Sociology and anthropology最新文献

{"title":"Learning Analytics: Online Higher Education in Management","authors":"Eulalia Torras Virgili","doi":"10.13189/SA.2019.070202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/SA.2019.070202","url":null,"abstract":"Learning analytics are a set of methods and techniques that collect, process, inform and successfully produce machine-readable data continuously to analyze the educational process and enable improvement decisions. The research aim is to develop and verify an instrument, based on theoretical contributions accepted by the international community that can evaluate the quality of online higher education in management based on Learning Analytics methods. The online teaching-learning model in management proposed that students' actions focused on an educational activity should be in the central position. This online teaching-learning model in management has been proposed according to five components: institution management, technological presence, instructional design, intra-psychological component and an inter-psychological or social component. Building upon the Teaching and Learning in Online Education Institutions in Management Model, an instrument has been created and provided that includes the dimensions, categories and variables of each component. Analyzing these components, we see that the dimensions, categories and variables for each are adequate to support the analysis of online higher education institutions in management.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83251727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development Induced Displacement; A Review of Risks Faced by Communities in Developing Countries","authors":"Caroline Aboda, F. Mugagga, P. Byakagaba, G. Nabanoga","doi":"10.13189/sa.2019.070205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2019.070205","url":null,"abstract":"About 15 million people every year are forced to live their homes to give way for huge development projects such as dams, highways, and mining. In most developing countries, such projects have been noted to increase ecological and social vulnerability, thus leaving the affected people displaced, disempowered and destitute. The literature review paper focused on the different risks communities are exposed to due to development induced displacement and resettlement. The data presented is review of online peer-reviewed and grey literature between the years 1980 through 2018. The risks analyzed through the Impoverishment, Risk and Reconstruction (IRR) model acts as a guide in selecting and understanding the risks of development induced displacement and Resettlement (DIDR) during social vulnerability assessment. Often the question of social vulnerability has been largely ignored due to the difficulty in quantification. Risk analysis also provides ground to further investigate reasons for the occurrence and persistency of the risks, in developing countries such as India, Sudan, and Kenya. The findings of the review through the IRR model indicated that displacement and resettlement exposes project affected people to some opportunities, but largely associated with more risks. Some of the reasons for the persistency of the risks included; compensation for lost properties and lack of experience and capacity to handle resettlement processes. Identifying reasons for the persistency of the already known risks, especially in developing countries builds on the previous work on DIDR risks by Micheal Cernea and other researchers.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90206938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Conflict between traditional Cultural Praxis and Christian Faith: A Discourse of Oshiri Community in Onicha Local Government Area of Ebonyi State","authors":"Ukpa Uche-Egbulam","doi":"10.13189/sa.2019.070201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2019.070201","url":null,"abstract":"Oshiri community is one of the five communities that make up Onicha Local Government in Ebonyi State. Oshiri community inherited her traditional practices from her great grand founders. Christianity came into the Oshiri community after the settlement of the first people that arrived Oshiri. In Oshiri, they started developing cultures and other traditions which forms the culture of Oshiri people this day. In the later time, Christianity came-in with its own culture contradicting Oshiri cultures, and on several occasions, Christians in Oshiri abhor the tradition of the land intentionally Vis-versa. It is on this that this research focuses on the conflict between traditional praxis and Christian faith in Oshiri community. Specifically, does cultural praxis of Oshiri community actually conflicts with Christian faith in the area? This is the research problem which this research has been able to discuss. This research has been able to investigate the culture of Oshiri people, their marriage life, their economy and business life, their socio-political organization and lots more. Also, the research discusses various traditional practices of Oshiri people and how such praxis conflict with the faith of Christians. The research paper anchored on the religious pluralism and social learning theory, on the application this research adopted a descriptive phenomenological method with respect to the history and tradition of Oshiri people. The research concluded that some of the cultural practices of Oshiri people like marriage system, Aju and new yam festivals, age grade system conflict with the faith of the Christians in the area. Meanwhile, if both Christians and traditional adherents will come to understand the differences in the belief system, practices and the way each group understand its own religion, it will help the people to work together without having any misconception. Also, enlightenment and good understanding among the people will help in the unity of traditional adherents and Christians in Oshiri community.