Soil Science and Plant Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Abstracts of Nippon Dojo-Hiryogaku Zasshi 93 - 1","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2065596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2065596","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium deficiency and the continuous application of organic matter on paddy rice yield were examined in relation to the nutrient balance and changes in soil chemistry that were recorded over a period of 95 years, i.e., since 1926. The experiment consisted of the following nine treatment plots: NPK (complete), NF (non-fertilized), -N (non-nitrogen), -P (non-phosphorus), -K (non-potassium), +RSC750 (NPK+rice straw compost, 750 g m −2 ), +RSC2250 (NPK+rice straw compost, 2250 g m −2 ), NPK-Ca (NPK without slaked lime), and NF-Ca (non-fertilized and without slaked lime). The rice grain yield among various treatment plots was arranged in the following order: (NF-Ca, NF, -P)<-N<(-K, NPK-Ca, NPK)<+RSC750<+RSC2250. The yield ratios of the NF, -P, -N, and -K plots to the NPK plot were 0.27, 0.33, 0.44, and 0.94, respectively. Rice straw compost application increased the grain yield by 1.17 times for +RSC750 and by 1.31 times for +RSC2250 as compared with the NPK plot. Potassium balance was negative in the NF, NF-Ca, -K, NPK, NPK-Ca, and +RSC750 plots. Total soil potassium, exchangeable potassium, and nonexchangeable potassium concentrations were stable for the last 45 years (since 1976), despite the negative potassium balance. Although total potassium concentration in each experimental plot was almost equal, exchangeable potassium and nonexchangeable potassium concentrations differed depending on the treatment, reflecting potassium balance. These findings suggest that potassium dynamics in this paddy field have already reached equilibrium and that weathering of soil minerals is an important source of potassium for crop yield. In addition, potassium fertility in this paddy field is considered to be very persistent because the decrease in yield in the -K plot was lower than that in the NPK plot over 95 years. C of released CO 2 (to calculate primed carbon), and soil pH were periodically measured. After 60 days, the amount of primed carbon was −31.8, −56.9, −43.9, and 8.4 mg C kg −1 in the R, R+ FA5, R+ FA10, and R+ FA20 plots, respectively. Soil pH after 60 days were 4.5, 4.6, 5.0, 5.3, and 5.9 in the C, R, R+ FA5, R+ FA10, and R+ FA20 plots, respectively. These results indicated that 20% (w/w) fly ash application sig-nificantly ameliorated soil pH, led to a positive priming effect, and promoted the decomposition of native soil organic carbon. On the other hand, 5% and 10% (w/w) fly ash applications only slightly, but significantly, ameliorated soil pH ranges from 4.6 to 5.0 and 5.3, respectively, causing a negative priming effect similar to that observed in the R plot. To predict present-day soil distribution in Japan, it is necessary to clarify the effects of landform, land improvement, and land-use changes on soil class because many agricultural fields have experienced anthropogenic activities since the original agricultural soil maps were created. For this purpose, we compared the previous soil profiles of a p","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"8 1","pages":"339 - 340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90014248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of coated slow-release fertilizers on nitrous oxide emission from winter wheat field in a cool-temperate region in Japan","authors":"S. Nishimura, M. Yoshimura, T. Yamane, N. Oka","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2038521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2038521","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To elucidate the effects of slow-release fertilizers on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from fields with winter wheat cultivation in cool-temperate regions, we conducted a two-year field experiment in Hokkaido. Four types of fertilizer treatment, i.e., urea (U), coated urea (CU), coated calcium nitrate (CC), and no nitrogen fertilizer (NN) were investigated. In the U treatment, urea was applied at 40 and 90 + 60 kg N ha−1 in autumn and in spring, respectively. In the CU and CC treatments, all the nitrogen (190 kg N ha−1) was applied using coated fertilizers in autumn for the first cultivation, whereas nitrogen was applied at 130 kg N ha−1 using the coated fertilizers in autumn and the remaining 60 kg N ha−1 was applied using urea in spring for the second cultivation. The magnitudes and seasonal courses of N2O flux did not largely differ among the treatments (i.e., types of fertilizer), including the NN treatment in most of the experimental periods except that the N2O fluxes were higher in the U and CU treatments than in the CC and NN treatments at the beginning of the second wheat cultivation. In all the treatments, the N2O flux showed the highest peak immediately after basal fertilization, followed by other small peaks in autumn. After the next spring, the N2O flux consistently remained low until the wheat harvest including immediately after the end of snowmelt and after supplemental fertilizations. Cumulative N2O emissions tended to be lower in the CC treatment than in the U and CU treatments, although these differences in the emissions were not statistically significant. Although the wheat grain yields were lower in the CU and CC treatments than in the U treatments, the differences were small for the second wheat cultivation. These results indicate that reduction in N2O emission with no decrease in the wheat yield can be achieved by the basal application of slow-release nitrate fertilizer combined with the supplemental application of conventional fertilizer in winter wheat cultivation in Hokkaido, although further studies are still necessary to determine the optimum allocation levels of the basal and supplemental nitrogen applications.