Slovenian Veterinary Research最新文献

{"title":"PALLIATIVE JAW-SPARING TREATMENT OF A NON-RESECTABLE CANINE ORAL FIBROSARCOMA USING COMBINATION OF ELECTROCHEMOTHERAPY WITH BLEOMYCIN AND IL-12 GENE ELECTROTRANSFER","authors":"Darja Pavlin, A. Nemec, U. L. Tratar, M. Čemažar, Andreja Brožič, G. Serša, N. Tozon","doi":"10.26873/SVR-1148-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1148-2020","url":null,"abstract":"A 15-year- old male castrated English setter was presented for evaluation of a rapidly growing oral mass. Patient’s history was otherwise unremarkable, except of moderate proteinuria of 5 years duration. Clinical examination findings were within normal limits, except of an ulcerated located at the left mandibular canine tooth, which was histologically confirmed as a high grade infiltrative fibrosarcoma with high mitotic index (61/10 HPF) and multifocal necrotic areas. The client declined full staging, so only hematological and biochemistry examinations of blood were performed, which were without any clinically significant alterations. Furthermore a fine needle aspiration biopsy of regional lymph nodes was performed, which revealed reactive lymphadenopathy without signs of metastases. After declining other more invasive therapeutic procedures, the clients elected treatment with combination of electrochemotherapy and IL-12 electrogene therapy. Four consecutive treatment sessions were performed, resulting not only in complete response of the primary tumor, but also in regression of untreated distant metastasis, which was diagnosed approximately one month after the initial examination.  Furthermore, the percentage of circulating CD8+ cells was increased after each therapy session, indicating possible systemic induction of immune response by IL-12 gene therapy. This case shows that this type of therapy can represent an alternative type of both local and systemic treatment in selected tumor cases, where clients seek a less invasive nonsurgical treatment. Key words: dog; fibrosarcoma; electroporation; electrochemotherapy; electrogene therepy, interleukin-12 PALIATIVNO ZDRAVLJENJE NERESEKTABILNEGA FIBROSARKOMA SPODNJE CELJUSTI PRI PSU S KOMBINACIJO ELEKTROKEMOTERAPIJE Z BLEOMICINOM IN GENSKEGA ELEKTROPRENOSA IL-12 Izvlecek: Petnajstleni kastrirani angleski seter je bil na naso kliniko sprejet z namenom pregleda hitro rastoce novotvorbe v ustni votlini. Pes ni imel pomembnejsih socasnih bolezni, razen zmerne proteinurije zadnjih pet let. Fizikalni pregled ni pokazal nikakrsnih odstopanj z izjemo ulcerirane novotvorbe na podrocju levega mandibularnega grabilca. Histoloska diagnoza novotvorbe je bila infiltrativni fibrosarkom visoke stopnje z visokim mitoticnim indeksom (61/10 v polju visoke povecave) in multifokalnimi nekroticnimi podrocji. Skrbnik psa je zavrnil popolno dolocitev stadija bolezni, zato smo izvedli le osnovne hematoloske in biokemijske preisakve, ki niso pokazale pomembnejsih odstopanj. Izvedli smo tudi tankoligelno biopsijo regionalnih bezgavk, ki je pokazala reaktivno limfadenopatijo brez znakov prisotnosti zasevkov. Po predstavitvi vseh možnosti zdravljenja se je lastnik odlocil za zdravljenje s kombinacijo elektrokemoterapije in genskega elektroprenosa IL-12. Izvedli smo stiri zaporedne cikluse kombinirane terapije, s katero smo dosegli ne le popolni odgovor primarnega tumorja, pac pa tudi regresijo nezdravljenih oddaljenih podkožnih me","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44345654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TELENCEPHALON VASCULARITY IN DOG (Canis lupus f. familiaris)","authors":"K. Kirkiłło-Stacewicz, W. Nowicki, J. Wach","doi":"10.26873/SVR-957-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-957-2020","url":null,"abstract":"The studies of the vascularization of the cerebrum in dog were performed on 80 cerebral hemispheres. It was found that the middle cerebral artery is the strongest vessel supplying blood to the cerebrum. The artery gets divided into ten permanent branches. Two olfactory arteries supply the region