2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference最新文献

{"title":"Research Progress on an Automation Concept for Surface Operation with Time-Based Trajectories","authors":"V. Cheng","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384166","url":null,"abstract":"To address anticipated growth in air traffic demand, the surface operation automation research (SOAR) is a collection of research activities designed with the common goal to explore and develop automation technologies for enhancing surface movement efficiency at major airports. The concept features a tower automation system that counts on the availability of advanced surveillance data to plan the execution of timed surface operations to enhance movement efficiency and safety. Communication of the clearances will require the availability of digital data link for sending the data for executing the time-based trajectories - known to some as 4-dimensional (4D) trajectories. The concept also features a flight-deck automation system that counts on the availability of advanced navigation data to enable the flights to execute the 4D trajectories with high timing precision. The arrangement results in a collaborative concept where the tower and flight-deck automation systems count on each other's abilities to jointly deliver the efficient and safe surface traffic. Several publications have documented the SOAR concept and initial feasibility studies of the tower and flight-deck automation systems based on early experimental software prototypes of the automation functions. This paper serves as a progress update of the SOAR development effort. Specifically, it covers recent human-in-the-loop experiments to study procedures and controller roles and responsibilities involving the tower automation system, as well as development of the flight-deck automation system in terms of its guidance and control functions.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126735041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Requirements for Super Dense Operations for the NGATS Terminal Airspace","authors":"J. Krozel, A. Spencer, P. Smith, A. Andre","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384168","url":null,"abstract":"We present requirements for super dense operations (SDO) in a future next generation air transportation system (NGATS), targeted at a 2025 timeframe. The requirements emphasize the needs for dynamic weather avoidance maneuvering and performance-based services (PBS) based on required navigation performance (RNP). A net-centric operation (NCO) will provide a mechanism to inform all users of weather forecast information, hazardous weather constraints, and weather avoidance routing requirements. The future air traffic management (ATM) system will move away from static jet route navigation toward a system where routes are defined more dynamically, adjusted during the course of the day as required by traffic demand and the geometry of severe weather constraints. Such a concept of operation (ConOps) will be particularly useful for time periods where weather is a major terminal area constraint in the national airspace system (NAS), making it possible to achieve SDO, reduce traffic delays, and ensure safe operations that would otherwise not be feasible in current day operations.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133761832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How OEP Will Lead FAA through the NextGen Transformation","authors":"G. Mohler","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384145","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2003, the multi-agency Joint Planning and Development Office has been formulating how the U.S. air traffic system must transform to meet future demands. The Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) concept of operations provides the guiding vision, and each agency must then choose the initiatives it will undertake to produce the outlined operational improvements. FAA, in particular, will have a lot of work to do, and the truth is, when we talk about implementation on such a large scale, 2025 is not that far away. Ready to embrace this hard work, FAA has expanded the existing OEP to become its NextGen implementation plan. Now known as the Operational Evolution Partnership, the OEP will integrate myriad FAA planning activities into one comprehensive, high-level document, which will integrate agency activities and provide a firm foundation for implementing NextGen.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"161 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120995545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaborative Airport Surface Metering for Efficiency and Environmental Benefits","authors":"C. Brinton, L. Cook, S. Atkins","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384164","url":null,"abstract":"Efficiency and environmental benefits can be simultaneously achieved through operational improvements in the National Airspace System (NAS). This paper addresses the concept of collaborative airport surface metering (CASM), which provides efficiency and environmental benefits through detailed advanced planning and management of airport surface departure operations. When departure demand exceeds capacity at an airport today, departure flights experience delay while waiting for their turn on the departure runway. However, aircraft must still push back and taxi toward the runway to claim their first-come-first-served departure slot. Under the CASM concept, metering techniques will be used at tower-controlled airports to assign a tactical departure slot for all departure flights when departure demand exceeds capacity. This paper addresses the potential benefits of this concept in regard to efficiency and environmental benefits associated with reduction of emissions. Through analysis of flight schedules and statistics from historical operations, the potential benefits of this concept have been evaluated. Environmental benefits result from the reduction of emissions. Based on the analysis of change in queuing time required for departure flights with the CASM concept, the change in the amount of engine emissions has been estimated. This analysis considers the effects of earlier required flight push-backs to avoid gate contention and the additional complexity of flights pushing back from the gate not in the order of runway departure time.