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84152744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Cash Transfers and Children's Rights in Zambia","authors":"David S. Chibanda","doi":"10.13189/SA.2019.070103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/SA.2019.070103","url":null,"abstract":"Social cash transfers are gaining momentum within developing countries, including Zambia. Cash transfers are income support payments given to vulnerable households to reduce extreme poverty and promote children's education, health and nutrition. Since 2004, Zambia has been implementing cash transfers. A number of studies have concluded that cash transfers have helped reduce poverty among poor households in the country. This study assesses the extent to which cash transfers in Zambia have impacted on poverty reduction and children's rights. The study concludes that, while there is evidence that cash transfers have helped to reduce poverty and improve children's access to social services, their effective implementation remains constrained by administrative, coordination, and capacity challenges, as well as lack of a defined long-term financial commitment.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81077367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poverty in Uganda: Causes and Strategies for Reduction with Great Emphasis on Ethics and Ecological Justice","authors":"G. Lubaale","doi":"10.13189/SA.2019.070102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/SA.2019.070102","url":null,"abstract":"Uganda is one of the 56 countries on the African continent and among the developing countries in the world. It is one of the poor countries in the world with poverty rates standing at 19.7 percent in 2013. The paper aimed at establishing the causes of poverty in a rich and well-endowed country, and the strategies for poverty reduction with great emphasis on ethics and ecological justice. Although Uganda is among the Sub-Saharan African countries that registered the highest rates of poverty reduction, the country remains among the poorest in the world. According to a 2016 poverty assessment, poverty in Uganda reduced significantly between 2006 and 2013. The number of Ugandans living below the poverty line declined from 31.1 percent in 2006 to 19.7 percent in 2013. However, the actual poverty situation on the ground is pathetic because of ethical, ecological, historical, political, economic and social injustices. In conclusion, Uganda remains one of the poor countries in the world despite significant poverty reduction which underscores the need for more governmental commitment, ethics and ecological justice as well as global contribution.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86066440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Escaping Prophets in Zomia: The Sect of Ziona","authors":"Vanlalpeka","doi":"10.13189/sa.2019.070304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2019.070304","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses about the biggest family in the world, the family of Pu Ziona, which has unique and peculiar stories to tell. The religious community led by the different leaders of the sect has fascinating narratives – exotic manifestations, polygamous feature, isolation from mainline society, communal life, and exceptional adaptability for economic sustenance. Presently, the nephew of the founding father, Pu Ziona inherited leadership of the community from his uncle and has as many as 39 wives, women of different dispositions with diverse family backgrounds. The community of Ziona also known as Lalpa Kohhran Thar (New Church of the Lord) or Chhuanthar Kohhran (Church of New Generation) has not simply survived in a context in which denominational churches have forced most new religious movements to fizzle out after a couple of decades or so; the Ziona’s family has been flourishing. Looking at the close resemblance of the community with that of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Lalsawma called the movement The Mormons of Mizoram, also comparable with The Family in America. Like other new religious movements in the state, Vanlalchhuanawma observes that there is an “anomalistic” trait that protests against the orthodoxy of mainline churches. The community is dominated by a number of mythical features – the unchallenged status of the founding fathers, the uniqueness of the members and their unique destiny, etc. Revelation is something that is continual and keeps on going, and in this sense they challenge the unique revelation found in the Bible. In the same line, the community’s dream has been characterized by millenarianism that is distinctly utopian. They expect the coming of a golden age in which the church’s members will be redeemed from imminent disaster and will be given special privileges in a post-apocalyptic period. Oftentimes, they considered themselves the new Israel, the new chosen nation/family.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90318729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Path to Become the Eighth Wonder of the World: A Philosophical Re-examination of Nigeria and Her Chronicles of Corruption","authors":"Ogabo Godwin Adinya, Dokpesi Timothy Adidi","doi":"10.13189/sa.2019.070101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2019.070101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73258096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Comparison of Leisure Concept and Behaviour among Residents of Ibadan and Benin: The Role of Culture and Leisure in Improving and Sustaining Community Cohesion, Happiness and Wellbeing","authors":"V. O. Ighodaro","doi":"10.13189/SA.2019.070104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/SA.2019.070104","url":null,"abstract":"The immense cultural diversity and natural beauties embedded in the communities of Oyo and Benin explains the wide array of leisure opportunities available in these regions. Culture and leisure are binomial, removing ethnic and political obstacles and facilitates dialogue among the people. Promotion of culture and leisure can serve as a tool to address and tackle unhealthy lifestyles and empowering communities, families and individuals for social development in the communities within the metropolises and across other African regions, providing the youth with better opportunities for a happier life and wellbeing. Benin City, in Edo State, South-South Nigeria and Ibadan in Oyo State, South-West Nigeria respectively, is some of the areas with diverse cultural practices. Some