of the cerebrum located on the border between the old and the new cortex. The other eight supply the region of the new cortex: three branches aiming at the frontal lobe, two branches at the parietal lobe and three temporal branches aiming at temporal area. The frontal, parietal and temporal branches descended independently from the main trunk of the middle cerebral artery or formed a common trunk. Common trunks for respective groups of branches have been described as the rostral, dorsal and caudal middle cerebral artery. In 2.5% of cases there were two independent branches of the middle cerebral artery extending from the rostral cerebral artery.","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON EFFICACY OF SYNTHETIC CHEMICALS AND PLANT EXTRACTS FOR TICK CONTROL","authors":"Madiha Arshed, Shabab Nasir, T. Hussain, Masroor Illahi Babar, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.26873/SVR-1052-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/SVR-1052-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Ticks are considered as harmful and economically important ectoparasites because their infestation seriously affects the cattle worldwide. Tick control with synthetic acaricides is not only dangerous for animal and human health but also causes environmental pollution. The present study was designed to evaluate the plant extracts in comparison with synthetic acaricides to control Hyalomma anatolicum . Five different concentrations (50, 100, 250, 500 and 750 ppm) of methanolic plant extracts and acaricides, were employed to evaluate the mortality of ticks after 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hrs. Mortality data was analyzed through Probit analysis to calculate the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and the median lethal time (LT 50 ). Methanolic extract from Azadirachta indica demonstrated the highest mortality (LC 50 = 38.3 ppm) of ticks as compared to Dalbergia sissoo (LC 50 = 58.76 ppm) and Morus alba (LC 50 = 92.95 ppm). Amongst acaricides, fipronil exhibited highest mortality (LC 50 = 35.01 ppm) when compared with emamectin (LC 50 = 46.87 ppm) and cypermethrin (LC 50 = 37.83 ppm). Higher concentration (750 ppm) of acaricides (fipronil, emamectin and cypermethrin) displayed quicker mortality (LT 50 = 6.53-8.95 hrs) as compare to the plant extracts (LT 50 = 8.49-29.17 hrs). Effects of these treatments were also studied on egg masses and reproductive index (RI) of the surviving ticks. The results revealed a significant, concentration-dependent variation among the egg masses treated with plant extracts and acaricides; and subsequently, their reproductive index values also decreased significantly. Phytochemical analysis of the tested plant extracts revealed presence of flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins and phenols in variable quantities. Conclusively, our results describe a significant scope of environment friendly plant extracts for ticks’ management. Key words: plant extracts; synthetic acaricides; tick mortality PRIMERJAVA UCINKOVITOSTI SINTETICNIH KEMIKALIJ IN RASTLINSKIH EKSTRAKTOV ZA NADZOR NAD KLOPI Izvlecek: Klopi veljajo za skodljive in ekonomsko pomembne ektoparazite, kajti njihova okužba po vsem svetu hudo prizadane govedo na pasi. Zatiranje klopov s sinteticnimi akaricidi ni nevarno samo za zdravje živali in ljudi, temvec povzroca tudi onesnaževanje okolja. Studija je bila zasnovana z namenom ovrednotenja rastlinskih izvleckov v primerjavi s sinteticnimi akaricidi za nadzor nad Hyalomma anatolicum . Za oceno umrljivosti klopov po 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 in 48 urah je bilo uporabljenih pet razlicnih koncentracij (50, 100, 250, 500 in 750 ppm) metanolnih rastlinskih izvleckov in akaricidov. Podatki o smrtnosti so bili analizirani z analizo Probit za izracun srednje smrtne doze (LC 50 ) in srednjega casa smrti (LT 50 ). Metanolni ekstrakt iz Azadirachta indica je pokazal najvisjo umrljivost (LC 50 =38,3 ppm) klopov v primerjavi z Dalbergia sissoo (LC 50 =58,76 ppm) in