Sozial- und Praventivmedizin最新文献_第10页

Smoking differences between university faculties in Tartu, Estonia, and Oulu, Finland, after the disruption of communism. 共产主义解体后，爱沙尼亚塔尔图和芬兰奥卢大学教员之间的吸烟差异。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-006-5090-x

Rauno Heikkinen, Jana Kivastik, Peet-Henn Kingisepp, Leo Hirvonen, Simo Näyhä

{"title":"Smoking differences between university faculties in Tartu, Estonia, and Oulu, Finland, after the disruption of communism.","authors":"Rauno Heikkinen, Jana Kivastik, Peet-Henn Kingisepp, Leo Hirvonen, Simo Näyhä","doi":"10.1007/s00038-006-5090-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-006-5090-x","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To provide information on smoking differences between university faculties.Methods: Data from smoking surveys performed on 1,441 staff members and 2,308 students at the University of Tartu, Estonia, soon after the fall of communism, were analysed by faculties, using similar data from the University of Oulu, Finland (1,830 staff members, 5,947 students) for reference.Results: Wide variations in smoking were found between faculties in Tartu, the prevalence being high among male students of theology (54%) and low among staff and students in the faculties of exercise & sports sciences (< 5%) and mathematics (< 15%). Less variation was seen in Oulu. The medical faculty showed low smoking rates in Oulu but not in Tartu.Conclusions: High percentages of smokers were typical of Tartu faculties representing disciplines closely connected with the country's transition (e.g. theology), and low percentages in faculties emphasising physical and mental performance (e.g. sports). The relatively high percentage of smokers in the Tartu medical faculty compared with that in Oulu can be interpreted as delayed diffusion of medical information beyond the former Iron Curtain.","PeriodicalId":21877,"journal":{"name":"Sozial- und Praventivmedizin","volume":"51 6","pages":"381-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00038-006-5090-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26853768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia--smoking initiation, prevalence of tobacco use and cessation. 在捷克共和国、匈牙利、波兰和斯洛伐克开展的全球青年烟草调查(GYTS)的调查结果——开始吸烟、烟草使用流行率和戒烟。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-0022-8

Tibor Baska, Hana Sovinová, Agnes Nemeth, Krysztof Przewozniak, Charles W Warren, Elena Kavcová

{"title":"Findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia--smoking initiation, prevalence of tobacco use and cessation.","authors":"Tibor Baska, Hana Sovinová, Agnes Nemeth, Krysztof Przewozniak, Charles W Warren, Elena Kavcová","doi":"10.1007/s00038-005-0022-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-005-0022-8","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To show selected findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) conducted in Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia.Methods: Representative sample of 16918 school children aged 13-15 years; data were obtained through uniform questionnaires. The fieldwork was conducted in 2002 and 2003.Results: Age at initiation of smoking was particularly earlier in Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia than in Hungary. Over one third of the students reported current cigarette smoking in Czech Republic (34.9%) and Hungary (33.5%) compared to about one-fourth in Slovakia (24.3%) and Poland (23.3%). Among current smokers, about two thirds in Slovakia (64.0%) desired to stop smoking, while only one third in Hungary (36.7%). The prevalence of current cigarette smoking was similar between genders.Discussion: Smoking prevalence in these countries is considerably higher than worldwide data. Women's smoking could be an important public health problem in the future. Repeated surveys could show trends and give a clearer picture of the epidemiological situation.","PeriodicalId":21877,"journal":{"name":"Sozial- und Praventivmedizin","volume":"51 2","pages":"110-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00038-005-0022-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27101759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Syndromic surveillance use to detect the early effects of heat-waves: an analysis of NHS direct data in England. 综合征监测用于检测热浪的早期影响:对英格兰NHS直接数据的分析。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-006-5039-0

G S Leonardi, S Hajat, R S Kovats, G E Smith, D Cooper, E Gerard

{"title":"Syndromic surveillance use to detect the early effects of heat-waves: an analysis of NHS direct data in England.","authors":"G S Leonardi, S Hajat, R S Kovats, G E Smith, D Cooper, E Gerard","doi":"10.1007/s00038-006-5039-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-006-5039-0","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate the effects of high ambient temperatures, including the summer 2003 heat-episode, on NHS Direct usage and its suitability as a surveillance tool in heat health warning systems.Methods: Analyses of data on calls to NHS Direct in English Regions in the period Dec 2001-May 2004. Outcomes were daily rates of all symptomatic calls, and daily proportion of calls for selected causes (fever, vomiting, difficulty breathing, heat/sun-stroke)Results: Total calls were moderately increased as environmental temperature increased; this effect was greatest in calls for young children and for fever. Total calls were moderately elevated during two summer heat episodes in 2003: calls specifically for heat/sun stroke increased acutely in response to these episodes. No association was apparent between environmental temperature and proportion of calls for vomiting and difficulty breathing.Conclusions: Calls to NHS Direct are sensitive to daily temperatures and extreme weather. NHS Direct is timely and has great potential in health surveillance. Calls for heat- and sun-stroke are now routinely monitored as part of the UK Heat-wave plan","PeriodicalId":21877,"journal":{"name":"Sozial- und Praventivmedizin","volume":"51 4","pages":"194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00038-006-5039-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26464074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