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"8 1","pages":"305 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85218267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of vegetation communities on soil organic carbon stock in an enclosed desert-steppe region of northern China","authors":"Wei Yajuan, Liu Meiying, Wang Ji, Dang Xiaohong, Han Yanlong","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2045847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2045847","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Enclosure is an effective strategy for enhancing soil carbon sequestration in the desert steppe. Soil organic carbon (SOC) and its stock during changes in the plant community influence soil fertility and the global carbon cycle. We studied changes in SOC and its stock along with six plant community types in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, northern China. The goal of this study was to explore differences in SOC and its stock among plant communities while accounting for the effects of environmental factors. We collected 336 soil samples at four soil depths (0–5 cm, 5–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) and vegetation attributes from 84 plots in the enclosure. The results revealed that plant community type and soil depth were the most influential factors for root biomass, SOC, and SOC stock. Total root biomass varied from 229.21 to 731.71 g·m−2 and was ranked as follows: Koeleria cristata > Leymus chinensis > Stipa krylovii >Allium mongolicum >Stipa breviflora > Convolvulus ammannii. Mean SOC and its stock of soils associated with K. cristata were 1.94 and 1.62 times higher than that measured for C. ammannii soils, respectively. Root biomass, SOC, and its stock gradually decreased with soil depth. Stratification ratios (SR s) of SOC increased with soil depth for different plant communities and showed better soil quality (except C. ammannii and A. mongolicum). Results from redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that root biomass, clay, coverage, and litter biomass had significant impacts on SOC and SOC stock. We conclude that the plant community had the greatest effect on improving SOC stock after enclosure, and plant root biomass contributed the most to SOC stock.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"176 1","pages":"284 - 294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79812405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of turnover time of microbial biomass potassium in paddy field soil","authors":"Yoshiki Tokonami, Taketo Funao, Toshiya Oga, M. Nishida, Tomoki Takahashi, S. Asakawa","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2045553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2045553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soil microbial biomass (microbial biomass) contains substantial amounts of potassium (K) as a reservoir of K in soils. However, information about K dynamics and K flux through the microbial biomass are lacking. In the present study, the turnover time of microbial biomass K was estimated for the first time using paddy field soils. The paddy field soils, either amended with substrates of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, or not, were aerobically incubated for 60 days, during which the amounts of microbial biomass K were periodically determined by the chloroform fumigation-extraction procedure. Microbial biomass K increased to twice (51.4–72.3 mg K kg−1 soil) of that in the unamended control 5 days after addition of the substrates and gradually decreased to the values in the control (25.2–44.0 mg K kg−1 soil) until 60 days of the incubation. The turnover time of microbial biomass K was estimated from the declines in the substrate amended soils. The turnover time of microbial biomass K ranged from 80.4 to 98.5 days, which roughly corresponded to the cultivation period of rice (about 100 days). These results indicated that microbial biomass K plays important roles in the supply of K source as well as the reservoir of K in paddy field soil.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"39 1","pages":"275 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78838798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inorganic nitrogen fertilizer equivalency of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) as a winter green manure in Kanto and Tohoku district, Japan","authors":"Shin Deguchi, H. Uchino, S. Uozumi, E. Touno, S. Morita","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2037392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2037392","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is well known that legume green manure (GM) supplies nitrogen (N) to succeeding crops. However, in Japan, there are few experimental field studies that have quantitatively evaluated the effect of GM on the N supply. To estimate the inorganic N fertilizer equivalency of GM for the succeeding corn crop, two field experiments were conducted in 2012 at Morioka, Tohoku district (cool climate region) and in 2014 at Nasushiobara, Kanto district (warm temperate region). Each experiment had a split-plot design with a factorial arrangement of two cropping systems, hairy vetch [HV; Vicia villosa Roth] GM and conventional cultivation, with four N fertilizer treatments (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg N ha−1). In both sites, GM increased the N uptake and, as a result, the shoot yield of the succeeding forage (silage) corn. The apparent N recovery rates of HV shoot were 64% at Morioka and 24% at Nasushiobara. The inorganic N fertilizer equivalency rates of HV shoot were 82% at Morioka and 104% at Nasushiobara. In conclusion, by introducing HV as a GM, we can reduce the amount of inorganic N fertilizer applied to the succeeding corn crop with the same amount as at least 80% of N uptake in HV shoot.