Morus alba (LC 50 =92,95 ppm). Med akaricidi je imel fipronil najvec","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47671910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TUALANG HONEY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE LUNG SURFACTANTS AND HISTOLOGY OF MALE RATS EXPOSED TO CIGARETTE SMOKE","authors":"C. Eleazu, Aminah Che Romli, W. Rahman, Zaida Zakaria, Zaidatul Akmal Othman, M. Mohamed","doi":"10.26873/svr-974-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-974-2020","url":null,"abstract":"This study reported the chemical composition of Tualang honey and its effect on the lung surfactants and histology of male rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used and they were randomly divided into 4 groups of eight rats each: control, honey-treated (Honey), cigarette smoke-exposed (CS) and honey-treated plus CS (Honey+CS). Rats in control and CS groups received distilled water (0.5 mL/day) while rats in Honey and Honey+CS groups received honey (1.2 g/kg body weight/day) by oral gavage. Furthermore, rats in CS and Honey+CS groups were exposed to CS in a chamber for 8 minutes (3 times/day). Exposure of rats to cigarette smoke significantly altered their phosphatidyl choline/ phosphatidyl glycerol (PC/PG) ratio but not their surfactant protein A levels with increased number of alveolar macrophage containing carbon particles. Administration of Tualang honey to CS exposed rats resulted in modulation of most of these parameters and which results were coroborrated by histology. The colour intenstity, pH and moisture content of the honey were obtained as 272.75 mili-absorbance unit, 3.43 and 17.38%, respectively. Screening for phenolic compounds in Tualang honey using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography showed the presence of 18 compounds while only five were identified which possessed strong in vitro antioxidant capacity as seen from their 2,2,diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radical scavenging ability. The study showed the promising potentials of Tualung honey in protecting lung surfactants from the deleterious action of cigarette smoke which may be associated with its antioxidant phenolic compounds. Key words: tualang honey; surfactant; inhalation toxicology; phenolic compounds   KEMIAŒNA SESTAVA MEDU TUALANG IN NJEGOV VPLIV NA POVRA INSKO AKTIVNE SNOVI V PLJUAŒIH TER HISTOLOGIJO PLJUAŒ SAMCEV PODGAN, IZPOSTAVLJENIH CIGARETNEM DIMU Povzetek: Raziskava poroAa o kemijski sestavi medu Tualang in njegovem vplivu na povrAiinsko aktivne snovi v pljuAih ter histologijo pljuA samcev podgan, izpostavljenih cigaretnemu dimu. V Aitudiji so uporabili 32 odraslih podgajih samcev seva Sprague-Dawley, ki so bili nakljuAno razdeljeni v 4 skupine po osem podgan: kontrolna skupina, skupina, ki je uA¾ivala med s prehrano (Honey), skupina, ki je bila izpostavljena cigaretnemu dimu (CS) in skupina, ki je bila izpostavljena cigaretnemu dimu ter je uA¾ivala med (Honey+CS). Podgane v kontrolnih skupinah in skupinah CS so dobile destilirano vodo (0,5 ml/dan), podgane v skupinah Honey in Honey + CS pa peroralno med (1,2 g/kg telesne teA¾e/dan). Poleg tega so bile podgane v skupinah CS in Honey + CS izpostavljene v komori cigaretnemu dimu trikrat na dan po 8 minut. Izpostavljenost podgan cigaretnemu dimu je bistveno spremenila razmerje fosfatidilholina/fosfatidilglicerola (PC/PG), ne pa tudi ravni povrAiinsko aktivne snovi A v pljuAih in ni vplivala na Aitevilo alveolarnih makrofagov, ki vsebujejo ogljikove delce. Uporaba me","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42969456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFICACY OF VACCINATION OF LAYER CHICKENS WITH INACTIVATED FOWL CHOLERA BACTERIN PREPARED FROM LOCAL EGYPTIAN STRAINS OF Pasteurella multocida","authors":"W. A. El-Ghany, H. Ahmed, A. Z. Qandoos, M. Bosila","doi":"10.26873/svr-1000-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-1000-2020","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination of layer chickens with inactivated FC