of these cultural practices which endured centuries of practice work for the people of these areas, as it concerns health and wellbeing through leisure activities, and affect the behaviour of the people who are the culture bearers. There is a growing recognition that there is the freedom as a people to express our cultural identity which we are and celebrate our cultural differences which further strengthens the interactions within us and with other cultures, creating opportunities for togetherness and communal living for happiness. The development of inter-cultural strategy to leisure in the above settlements and the participation in creative activities with the interpretations and expression of their arts, history, heritage and traditions can promote access to leisure, raise awareness that can bring about social change and promote leadership. Therefore, participating in cultural leisure activities can enhance community cohesion, peace and strength. The purpose of this document is to identify the existence and practice of cultural leisure activities among residents of Oyo and Benin kingdoms and create the understanding to engage more effectively and collaboratively with each other and bring creative solutions by communities, families and individual engagement in cultural leisure activities. This study therefore investigated the activities that people in these communities do for fun during their free time, their favorite ways of spending free time and factors that shape the experience of leisure. Semi-structured interview was used as the method for data collection with fourteen respondents. Constant comparative analysis was used to analyze data comparing different categories and observing any uniformities or differences. The population consists of adults' residents in Ibadan and Benin. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the respondents for the study; a self-designed, validated and structured questionnaire for the study was used. It is recommended that: quality social interaction that encompasses the need to engage in some forms of activities for ourselves and people, the existence of supportive relationships and social cohesion should be encouraged to further create","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91534045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Problems of Primary School Children with Disabilities in Uganda","authors":"Dastan Bamwesigye, P. Hlaváčková","doi":"10.13189/SA.2018.061203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/SA.2018.061203","url":null,"abstract":"This research study focused on an investigation into the factors contributing to the dropout of children with disabilities (CWD) in rural schools in Uganda with a case study of Ntungamo District. Questionnaires interviews were carried out by the research team. The data collected was compiled and analyzed. Findings indicated that majority of the respondents were in agreement that social and economic needs of children with disabilities is the major factor that contributes to the drop out of children with disabilities from rural schools. Other outcomes show that shortage of staff in schools contributes to drop out of children with disabilities, poor teachers attitudes towards the disabled children, poor government policies, hatred and discrimination against the disabled children, absence of morale by teacher's, lack of special equipment for teaching children with special needs was also averagely supported. The study recommends that the Government of Uganda and the responsible ministry put aspects of inclusion of all children into consideration, and also provide the necessary financial support as well as intensifying long life learning programs for special needs teachers with focus on primary education among other levels. Further comprehensive research ought to be of paramount importance in understanding challenges facing CWD.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83326199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of the Relationship between Gynecological Age with Birth Weight and Chronological Age with Birth Weight in Teenage Mothers in Kota Bekasi West Java","authors":"Siti Masyitah, Kusharisupeni","doi":"10.13189/sa.2018.060301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/sa.2018.060301","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teenage pregnancy is high-risk pregnancies are associated with a high incidence of premature birth, low birth weight (LBW), and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Aim: We examined the relationship between gynecological age and birth weight and chronological age with birth weight in teenage mothers in eight, Puskesmas Kota Bekasi. We determined differences in the strength of the relationship between gynecological age and chronological age with birth weight in teenage mothers in Bekasi. Research methods: This is a cross-sectional study to investigate the correlation between gynecological age and chronological age as an independent variable, with birth weight as the dependent variable. Result. Mothers with gynecological age <4 years than their chronological age had a 4 fold risk of having a baby weighing <3000 grams, which is the birth weight-related to non-communicable diseases in adulthood, and mothers with chronological age < 16 years had a 2 times higher risk of giving birth to babies weighing <3000 grams. Pre-pregnancy stature, pre-pregnant BMI, the increase in weight during pregnancy and anemia were found to be confounding factors in the relationship between gynecological age and chronological age with birth weight of babies. Conclusion: Gynecological age and chronological age are associated with infant birth weight in teenage mothers in Bekasi 2015. Gynecological age is more strongly correlated with birth weight compared with chronological age. Suggestion: It is advisable to delay the first pregnancy for women in Indonesia to at least 18 years of age. Another study is done by looking at the risk of gynecological age and chronological age with low birth weight and stunted growth.","PeriodicalId":21798,"journal":{"name":"Sociology and anthropology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73675676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}