The prevalence of symptoms attributed to electromagnetic field exposure: a cross-sectional representative survey in Switzerland. 电磁场暴露引起的症状的流行:瑞士的一项代表性横断面调查。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-006-5061-2

Nadja Schreier, Anke Huss, Martin Röösli

{"title":"The prevalence of symptoms attributed to electromagnetic field exposure: a cross-sectional representative survey in Switzerland.","authors":"Nadja Schreier, Anke Huss, Martin Röösli","doi":"10.1007/s00038-006-5061-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-006-5061-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To investigate health risk perception as well as to assess the prevalence of self-reported symptoms attributed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and other environmental exposures in the general population of Switzerland.Methods: Between May and June 2004, telephone interviews of a representative sample of the Swiss population (n=2048, >14 years old) about: (1) health symptoms attributed to five environmental factors (one of which was EMF), (2) health risk perception related to 12 environmental risk factors (five of which were different EMF sources).Results: We found a prevalence of 5% (95% CI 4-6%) for electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) in our study sample. The most common health complaints among EHS individuals were sleep disorders (43%) and headaches (34%), which were mostly attributed to power lines and mobile phone handsets. In addition, 53 percent (95% CI 51-55%) were worried about adverse health effects from EMF, without attributing their own health symptoms to them.Conclusions: The large proportion of the population who is concerned or attributes own symptoms to EMF may cause societal conflicts given the ubiquity of EMF in our everyday life.","PeriodicalId":21877,"journal":{"name":"Sozial- und Praventivmedizin","volume":"51 4","pages":"202-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00038-006-5061-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26464075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 159

The Bangkok Charter for Health Promotion in a globalized world. 《全球化世界中促进健康曼谷宪章》。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-006-0202-1

引用次数: 2

[Immunization of 28 months old children in Geneva, Switzerland: trend over a 6-year period, 1995-2000]. [瑞士日内瓦28个月大儿童免疫接种:1995-2000年6年期间的趋势]。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-3132-4

Muriel Golay, Philippe Sudre

引用次数: 4

Socio-economic health differences among the elderly population in Krakow, Poland. 波兰克拉科夫老年人口的社会经济健康差异

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-2051-8

Tomasz Knurowski, Jitse P van Dijk, Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Piotr Brzyski, Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Wim J A van den Heuvel

{"title":"Socio-economic health differences among the elderly population in Krakow, Poland.","authors":"Tomasz Knurowski, Jitse P van Dijk, Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Piotr Brzyski, Beata Tobiasz-Adamczyk, Wim J A van den Heuvel","doi":"10.1007/s00038-005-2051-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-005-2051-8","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess whether socio-economic health differences persist into old age in Poland and if there are SES-related differences in health by age group and gender.Methods: 528 randomly chosen, not institutionalized elderly people aged 65-85 living in Krakow were interviewed about their socio-economic status (occupation, education, income, house ownership), health status (self-rated health) and quality of life (Cantril's ladder).Results: People with higher level of education and higher occupational status reported significantly better health and better quality of life compared to people who were not as well off. Income level and house ownership had a significant influence on the quality of life of elderly people. In addition, some findings indicate differences in the patterning of health inequalities across particular age and gender groups.Conclusion: There are socio-economic differences in health and quality of life among the urban elderly population in Poland which are unfavourable for lower social strata.","PeriodicalId":21877,"journal":{"name":"Sozial- und Praventivmedizin","volume":"50 3","pages":"177-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00038-005-2051-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25183277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Social change implies dietary change. 社会的变化意味着饮食的变化。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-5022-1

Shiriki Kumanyika

引用次数: 4

Building capacity for risk factor surveillance in developed countries: the need for a vision-driven approach: lessons learned from the Canadian experience. 发达国家风险因素监测能力建设:需要以愿景为导向的办法:从加拿大经验中吸取的教训。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-3155-x

Reg Warren

引用次数: 0

[New methods of communication]. [新的交流方式]。

Sozial- und Praventivmedizin Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-005-5048-4

Peter Burri Follath

引用次数: 0