bacterin prepared from local Egyptian strains of Pasteurella multocida ( P. multocida ). A total of 200 layer chickens were divided into 5 equal groups, 40 for each. At the age of 6 weeks, chickens in groups (A) and (B) were vaccinated with P. multocida serotypes A:1 and A:3, respectively, booster doses were given after 3 weeks (9 weeks old) and challenge was done with virulent serotypes A:1 and A:3 at 2 weeks later (11 weeks old). Chickens in groups (C) and (D) were not vaccinated, only challenged with P. multocida serotype A:1 and A:3, respectively. Birds in group (E) were kept as non-vaccinated and non-challenged. Blood samples were collected weekly from all groups for humoral immune response. All the birds were kept under observation for signs, mortalities, lesions and re-isolation of challenging organism and for histopathological examination. Results of the mean Enzyme Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) revealed that the highest level was at 5 weeks post vaccination as the titers reached to 3970 in group (A) and 3905 in group (B). The clinical signs, mortality rate and lesions were mild in the vaccinated birds while severe lesions were in non-vaccinated and challenged birds. The protection rates were 85 % and 80 % in groups (A) and (B); respectively, while 10 % and 20 % in groups (C) and (D); respectively. The re-isolation rates of P. multocida after challenge were 95 % and 90 % in non-vaccinated-challenged birds with P. multocida serotypes A:1 and A:3; respectively, while they were 25 % and 15 % in vaccinated-challenged groups with P. multocida serotypes A:1 and A:3; respectively. Histopathological examination of P. multocida vaccinated-challenged birds revealed mild to no microscopic lesions when compared with non-vaccinated challenged chickens. In conclusion, the prepared FC inactivated bacterin from the local Egyptian predominant P. multocida serovars proved efficacy and protection of layer chickens.   Key words: Pasteurella multocida ; chickens; immunization; protection; Egypt   UAŒINKOVITOST CEPLJENJA KOKOA I NESNIC Z INAKTIVIRANO BAKTERIJO KOLERE PERJADI, PRIPRAVLJENE IZ LOKALNIH EGIPTOVSKIH SEVOV BAKTERIJE Pasteurella multocida   Povzetek: Raziskava je bila izvedena z namenom ocenitve uAinkovitosti cepljenja kokoAii nesnic z inaktivirano bakterijo FC, pripravljeno iz lokalnih egiptovskih sevov bakterije Pasteurella multocida ( P. multocida ). Skupno 200 kokoAii nesnic je bilo razdeljenih v 5 enakih skupin. V vsaki skupini je bilo 40 kokoAii. Pri 6 tednih smo kokoAii v skupinah A in B cepili s serotipoma P. multocida A:1 in A:3, po 3 tednih, ko so bile A¾ivali stare 9 tednov, so dobile poA¾ivitvene doze cepiva. Po dveh tednih (v starosti 11 tednov) so bile kokoAii okuA¾ene z virulentnima serotipoma A:1 in A:3. PiAiAanci v skupinah C in D niso bili cepljeni temveA samo okuA¾eni s serotipoma A:1 in A:3. KokoAii v skupini E nis","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41983509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTI-AGEING EFFECTS OF DIETARY BEE PRODUCTS AND CALORIE RESTRICTION ON SEMEN PRODUCTION AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN OLDER BROILER BREEDER MALES","authors":"Çiğdem Şeremet Tuğalay, Ö. Altan","doi":"10.26873/svr-954-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-954-2020","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the effects of calorie restriction and dietary bee products (apilarnil plus royal jelly) supplementation on reproductive and oxidative responses and to determine the possibilities that these treatments may be used in retarding the reproductive ageing of broiler breeder males. At 52 weeks of age, broiler breeder males were assigned to four treatment groups. The control group was fed on restricted feed as recommended by the breeder company throughout the study; the ad libitum group was fed ad libitum for a four-week period; the bee products group was fed similar to the control group except that their diet was supplemented with apilarnil and royal jelly for a four-week