Shihao Wei, Christopher Boudreaux, Zhongfeng Su, Zhan Wu, Pekka Stenholm
{"title":"Deviant response: The effect of income inequality on informal entrepreneurship in emerging economies","authors":"Shihao Wei, Christopher Boudreaux, Zhongfeng Su, Zhan Wu, Pekka Stenholm","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01160-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01160-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kate Yi-En Zeng, Shova Thapa Karki, Steven A. Brieger, Lutz Preuss
{"title":"Navigating competing priorities for societal value creation: tensions in sustainability-driven enterprises across venture stages","authors":"Kate Yi-En Zeng, Shova Thapa Karki, Steven A. Brieger, Lutz Preuss","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01155-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01155-7","url":null,"abstract":"In the pursuit of impact, entrepreneurs encounter various sustainability tensions throughout the development stages of their venture. Recognizing these tensions is critical for navigating and negotiating competing priorities in societal value creation. However, existing studies on sustainability tensions have mainly focused on large and incumbent firms. While studies exploring tensions in small enterprises have started to emerge, limited attention has been given to sustainability-driven enterprises and the types of tensions they encounter as they move through different venture stages in the pursuit of and scaling for impact. In this paper, we aim to fill this research gap by examining the tensions that sustainability-driven enterprises experience at different venture stages. We employ a multiple case study approach to identify tensions that entrepreneurs encounter in pursuing social and environmental impacts. Our findings identify tensions at three levels—individual, organizational, and macro-level context—and highlight how different tensions dominate at different stages, each carrying distinct implications for impact creation and scaling.","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146005927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulatory thresholds and post-IPO acquisitions: evidence from the JOBS Act","authors":"Azizjon Alimov","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01152-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01152-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A tale of two startups: the loss and gain of startups in the U.S. economy in the pandemic","authors":"Robert Fairlie, Frank M. Fossen, Ke Lyu","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01171-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01171-7","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic delivered an unprecedented shock to business entry, with sharply contrasting effects on different types of startups. Using newly constructed administrative data from the Comprehensive Startup Panel covering the universe of U.S. startups, we provide the first official numbers of the pandemic’s impact on employer and nonemployer startup dynamics. Nonemployer startup formation declined substantially in 2020, while the number of employer startups unexpectedly increased. In 2021, nonemployer formation rebounded, almost offsetting the 2020 decline. Survival outcomes also diverged: nonemployer startup survival dropped markedly during the pandemic, whereas employer startup survival remained largely stable. Within nonemployer startups, the contraction was broad-based, affecting nonemployers with and without an Employer Identification Number, an indicator of growth orientation. These findings reveal a pronounced compositional shift between employer and nonemployer startups and underscore the importance of designing policies tailored to nonemployer startups in economic crises.","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"276 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146006078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joan-Lluís Capelleras, Ignacio Contín-Pilart, Martin Larraza-Kintana, Victor Martin-Sanchez
{"title":"Entrepreneurial growth aspirations and the adoption of environmental actions: the role of regulatory stringency","authors":"Joan-Lluís Capelleras, Ignacio Contín-Pilart, Martin Larraza-Kintana, Victor Martin-Sanchez","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01159-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01159-3","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates how entrepreneurs’ growth aspirations relate to the adoption of environmental actions and how national environmental regulations moderate this relationship. We argue that growth-oriented entrepreneurs are more likely to adopt environmentally oriented behaviors due to long-term investment logic and legitimacy-seeking considerations. Moreover, we propose that stringent environmental regulations strengthen this relationship by reinforcing both mechanisms. Using a multisource dataset and applying a multilevel analysis, we find support for our hypotheses. The findings highlight the importance of both entrepreneurial growth aspirations and regulatory environments in shaping entrepreneurs’ engagement in environmental actions.","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"243 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145955080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonios D. Livieratos, George Tsekouras, Wim Vanhaverbeke, Georgia Tsiliki