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"29 1","pages":"268 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90785251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppressive and promotive effects of rice bran on germination of Monochoria vaginalis in organic rice (Oryza sativa L.) production","authors":"T. Nozoe, S. Miura, J. Tazawa, A. Uchino","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2040340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2040340","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In organic paddy fields, one of the toughest weeds to control is Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Kunth. The application of fresh rice (Oryza sativa L.) bran to soil suppresses the germination of this weed. In stark contrast, the scarcely decomposable component of this material stimulates the germination. This review focuses on the elucidation of these conflicting traits. One of the chemical factors for the suppression is toxic substances such as organic acids. In addition, rice bran application enhances the piling of small soil particles by tubificids on the soil surface. This layer acts as a physical factor that slows germination, presumably because its fine grains prevent light from reaching the seed. The newly accumulated soil with small particle was sampled for the analysis of the settled soil volume in water (SSVW). This value corresponds to the mud volume in water per dry weight. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil solution and the SSVW of the soil surface are useful indicators to evaluate the chemical and physical factors that control germination, respectively. EC and SSVW have been traced in paddy fields where rice bran was applied. The chemical and physical factors were active during the earlier and latter halves of the month after transplanting, respectively. These factors worked in a complementary manner. Paddy soil is typically equipped with the ability to reduce oxygen (O2). This trait enhances the number of M. vaginalis plants because hypoxic conditions are preferable for germination. Anaerobic soil conditions are not required for the expression of O2-reducing power. A long-term application of rice bran might intensify this power because a scarcely decomposable component of rice bran contains a significant amount of O2-reducing substances. The presence of conflicting factors that suppress and enhance germination might destabilize the efficacy of the rice bran.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"26 1","pages":"374 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89812169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New estimation model for paddy soil temperature in early growth stage, and its application to estimate nitrogen mineralization of organic fertilizer","authors":"T. Honma, T. Tsuchida, Katsuhiro Ishii, T. Mizuno, Y. Ishigooka, T. Takimoto, T. Kuwagata","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2040339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2040339","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Paddy soil temperatures (Ts) are required to evaluate the mineralization patterns of organic fertilizers in rice paddies. We have developed an estimation method for Ts based on the heat balance model using Agro-Meteorological Grid Square Data (AMD) with a horizontal resolution of 1 km × 1 km. The paddy water temperature (Tw) (daily mean, assuming leaf area index LAI = 0) was first calculated from the AMD using the heat balance equation. Next, the daily mean Ts was evaluated using the empirical relationship between Ts and Tw. The value of Ts can be expressed as a linear function of a time series for Tw for up to 3 days prior. At five test sites in Niigata prefecture, Japan, the mean difference and root mean square errors between the estimated and measured Ts ranged from −0.54°C to 0.77°C (mean: 0.00°C) and from 0.53°C to 1.21°C (mean: 0.86°C), respectively. Overall, the results using the estimated Ts were found to agree with the observations for each field. Using the developed Ts estimation method and the nitrogen (N) mineralization parameters of organic fertilizers, we estimated the N mineralization patterns of four fertilizers at five test sites. The results show a good agreement with the measured values. This suggests that the proposed Ts estimation method in conjunction with the AMD can be utilized to estimate the N mineralization of organic fertilizers applied in paddy fields in Niigata prefecture.