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132792965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clearing a Frequency Subband for Enhanced Aeronautical Communications","authors":"F. Box, L. Monticone, R. Snow, L. Globus","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384173","url":null,"abstract":"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is exploring the feasibility of clearing part of the 117.975-137 MHz air/ground (A/G) radio band for use by a VHF digital aeronautical data communications network beginning in the 2010-2015 time frame. The cleared subband would be taken from the 13.4 MHz of spectrum currently allocated to air traffic services (ATS) that use the present-day analog A/G voice radio system. The growing spectral congestion in the band makes it a challenge to clear any part of it for the future aeronautical data network without adversely affecting the existing A/G voice system. In this paper we analyze key issues that would arise when clearing a subband in conjunction with a transition to a new A/G voice system architecture, in which many users would operate in 8.33-kHz channels rather than the 25-kHz channels used today. Our analysis examines the tradeoffs among the amount of spectrum cleared, the effort involved in clearing it, and the impact on the remaining capacity of the A/G voice ATS system. We establish bounds on the amounts of ATS spectrum likely to be clearable in a wide variety of scenarios, and recommend measures for approaching those bounds while controlling implementation complexity and preserving enough voice spectrum to accommodate anticipated future growth of ATS demand.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127802970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of IEEE 802.16 OFDMA Standard Systems in Airport Surface Area Channels","authors":"I. Sen, Beibei Wang, D. Matolak","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384152","url":null,"abstract":"Ever increasing demands for communication on airport surface areas have led to studies of new systems feasible for use in these environments. The IEEE 802.16e standard systems can be considered potential candidates for these areas because of their many attractive features, which include high data rate, mobility support, etc. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of an 802.16e system with the OFDMA air interface over non-stationary channel models developed for different airports. We first provide a brief introduction to the various non-stationary channel models. Next we provide a short overview of 802.16e and describe three potential channel estimation schemes. We then evaluate the performance of the 802.16e system over the proposed non-stationary channel models. We show that the proposed channel estimation methods allow good tradeoffs between channel estimation accuracy and computational complexity. Finally, we introduce a subcarrier based subcarrier based scheduling algorithm aimed to maximize the system throughput under proportional fairness, and evaluate its performance over the proposed non-stationary channel models.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128533165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Sideband Technologies for Optimization of VHF Aerospace Communications","authors":"Behnam Kamali, A. Patel","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384147","url":null,"abstract":"The highest priority in air travel operation is justifiably placed on flight safety which is critically linked to the availability of reliable communications and navigation systems. The current aeronautical VHF spectrum dedicated to civil aviation communications in the US and the rest of the world isl9 MHz wide. With the 25-kHz commercial AM technology, this band supports 760 radio channels. In the United States, owing to the rise in the number of airplanes in both commercial and general aviation sectors, spectral congestion in the aeronautical VHF band is rapidly becoming a predicament. This article proposes single side band as an alternative technology that enables efficient use of the available spectrum while requiring minimal change in the infrastructure. It is shown that SSB in conjunction the Weaver modulation method presents an economically feasible solution to spectral congestion in VHF aeronautics, with which the system capacity can be increased by a factor of 3, 4, 5, 6, and even 7 (X-factor). Hardware costs increments for implementing either the analog or digital Weaver method are modest among schemes with different X-factors. This implies that it is possible to increase the present capacity of 760 to up to 5320 voice channels; which meets the challenge of required number of civil aviation radio channels for at least two decades.