period and in the last group calorie restriction (45 % of standard diet) was applied for a four-week period. After a four-week adaptation period, the experiment was continued for 18 weeks. The results obtained in the present study have demonstrated that the percentage of dead sperm was the most affected semen characteristic by reproductive ageing. Long-term moderate feed restriction could not prevent age-related declines in sperm production. Dietary bee products supplementation or calorie restriction for a fourweek period positively affected the semen characteristics, and these beneficial effects could be maintained to some extend up until 72 weeks of age. Calorie restriction enhanced antioxidant defence for the first four-week period; however, this beneficial effect could not be sustained until the end of the experiment. Key words: broiler breeder males; ageing; semen characteristics; oxidative stress; bee products; calorie restriction VPLIV AŒEBELJIH PRIDELKOV IN OMEJEVANJA KALORIJ NA PROIZVODNJO SEMENA IN OKSIDATIVNI STRES PRI STAREJA IH SAMCIH PLEMENSKIH BROJLERJEV Abstrakt: A tudija je bila izvedena z namenom raziskovanja uAinkov omejevanja kalorij in dodajanja prehranskih Aebeljih pridelkov (apilarnil in matiAni mleAek) na reprodukcijske in oksidativne odzive ter ugotoviti moA¾nosti uporabe prehranskih dodatkov za zaviranje reproduktivnega staranja samcev plemenskih brojlerjev. Pri starosti 52 tednov so bili samci plemenskih brojlerjev razporejeni v Aitiri skupine. Kontrolna skupina je bila ves Aas Aitudije krmljena z restrikcijsko krmo po priporoAilih podjetja, ki se ukvarja z gojenjem plemenskih broilerjev; skupina ad libitum je bila Aitiri tedne hranjena ad libitum ; skupina, pri kateri so bili dodani Aebelji pridelki je bila krmljena podobno kot kontrolna skupina, le da je bila njihova prehrana Aitiri tedne dopolnjevana z apilarnilom in matiAnim mleAkom, zadnja skupina pa je Aitiri tedne dobivala kaloriAno omejeno hrano (45 % obiAajne prehrane). Po Aitiritedenskem prilagoditvenem obdobju se je poskus nadaljeval Aie 18 tednov. Rezultati, pridobljeni v tej Aitudiji, so pokazali, da je bila najbolj prizadeta znaAilnost staranja poviAian odstotek mrtvih semenAic v ejakulatu. DolgoroAna zmerna omejitev krme ni prepreAila star","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46914182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AMELIORATIVE EFFECTS OF GRAPE SEED OIL ON CHROMIUM-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVESTRESS IN RATS","authors":"S. Orabi, S. Shawky","doi":"10.26873/svr-967-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-967-2020","url":null,"abstract":"The current study focused on investigating the renoprotective effects of grape seed oil (GSO) against hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI))-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 40 male rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I served as the control group, group II received 1000 mg/L potassium dichromate (353.5 mg/L Cr(VI)) in drinking water for 12 weeks, group III received 3.7 g/kg body weight/day GSO orally for 12 weeks, and group IV received GSO together with potassium dichromate for 12 weeks. Cr(VI) significantly increased serum levels of urea, creatinine, potassium and glucose. In addition, Cr(VI) increased MDA levels and induced renal tissue damage and DNA damage. On the other hand, Cr(VI) decreased serum levels of sodium and antioxidant defence system [reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT)]. However, treatment with GSO prevented elevation levels of serum urea, creatinine, potassium and glucose. In addition, GSO enhanced sodium level, renal tissue antioxidant defense system due to its curative effect ameliorated particularly oxidative stress, renal tissue and DNA damage. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that GSO is a promising nephroprotective agent against Cr(VI)-induced nephrotoxicity. Key words: grape seed oil; hexavalent chromium; nephrotoxicity; DNA damage BLAŽILNI UCINKI OLJA GROZDNIH PESK PRI TOKSICNI OBREMENITVI LEDVIC TER VPLIV NA OKSIDATIVNI STRES PODGAN, POVZROCEN S KROMOM Povzetek: Studija je bila osredotocena na proucevanje zascitnih ucinkov olja grozdnih pesk (GSO) pri toksicni obremenitvi ledvic, povzroceni s heksavalentnim kromom (Cr (VI)). Stirideset samcev podgan je bilo nakljucno razdeljenih v stiri skupine: skupina I - kontrolna skupina, skupina II, ki je v pitni vodi 12 tednov prejemala 1000 mg/L kalijevega dikromata (353,5 mg/L Cr (VI)), skupina III, ki je peroralno 12 tednov prejemala 3,7 g/kg telesne mase/dan GSO ter skupina IV, ki je 12 tednov prejemala GSO skupaj s kalijevim dikromatom. Cr(VI) je znatno zvisal serumske ravni secnine, kreatinina, kalija in glukoze v serumu. Poleg tega je Cr(VI) zvisal raven MDA in povzrocil poskodbe ledvicnega tkiva in poskodbe DNK. Po drugi strani je Cr(VI) znižal serumsko raven natrija in antioksidativnega obrambnega sistema, zmanjsal raven glutationske peroksidaze in katalaze. Dodajanje GSO poskusnim živalim je preprecilo zvisanje ravni secnine v serumu, kreatinina, kalija, natrija in glukoze. Poleg tega je GSO izboljsal obrambni sistem antioksidantov ledvicnega tkiva. Zaradi svojega zdravilnega ucinka je izboljsal zlasti oksidativni stres, poskodbe ledvicnega tkiva in DNK. Rezultati kažejo, da je GSO obetavno zascitno sredstvo za ledvica pri toksicni obremenitvi, povzroceni s Cr(VI). Kljucne besede: olje grozdnih pesk; heksavalentni krom; nefrotoksicnost; poskodba DNK","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48070441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF MICROBIOLOGICAL LOAD OF SMALL RUMINANT CARCASSES, LIVERS, SOME LYMPH NODES, TOOLS AND KNIFE SAMPLES IN SLAUGHTERHOUSE","authors":"H. Durmuşoğlu, G. K. Incili, Alper Güngören, O. I. Ilhak","doi":"10.26873/svr-950-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-950-2020","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the microbiological loads of small animal carcasses, carcass lymph nodes, whole liver surface, liver lymph nodes and some tools contacting with carcass and offal. Total 630 samples taken from small animal carcasses, livers, hepatic lymph nodes, subiliac and prescapular lymph nodes, staff knives and slaughterhouse tools samples (stainless steel table, plastic crates, offal carts) were investigated for mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae , Escherichia coli counts and Salmonella spp. The mean total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB), Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli numbers of the carcasses were 3.6, 0.6, and 0.1 log 10 CFU/cm 2 , respectively, and the most contaminated region among the carcass sampling points was flank. The mean TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts of the liver surfaces were 6.0, 3.7, 2.9 log 10 CFU/liver, respectively. The average TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli numbers of the knives were found as 6.3, 2.9 and 2.1 log 10 CFU/blade, and the average TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli counts of the slaughterhouse surfaces were 5.1, 1.6, 0.5 log 10 CFU/cm 2 . Salmonella spp. was detected in 4% of the liver samples and 10% of the knives samples. Consequently, the presence of Salmonella on the surface of livers and blades, and high number of E. coli on the livers, blades and tools show that a public health risk may arise at any time, and staff should pay extra attention to the “Good Hygiene Practices” and Food Safety Management Systems (such as HACCP) applied in slaughterhouses. Key words: carcass; liver; lymph node; microbiological quality; Enterobacteriaceae ; Escherichia coli ; Salmonella spp. OCENA MIKROBIOLOSKE OBREMENITVE TRUPOV MALIH PREŽVEKOVALCEV, JETER IN NEKATERIH BEZGAVK TER ORODIJ IN NOŽEV V KLAVNICI Povzetek: Namen studije je bil dolociti mikrobiolosko obremenitev trupov malih živali, bezgavk na trupih, celotne povrsine jeter, jetrnih bezgavk in nekaterih orodij, ki prihajajo v stik s trupom ter drobovjem. Pregledanih je bilo 630 vzorcev trupel malih