Sexual Plant Reproduction最新文献_第8页

Asymmetric cell division of rice zygotes located in embryo sac and produced by in vitro fertilization. 位于胚囊内的水稻离体受精受精卵的不对称细胞分裂。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-09-01 Epub Date: 2010-01-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0129-9

Akiko Sato, Kiminori Toyooka, Takashi Okamoto

{"title":"Asymmetric cell division of rice zygotes located in embryo sac and produced by in vitro fertilization.","authors":"Akiko Sato, Kiminori Toyooka, Takashi Okamoto","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0129-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0129-9","url":null,"abstract":"In angiosperms, a zygote generally divides into an asymmetric two-celled embryo consisting of an apical and a basal cell. This unequal division of the zygote is a putative first step for formation of the apical-basal axis of plants and is a fundamental feature of early embryogenesis and morphogenesis in angiosperms. Because fertilization and subsequent embryogenesis occur in embryo sacs, which are deeply embedded in ovular tissue, in vitro fertilization of isolated gametes is a powerful system to dissect mechanisms of fertilization and post-fertilization events. Rice is an emerging molecular and experimental model plant, however, profile of the first zygotic division within embryo sac and thus origin of apical-basal embryo polarity has not been closely investigated. Therefore, in the present study, the division pattern of rice zygote in planta was first determined accurately by observations employing serial sections of the egg apparatus, zygotes and two-celled embryos in the embryo sac. The rice zygote divides asymmetrically into a two-celled embryo consisting of a statistically significantly smaller apical cell with dense cytoplasm and a larger vacuolated basal cell. Moreover, detailed observations of division profiles of zygotes prepared by in vitro fertilization indicate that the zygote also divides into an asymmetric two-celled embryo as in planta. Such observations suggest that in vitro-produced rice zygotes and two-celled embryos may be useful as experimental models for further investigations into the mechanism and control of asymmetric division of plant zygotes.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"211-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0129-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28630483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 35

Genetic interaction between AINTEGUMENTA (ANT) and the ovule identity genes SEEDSTICK (STK), SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1) and SHATTERPROOF2 (SHP2). AINTEGUMENTA (ANT)与胚珠鉴定基因SEEDSTICK (STK)、SHATTERPROOF1 (SHP1)和SHATTERPROOF2 (SHP2)的遗传互作

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0130-3

Alessia Losa, Monica Colombo, Vittoria Brambilla, Lucia Colombo

引用次数: 21

Developmental and cytogenetic analyses of pollen sterility in Valeriana scandens L. 缬草花粉不育性的发育及细胞遗传学分析。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2010-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0128-x

Erica Duarte-Silva, André L L Vanzela, Jorge E A Mariath

{"title":"Developmental and cytogenetic analyses of pollen sterility in Valeriana scandens L.","authors":"Erica Duarte-Silva, André L L Vanzela, Jorge E A Mariath","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0128-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0128-x","url":null,"abstract":"Valeriana scandens presents perfect and pistillate flowers, the latter with sterile anthers. The species is composed of two varieties with different ploidy; V. scandens var. scandens (2n = 28) and V. scandens var. candolleana (2n = 56), both of which occur in RS, Brazil. Crosses between these varieties may give rise to hybrids with pollen sterility. In this study, we analyzed the microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis of sterile and fertile anthers, and also investigate whether pollen sterility is caused by an irregular meiotic process. Developmental analysis using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that sterile anthers develop similarly to fertile anthers until the end of meiosis. After this stage, sterile tetrads do not separate as a consequence of exine fusion between adjacent microspores, which is similar to sterile pollen of Brassica ms-cdl1 mutants. In addition, vacuolated immature pollen grains degenerate after separation. The cytogenetic analysis of the microspore mother cell (MMC) showed that the diploid population of V. scandens var. scandens (2n = 28) has pollen sterility that is not caused by a cytogenetic disturbance. The MMCs analyzed from prophase I to tetrad stage showed a regular meiotic process, indicating the phenotype of V. scandens sterile pollen is a postmeiotic process formed by fusion of exine between opposite microspores.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"105-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0128-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28637567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Sperm dimorphism in terms of nuclear shape and microtubule accumulation in Cyrtanthus mackenii. 从核形状和微管积累的角度看金盏花精子二态性。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0123-2

Tomonari Hirano, Yoichiro Hoshino

引用次数: 13

A comparative analysis of the distribution and composition of lipidic constituents and associated enzymes in pollen and stigma of sunflower. 向日葵花粉和柱头中脂质成分及相关酶的分布和组成比较分析。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-12-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0125-0

