effectively, and complete malathion removal was observed by the 15th day in soils inoculated with that consortium. In contrast, the combined activity of any two of these strains was lower than the mixed consortium of all of the strains. Individual mixed consortia of Micrococcus aloeverae (MAGK3) + Bacillus cereus (AGB3); Micrococcus aloeverae (MAGK3) + Bacillus paramycoides (AGM5); and Bacillus cereus (AGB3) + Bacillus paramycoides (AGM5) caused 76.58%, 70.95%, and 88.61% malathion degradation in soil, respectively. Several intermediate metabolites like malaoxon, malathion monocarboxylic acid, diethyl fumarate, and trimethyl thiophosphate were found to accumulate and be successively degraded during the bioremediation process via GC–MS detection. Thus, inoculating with a highly potent bacterial consortium isolated from in situ soil may result in the most effective pesticide degradation to significantly relieve soils from pesticide residues, and could be considered a prospective approach for the degradation and detoxification of environments contaminated with malathion and other organophosphate pesticides. This study reports the use of a mixed culture of Indigenous bacterial species for successful malathion degradation.","PeriodicalId":21908,"journal":{"name":"Soil Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}