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124779428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Service Oriented Architecture for the Next Generation Air Transportation System","authors":"G. Luckenbaugh, J. Dehn, S. Rudolph, S. Landriau","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384159","url":null,"abstract":"The next generation air transportation system (NextGen) is intended to address increasing capacity demands while providing enhanced safety and security. Present day stovepiped systems are not sufficient to meet these demands. A more agile architecture based upon services and extensive data sharing is necessary to meet these goals. The underlying architecture will be based upon the concept of service oriented architectures (SOA). One of the FAA's key initiatives that will leverage the SOA is called system wide information management (SWIM). SWIM will be the foundation upon which NextGen is built, and will facilitate the development of new applications and decision support tools that take advantage of timely and accurate information. End users will benefit by having better visibility to information and shared situational awareness across interested parties. Service oriented architectures facilitate the sharing of information and services across the enterprise. Within the context of NextGen and SWIM, the key information that is shared includes: flight and flow data, aeronautical information, weather information, surveillance, and NAS (national airspace system) status. Services can include such capabilities as flight plan evaluation, weather forecasting, traffic congestion prediction, and many more. This approach also allows existing application functions and decision support tools to be \"exposed\" to the outside world, leading to re-use of existing resources and to a more accurate common situational awareness. Like any enterprise that is moving to an SOA-based infrastructure, the transition must be carefully planned and fielded in incremental steps. Ideally, each incremental step should pay for itself by providing user benefits and reduced infrastructure costs. This paper discusses the research that Lockheed Martin has performed as part of our Independent Research and Development Program (IR&D). We discuss the methodology that Lockheed Martin is using to develop a SWIM architecture for NextGen and the incremental deployment of that architecture. We discuss our development of data taxonomies for the five key areas (flight and flow, surveillance, weather, aeronautical, and NAS status), our development and analysis of scenarios within the context of flight data and traffic flow management, and how we then use those scenarios to develop candidate services. As part of this effort, Lockheed Martin has also prototyped a set of representative applications and enhancements to legacy ATM (air traffic management) systems to demonstrate information sharing and shared situational awareness. This paper also discusses the capabilities of those applications and the potential benefits to end users.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123159192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of DME Pulse Trains for Use in Multilateration","authors":"M. Owen","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384162","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a method of centralized correlation of distance measuring equipment (DME) pulse sequences between widely separated pairs of remote unit (RU) receivers to isolate the sequences that have been emitted by individual aircraft. Once isolated, time of arrival (TOA) of individual pulses may be examined to form the basis of pulse-specific time difference of arrival (TDOA) multilateration in the usual way.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126255241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test for Success: Next Generation Aircraft Identification System RF Simulation","authors":"M.L. Garcia, J. Hoffman, J. L. Rowley, D.L. Stone","doi":"10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICNSURV.2007.384161","url":null,"abstract":"Advancements in Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) systems are generating a variety of signals operating with a common purpose and often over common radio frequency (RF) spectrum. This paper will describe the top level characteristics of each of the following IFF/Surveillance systems and the plans and challenges of modeling these systems in ViaSat's RF stimulator systems. (1.) Mark XIIA, Mode S (2.) Mark XIIA, Mode 5 (3.) Automatic Dependent Surveillance -Broadcast (ADS-B) (4.) Department of Defense (DOD) Blue Force Tracking (BFT) Mode S is deployed and provides a directed interrogation and transpond response from airborne platforms. Mode 5 is planned for deployment and provides an anti-spoof encrypted transpond response. ADS-B is also planned for deployment in the commercial National Airspace System (NAS) and will use two separate systems for providing situational awareness transpond responses: Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) and Mode S 1090 Extended Squitter (ES). DOD BFT will use an advanced satellite network to receive platform state-vector transmissions and re-broadcast a theater level image of IFF data via digital video broadcast, satellite, second generation (DVB-S2). Each system presents unique challenges in modeling, but each are readily accommodated by ViaSat's Communication, Navigation, and Identification (CNI) RF function stimulator architecture. ViaSat will use our programmable arbitrary waveform generators to provide the RF waveforms. The scenario generation processors can then provide the geographic and RF propagation models to allow high density signal environments. These characteristics enable developmental testing for system improvements as well as verification testing for compliance with system level requirements. Use of an RF stimulator to generate a real-world RF environment is invaluable in testing systems to reduce risk and improve the probability of successfully deploying these next generation IFF systems.","PeriodicalId":217397,"journal":{"name":"2007 Integrated Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Conference","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133449824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}