Rashmi Shakya, Satish Chander Bhatla

{"title":"A comparative analysis of the distribution and composition of lipidic constituents and associated enzymes in pollen and stigma of sunflower.","authors":"Rashmi Shakya, Satish Chander Bhatla","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0125-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0125-0","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial distribution and compositional analyses of the lipidic constituents in pollen and stigma of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Morden) were conducted using ultrastructural, histochemical, and biochemical analysis. Detection of secretions at the base of stigmatic papillae and neutral lipid accumulations on the surface of stigmatic papillae and between adjacent pseudopapillae demonstrates the semidry nature of stigma surface in sunflower. Pollen coat is richer in lipids (8%) than stigma (2.2%) on fresh weight basis. Nile Red-fluorescing neutral lipids are preferentially localized in the pollen coat. Neutral esters and triacylglycerols (TAGs) are the major lipidic constituents in pollen grains and stigma, respectively. Lignoceric acid (24:0) and cis-11-eicosenoic acid (20:1) are specifically expressed only in the pollen coat. Similar long-chain fatty acids have earlier been demonstrated to play a significant role during the initial signaling mechanism leading to hydration of pollen grains on the stigma surface. Lipase (EC 3.1.1.3) activity is expressed both in pollen grains and stigma. Stigma exhibits a better expression of acyl-ester hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.1) activity than that of observed in both the pollen fractions. Expression of two acyl-ester hydrolases (41 and 38 kDa) has been found to be specific to pollen coat. Specific expression of lignoceric acid (24:0) in pollen coat and localization of lipase in pollen and stigma have been discussed to assign possible roles that they might play during pollen-stigma interaction.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"163-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0125-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29007319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The regulation of vesicle trafficking by small GTPases and phospholipids during pollen tube growth. 花粉管生长过程中小gtp酶和磷脂对囊泡运输的调控。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0118-z

Yan Zhang, Sheila McCormick

引用次数: 49

Semi-viviparous embryo development and dehydrin expression in the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam. 红树半胎生胚胎发育及脱氢酶的表达。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2010-01-19 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0127-y

Flora Abdulrahman Ismail, Lisette M C Nitsch, Mieke M C Wolters-Arts, Celestina Mariani, Jan W M Derksen

{"title":"Semi-viviparous embryo development and dehydrin expression in the mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Lam.","authors":"Flora Abdulrahman Ismail, Lisette M C Nitsch, Mieke M C Wolters-Arts, Celestina Mariani, Jan W M Derksen","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0127-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0127-y","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizophora mucronata Lam. is a tropical mangrove with semi-viviparous (cotyledon body protrusion before shedding), non-quiescent and non-desiccating (recalcitrant) seeds. As recalcitrance has been thought to relate to the absence of desiccation-related proteins such as dehydrins, we for the first time systematically described and classified embryogenesis in R. mucronata and assessed the presence of dehydrin-like proteins. Embryogenesis largely follows the classic pattern till stage eight, the torpedo stage, with the formation of a cotyledonary body. Ovule and embryo express radical adaptations to semi-vivipary in the saline environment: (1) A large, highly vacuolated and persistent endosperm without noticeable food reserves that envelopes the developing embryo. (2) Absence of vascular tissue connections between embryo and maternal tissue, but, instead, transfer layers in between endosperm and integument and endosperm and embryo. Dehydrin-like proteins (55-65 kDa) were detected by the Western analysis, in the ovules till stage 10 when the integuments are dehisced. An additional 50 kDa band was detected at stages 6-8. Together these results suggest a continuous flow of water with nutrients from the integument via the endosperm to the embryo, circumventing the vascular route and probably suppressing the initially induced dehydrin expression.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"95-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0127-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28655511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Variability of the self-incompatibility reaction in Brassica oleracea L. with S 15 haplotype. 甘蓝s15单倍型自交不亲和反应的变异。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0119-y