živali, jeter, bezgavk, jetrnih bezgavk, nožev in orodij za klavnice (mize iz nerjavecega jekla, plasticni zaboji, zaboji za drobovino). Ugotavljali smo prisotnost mezofilnih aerobnih bakterij, Enterobacteriaceae ter stevilo bakterij Escheria coli in Salmonella spp. Povprecna skupna kolicina aerobnih mezofilnih bakterij (TAMB), Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli je bila 3,6, 0,6 in 0,1 log 10 CFU/cm 2 . Najbolj onesnaženo podrocje pri vzorcenju trupov je bilo na boku trupov. Povprecno stevilo TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na povrsinah jeter je bilo 6,0, 3,7 in 2,9 log 10 CFU/jetra. Povprecno stevilo TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na nožih je bilo 6,3, 2,9 in 2,1 log 10 log 10 CFU/rezilo, povprecno stevilo TAMB, Enterobacteriaceae in E. coli na klavniskih povrsinah pa 5,1 in 1,6, 0,5 log 10 CFU/cm 2 . Salmonello spp. smo odkrili v 4 odstotkih vzorcev jeter in na 10 odstotkih nožev. Prisotnost salmonele na povr","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44063109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACUTE AND SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES ON Combretum dolichopetalum ENGL. & DIELS LEAVES","authors":"C. Emelike, U. Anyaehie, E. Iyare, C. Obike, C. Eleazu, C. Chukwu","doi":"10.26873/svr-899-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-899-2020","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the acute and sub-acute toxicity of Combretum dolichopetalum leaves in experimental mice and rats respectively using standard techniques. The LD 50 of the methanol extract of Combretum dolichopetalum leaves as carried out in experimental mice was obtained as more than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Administration of graded doses (100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) of the extract for 21 days resulted in increases in body weights, white blood cells (WBC), Neutrophils, red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (HGB), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean cell haemoglobin (MCH) of the rats; but did not affect (P>0.05) their monocytes, mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet (PLT) levels. All doses of the extract did not affect (P>0.05) the sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, urea, creatinine, total and conjugated bilirubin, alanine and aspartate amino transaminase, aspartate amino transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities; relative liver and kidney weights of the rats, a finding that was corroborated by histology of the liver and the kidney. The extract at 100 mg/kg had no effect on the PCV and HB of the rats. The study suggested the therapeutic potentials of Combretum dolichopetalum as a blood booster. Finally, the study revealed the safety in the usage of Combretum dolichopetalum leaves in Nigerian ethnomedicine. Key words: ethnopharmacology; Combretum dolichopetalum ; toxicology; herbal medicine; nutraceutical; pharmacotherapy AKUTNA IN SUBAKUTNA STUDIJA TOKSICNOSTI LISTOV RASTLINE Combretum dolichopetalum Povzetek: S standardnimi metodami smo pri poskusnih misih in podganah proucevali akutno in subakutno toksicnost listov Combretum dolichopetalum . LD 50 metanolnega izvlecka listov Combretum dolichopetalum je bil pri poskusnih misih nad 5000  mg/kg telesne teže. Enaindvajsetdnevno dodajanje narascajocih odmerkov (100, 200, 400 in 800 mg/kg) izvlecka je pri poskusnih podganah povzrocilo povecanje telesne mase, stevila belih krvnick (WBC), nevtrofilcev, rdecih krvnick (RBC), volumna stisnjenih  eritrocitov (PCV), hemoglobina (HGB), povprecnega volumna eritrocitov (MCV) in povprecno vsebino hemoglobina v eritrocitih (MCH), ni pa vplivalo (p > 0,05) na stevilo monocitov, povprecno koncentracijo hemoglobina v volumnu eritrocitov (MCHC)  ter na povprecno vrednost trombocitov (PLT). Nobeden od odmerkov izvlecka ni vplival na (p > 0,05) vrednosti natrija, kalija, klorida, bikarbonata, secnine, kreatinina, skupnega bilirubina in vezanega bilirubina, alanina, aspartatne