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"295 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81395943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimate the contribution of water-derived 137Cs in the total 137Cs in brown rice using water-to-brown rice transfer parameters and the ratio of 137Cs/133Cs","authors":"Thoa Phuong Nguyen, Y. Takagai, H. Tsukada","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2031284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2031284","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to estimate the contribution of water-derived 137Cs in the total activity of 137Cs in brown rice collected from Minamisoma, Fukushima. Three different methods used for the estimation were: 1) the concentration ratio of 137Cs from water to brown rice (CR–water–rice), 2) mass balance ratio of the total activity of 137Cs from water to brown rice (MB–water–rice), and 3) the ratio of 137Cs/133Cs. To obtain water-to-brown rice transfer parameters (CR–water–rice and MB–water–rice), rice plants were grown in pots filled with soil collected from Minamisoma, Fukushima and irrigated with three types of water (tap water free of 137Cs containing 0.39 mg L−1 K+, tap water free of 137Cs containing 1.0 mg L−1 K+, and tap water containing 5.6 Bq L−1 137Cs and 1.0 mg L−1 K+). The activity concentrations of 137Cs in irrigation water, soils, and brown rice collected from Minamisoma, Fukushima were 0.032 Bq L−1, 1.04, and 0.0012 Bq g−1 dry wt, respectively. Water-derived 137Cs in brown rice only accounted for 1.9% estimated from the CR–water–rice parameter. It was 2.8% if estimated with the MB–water–rice parameter. The ratio of 137Cs/133Cs in brown rice was 0.00162 Bq ng−1, similar to that in the exchangeable fraction of soils (0.00173 ± 0.00007 Bq ng−1, n = 3). Thus, the contribution of 137Cs from irrigation water to brown rice was negligible. The results estimated by three different methods were in good agreement. Therefore, these methods will be useful tools for assessing the contribution of water-derived 137Cs in the total activity of 137Cs in brown rice collected from Minamisoma, Fukushima. The estimation using 137Cs/133Cs ratio can also be applicable for rice in other regions.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"10 1","pages":"329 - 338"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78297756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of mycorrhizal symbiosis to phosphorus and its application for sustainable crop production and remediation of environment","authors":"K. Tawaraya","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2032335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2032335","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mycorrhizal fungi symbiotically associate with 80% of land plants, extend extraradical hyphae in the soil, and promote phosphorus (P) uptake in host plants. It is necessary to utilize the function of mycorrhizal symbiosis to cope with future depletion of P resources. Elucidation of the mycorrhizal colonization mechanism for utilizing mycorrhizal fungi, inoculation methods in agriculture and forestry, and new function of extraradical hyphae are described. Root exudates from P-deficient plants promoted extraradical hyphal growth and a hydrophobic fraction of the exudates promoted the formation of appressorium and subsequent colonization of the roots. Inoculation with a mycorrhizal fungus at the nursery stage reduced phosphate fertilizer application in Welsh onion cultivation and thus production cost. Inoculation with ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increased the growth of tropical tree species under nursery and field conditions. Acid phosphatase was secreted from the extraradical hyphae of Rhizophagus clarus and its activity was increased under low P conditions. We found that utilization of AM fungi is useful as a strategy for sustainable P resource use.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"26 1","pages":"241 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81301757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphosphate polymerizing and depolymerizing activity of VTC4 protein in an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus","authors":"N. Cuc, T. Ezawa, Katsuharu Saito","doi":"10.1080/00380768.2022.2029220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00380768.2022.2029220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form symbiotic associations with land plants and supply soil minerals including phosphorus to their hosts. AM fungi accumulate polyphosphate (polyP), a linear phosphate polymer, in their mycelia, which functions in phosphorus storage and translocation. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it has been demonstrated that the vacuolar transporter chaperone 4 (VTC4) protein, a subunit of the VTC complex, is responsible for polyP synthesis. Here, we conducted a comprehensive survey of VTC proteins in eight AM fungal genomes by Blast analysis and characterized the biochemical properties of the Rhizophagus irregularis VTC4. The genomes of AM fungal species encode VTC1, VTC2, and VTC4. The recombinant protein RiVTC4* (RiVTC4183–474) containing the catalytic tunnel domain was expressed in E. coli cells and purified. RiVTC4* is capable of catalyzing polyP polymerization using ATP as a substrate. Pyrophosphate enhanced polyP-polymerizing activity >10-fold. RiVTC4* exhibited maximum activity at neutral pH and required divalent metal ions, preferentially Mn2+. In the presence of high concentrations of ADP, the reverse reaction (the regeneration of ATP from polyP) by RiVTC4* occurred. In the range of 0.2–5 mM ADP, polyP depolymerization by the reverse reaction was observed at the ATP/ADP ratio of less than 2–5. These results suggest that AM fungal VTC4 not only synthesizes polyP but also regenerates ATP from polyP and ADP, which has potential implications for the modulation of polyP and ATP levels in AM fungi.","PeriodicalId":21852,"journal":{"name":"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition","volume":"7 1","pages":"256 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79433184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}