Houria Hadj-Arab, Anne-Marie Chèvre, Thierry Gaude, Véronique Chable

{"title":"Variability of the self-incompatibility reaction in Brassica oleracea L. with S 15 haplotype.","authors":"Houria Hadj-Arab, Anne-Marie Chèvre, Thierry Gaude, Véronique Chable","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0119-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0119-y","url":null,"abstract":"Self-incompatibility (SI) is thought to have played a key role in the evolution of species as it promotes their outcrossing through the recognition and rejection of self-pollen grains. In most species, SI is under the control of a complex, multiallelic S-locus. The recognition system is associated with quantitative variations of the strength of the SI reaction; the origin of these variations is still not elucidated. To define the genetic regulations involved, we studied the variability of the SI response in homozygous S 15 S 15 plants in cauliflower. These plants were obtained from a self-progeny of a self-compatible (SC) plant heterozygous for S 15, which was generated after five selfing generations from one strongly self-incompatible initial plant. We found a continuous phenotypic variation for SI response in the offspring plants homozygous for the S 15 haplotype, from the strict SI reaction to self-compatibility, with a great proportion of the plants being partially self-compatible (PSC). Decrease in SI levels was also observed during the life of the flower. The number of pollen tubes passing through the stigma barrier was higher when counted 3 or 5 days after pollination than one day after pollination. Analysis of the expression of the two key genes regulating self-pollen recognition in cauliflower, the S-locus receptor kinase (SRK) and S-locus cysteine-rich (SCR/SP11) genes, revealed that self-compatibility or PSC was associated with decreased SRK or SCR/SP11 expression. Our work shows the particularly high level of phenotypic plasticity of the SI response associated with certain S-haplotypes in cauliflower.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"141-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0119-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29007317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Disruption of endosperm development: an inbreeding effect in almond (Prunus dulcis). 杏仁(Prunus dulcis)胚乳发育的破坏:近交效应。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-10-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0117-0

Encarnación Ortega, Pedro J Martínez-García, Federico Dicenta, José Egea

{"title":"Disruption of endosperm development: an inbreeding effect in almond (Prunus dulcis).","authors":"Encarnación Ortega, Pedro J Martínez-García, Federico Dicenta, José Egea","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0117-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0117-0","url":null,"abstract":"A homozygous self-compatible almond, originated from self-fertilization of a self-compatible genotype and producing a reasonable yield following open pollination, exhibited a very high fruit drop rate when self-pollinated. To investigate whether fruit dropping in this individual is related to an abnormal development of the embryo sac following self-fertilization, histological sections of ovaries from self and cross-pollinated flowers were observed by light microscopy. Additionally, the presence of pollen tubes in the ovary and fruit set were determined for both types of pollination. Despite pollen tubes reached the ovary after both pollinations, differences in embryo sac and endosperm development after fertilization were found. Thus, while for cross-fertilized ovules a pro-embryo and an endosperm with abundant nuclei were generally observed, most self-fertilized ovules remained in a previous developmental stage in which the embryo sac was not elongated and endosperm nuclei were absent. Although 30 days after pollination fruit set was similar for both pollination types, at 60 days it was significantly reduced for self-pollination. These results provide evidence that the high fruit drop in this genotype is the consequence of a disrupted development of the endosperm, what could be an expression of its high level of inbreeding.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"135-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0117-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29007316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Polycomb group gene function in sexual and asexual seed development in angiosperms. 多梳群基因在被子植物有性和无性种子发育中的作用。

Sexual Plant Reproduction Pub Date : 2010-06-01 Epub Date: 2009-12-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-009-0131-2

Julio C M Rodrigues, Ming Luo, Frédéric Berger, Anna M G Koltunow

{"title":"Polycomb group gene function in sexual and asexual seed development in angiosperms.","authors":"Julio C M Rodrigues, Ming Luo, Frédéric Berger, Anna M G Koltunow","doi":"10.1007/s00497-009-0131-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00497-009-0131-2","url":null,"abstract":"In sexually reproducing angiosperms, double fertilization initiates seed development, giving rise to two fertilization products, the embryo and the endosperm. In the endosperm, a terminal nutritive tissue that supports embryo growth, certain genes are expressed differentially depending on their parental origin, and this genomic imbalance is required for proper seed formation. This parent-of-origin effect on gene expression, called genomic imprinting, is controlled epigenetically through histone modifications and DNA methylation. In the sexual model plant Arabidopsis, the Polycomb group (PcG) genes of the plant Fertilization Independent Seed (FIS)-class control genomic imprinting by specifically silencing maternal or paternal target alleles through histone modifications. Mutations in FIS genes can lead to a bypass in the requirement of fertilization for the initiation of endosperm development and seed abortion. In this review, we discuss the role of the FIS complex in establishing and maintaining genomic imprinting, focusing on recent advances in elucidating the expression and function of FIS-related genes in maize, rice, and Hieracium, and particularly including apomictic Hieracium species that do not require paternal contribution and thus form seeds asexually. Surprisingly, not all FIS-mediated functions described in Arabidopsis are conserved. However, the function of some PcG components are required for viable seed formation in seeds formed via sexual and asexual processes (apomixis) in Hieracium, suggesting a conservation of the seed viability function in some eudicots.","PeriodicalId":21770,"journal":{"name":"Sexual Plant Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"123-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00497-009-0131-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28618160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 46