amino transaminaze, aspartatne amino transaminaze, alkalne fosfataze; relativno težo jeter in ledvic podgan, kar je bilo v skladu s histolosko preiskavo jeter in  ledvic. Izvlecek v odmerku 100 mg/kg ni vplival na PCV in HB podgan. Studija tako kaže na možnost uporabe rastline Combretum dolichopetalum za izboljsanje krvne slike. Raziskava je dokazala varnost uporabe listov Combretum dolichopetalum , ki se tradicionalno uporabljajo v Nigeriji v etnome","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47891523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WELFARE ASSESSMENT OF COMMERCIAL LAYERS IN SLOVENIA","authors":"O. Z. Rojs, A. Dovč, H. Hristov, M. Červek, B. Slavec, U. Krapež, Zoran Žlabravec, J. Răcnik, M. Zupan","doi":"10.26873/svr-971-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26873/svr-971-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present the first welfare assessment of commercial layers conducted in Slovenia. Hens were assessed in four systems at the beginning of the laying period at 22 to 24 weeks and at 50 to 55 weeks of age. These systems were an enriched battery cage system, an aviary, and a litter system with or without outdoor access. Clinical inspections of flocks were performed, and animal-based welfare indicators were scored (e.g., keel bone damage, feather condition, foot pad lesions, beak deformities, and comb and skin wounds). Hens’ fear level was scored using the novel object test and avoidance distance test. Among resource-based measures, selected micro-climate parameters were measured. The results showed no obvious clinical signs related to infectious diseases and suggest that the selected climate conditions were satisfying in all systems. Among animal-based welfare indicators, keel bone damage was shown to be the most serious problem connected with hens’ age and housing systems ( p < 0.05). Enriched cages and aviary system were associated with significantly more keel deformities compared to the litter systems ( p < 0.05). In addition, the least prevalence of foot pad dermatitis together with better feather condition was observed in the litter systems. In the family-owned aviary facility, hens were found to be the most motivated to approach a novel object or a human, and as such were recognized as the least fearful birds, with better human–animal interaction compared to other intensive housing systems. Key words: laying hens; welfare; health; housing system OCENA DOBROBITI V INTENZIVNIH REJAH KOKOSI NESNIC V SLOVENIJI Povzetek: Opravili smo prvo celovito oceno dobrobiti kokosi nesnic v Sloveniji. V raziskavo smo vkljucili nesnice iz stirih razlicnih sistemov reje in raven dobrobiti ocenili v dveh starostnih obdobjih; na zacetku nesnosti, v starosti od 22 do 24 tednov in pri 50 do 55 tednih. Nesnice so bile rejene v obogatenih kletkah, v voljerah, v talni reji brez možnosti izpusta in v talni reji z možnostjo izpusta. Ob vsakem ocenjevanju smo jate klinicno pregledali in s pregledom posameznih živali ocenili specificne indikatorje dobrega pocutja (poskodbe prsnice, operjenost, poskodbe podplatnih blazinic, deformacije kljuna in poskodbe grebena ter kože). Plasnost kot indikator socialnega obnasanja smo ocenili s testom novega predmeta in s testom odmika od cloveka. Spremljali smo tudi mikro-klimatske pogoje reje. Ves cas spremljanja nismo ugotovili vidnih klinicnih znakov kužnih obolenj. Rezultati meritev mikro-klimatskih parametrov nakazujejo, da so bili pogoji v rejah dobri. Poskodba prsnice se je izmed specificnih kazalnikov izkazala za najresnejsi problem, na katerega vplivata tako starost kot sistem reje ( p < 0,05). Poskodbe prsnice so bile znacilno bolj izražene pri kokosih iz obogatenih kletk in voljer ( p < 0,05) v primerjavi z nesnicami iz talnih rej. Kokosi iz talnih sistemov so bile tudi boljse operjene in so imele nižjo prevalenco poskod","PeriodicalId":21765,"journal":{"name":"Slovenian Veterinary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48160162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}