{"title":"Unlocking SME innovation success through sequenced collaboration","authors":"Antonios D. Livieratos, George Tsekouras, Wim Vanhaverbeke, Georgia Tsiliki","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01156-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01156-6","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sequence their open innovation (OI) activities over the course of individual innovation projects. Moving beyond static firm-level analyses, we explore the dynamics of partner engagement and value capture in 106 European SMEs. Using a dataset of 500 OI activities—termed “OI moves”—we identify patterns that combine partner type and exploitation mode. By comparing more and less successful SMEs, we reveal that sequencing plays a critical role in innovation outcomes. Successful SMEs tend to engage R&D service providers early, prioritize internal exploitation initially, and later transition to co- and external exploitation. In contrast, less successful SMEs rely prematurely on external exploitation and fail to retain value from their innovation efforts. Our dynamic, journey-based approach advances the predominantly static treatment of OI in prior research by operationalizing OI as sequences of linked activities rather than isolated collaboration choices. This enables us to identify a limited set of recurrent pathways associated with successful outcomes, as well as distinct pathways that consistently lead to unsuccessful outcomes. We also highlight the underexplored role of exploitation modes in OI: not just <jats:italic>which</jats:italic> partners SMEs engage, but <jats:italic>when</jats:italic> and under <jats:italic>which value-capture logic</jats:italic> . The sequencing of internal, joint, and external exploitation emerges as a key differentiator between successful and less successful SME innovation strategies. For theory, the study contributes a dynamic process perspective to OI research, demonstrating that value capture is path-dependent and shaped by the temporal ordering of OI moves. For practice, the findings provide actionable guidance of steps for SMEs to follow in order to be successful with OI.","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Childhood exposure to natural disasters and future entrepreneurship in adulthood","authors":"Nathan Sidney Greidanus, Chi Liao","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01145-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01145-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno Fischer, Angelica Pigola, Pedro Henrique Napoli, Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes
{"title":"Seeing through the mist: why the narrative of a secular decline in entrepreneurship is premature","authors":"Bruno Fischer, Angelica Pigola, Pedro Henrique Napoli, Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01161-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01161-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Innovation and firm survival over the industry life cycle","authors":"Ann Hipp, Martin Kalthaus","doi":"10.1007/s11187-025-01139-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01139-7","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze how patents, R&D subsidies, and subsidized R&D collaborations influence firm survival in the German photovoltaics industry. We collected data on 154 firms, covering the whole industry life cycle from the emergence of the industry in 1964 until 2016, including the industry’s shakeout and decline. We utilize time-variant data for these measures for innovation activity and use discrete-time hazard models to estimate their relationship with firm survival. Our results show that patenting increases a firm's probability of survival. In contrast to previous findings, process patents do not increase survival, but product patents do. Furthermore, we do not find a relationship between public R&D subsidies or subsidized R&D collaboration and firm survival. Other factors, such as entry timing, the dynamics in the industry, and demand-side policies, show expected relationships. We provide recommendations for managers and policy makers who seek to engage in innovative activities to enhance firm survival.","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145902435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small Business EconomicsPub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-05-22DOI: 10.1007/s11187-026-01230-7
Marc Cowling, Kit Pong Wong, Huan Yang
{"title":"Variable and fixed rate debt: Gambling on the future state of the economy after Covid-19.","authors":"Marc Cowling, Kit Pong Wong, Huan Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11187-026-01230-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-026-01230-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>After a decade of low and stable interest rates, recent global events have introduced a significant degree of economic turbulence causing a spike in inflation and central banks across the world to raise their base rates. This in turn was transmitted to commercial lenders who raised their loan interest rates. In this paper we use a large UK firm survey for 2020-2023 to consider the extent to which firms were able to access fixed or variable rate loans, and the types of firms and debt associated with each type of loan interest rate. This is important as fixed rate loans insure the borrower against future adverse states of the economy whilst lenders may prefer variable rate loans as this insures them against future volatility and uncertainty, and shifts risk to the borrower. Our key findings are that only 19.5% of loans were issued at a variable rate and that larger and more risk-tolerant firms received variable rate loans. We also found that mortgage debt was the most likely to be issued at variable rates of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":21803,"journal":{"name":"Small Business Economics","volume":"67 3","pages":"1435-1450"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}