Automation on transport最新文献

{"title":"Methods and Means for Reducing the Influence of the Human Factor in Civil Aviation with the Use of Information-Control Systems","authors":"Nikolai Suhih, V. Rukavishnikov, O. Sokolov","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-7-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-7-16","url":null,"abstract":"Human factor is a set of moral, social, psychological, physical, professional and other human qualities influencing his activity. Human factor role to provide flight safety is determined by that all processes in aviation on organization, procuring and accomplishment of flights are made by humans – aviation specialists of various profiles. Major impact on flight safety among aviation specialist goes from aviation personnel. The latter constitutes people belonging to commanding-flying, flying staff, dispatcher personnel of management service of air traffic, engineering-technical, medical personnel whose activity is directly aimed to air transportation execution. It’s evident that influence of aviapersonnel various groups on flight safety state differs and 's determined by the degree of interaction with flight execution process. Analysis of aviation severe accidents during five-year period leads to that crew wrong actions have major impact on their occurrence (about 60%). This fact finds natural explanation because namely flying personnel pursues flight direct control, and flight outcome in the situation depends on the correctness of his action. In this connection, the human factor problem namely for flying personnel and first of all for pilots has paramount importance. The realization of the ways of reducing aviation accident probability is possible on an airplane board only whiles using electronic computer which works out either management impacts or information prompt for a crew. As a result, this implies introduction and exploitation of board information-control system by a crew. It’s been less considered and generalized the human factor impact in organizational-technical and organization-economical systems of civil aviation. But it’s evident that at halting situation occurrence in any service, correct decision acceptance by a user is possible only at his information support which can be embodied in “ground” information-control system. The publication views reduction of negative impact of the human factor in civilaviation with the help of modern information-ruling systems.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125432506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rolling Stock Monitoring Technology Based on Remote Acoustic Sensing","authors":"L. Baranov, V. Burchenkov","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-90-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-90-100","url":null,"abstract":"The functionality of information-measuring systems for remote detection of faulty parts of the undercarriage of cars in motion is considered. The features of the use of fiber-optic cables laid along the railway tracks as sensors for detecting defects in the rolling stock and infrastructure of railway lines are evaluated. The functional features of the influence of external physical influences impact on the length of the reflected wave fiber Bragg gratings. The possibility of using remote acoustic sensing to determine defects in parts and assemblies of rolling stock while the train is in motion is shown, the possibilities of joint application of the remote acoustic sounding technology with axle counters and a wheel passage registration system are noted. An assessment of the conditions for ensuring the operability and adjustment of a distributed fiberoptic line of sensors for a railway section is proposed. A scheme for the planned placement of remote acoustic sounding devices at the training ground of the Belarusian Railways has been developed. The possibility of immediate detection of defective wheelsets with a maximum allowable value of sliders exceeding 1.0 mm, as well as a break in the side frame of a wagon bogie to prevent dangerous emergencies, has been established. A method is proposed for continuous monitoring of the technical condition of rolling stock in motion, providing increased control over the serviceability of parts and units of the rolling stock.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"8 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114052213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Automatic Locomotive Signaling Code Signals Based on Machine Learning","authors":"S. Lunev, D. Borisenko, Ilona Prisuhina, M. Klyuchnikov","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-36-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-36-47","url":null,"abstract":"Stability of railway automation systems, utilizing automatic locomotive signaling as a mean for interval regulation of train traffic, can be risen by the means of application of machinal training algorithms. Known algorithm for code signal identification of locomotive signaling has a row of drawbacks which are conditioned by the cyclic character of being identified signals and the necessity of cyclic synchronization before the identification procedure This complicates technical realization essentially as well as does requirements to computational resources of known algorithm. This article offers improved algorithm for identification of code signals transferred via rail chains in the process of train traffic which doesn’t demand cycle synchronization. For to solve cycle synchronization problem it’s been offered to accomplish code signal identification by Fourier amplitude spectrum of its preselected envelope. Such settlement has become possible on account of invariance of Fourier amplitude spectrum of code signal envelope relatively code signal shift in the time domain on random number of digital readings. As a machinal training method, the article considers artificial neural network with simplified, compared with the previous analogues, architecture. While identification, three-layer neural network with full connections between layers is engaged. Also, the work investigates limitations of suggested method of machinal identification which are conditioned by refuse from phase spectrum of envelope of being processed code signal. It’s been demonstrated in the article the act of improved method of machinal identification on real signals fixed in being exploited rail lines. The obtained results testify the adequacy of the suggested methodology for the identification of signals of automatic locomotive signaling of systems for train traffic interval regulation.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117347220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Solar Batteries at Power Supply of Turnout Electric Drives on the Example of Uzbekistan Railways","authors":"D. Ruziev","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-48-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-48-66","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the research of possibilities to apply solar batteries at power supply of devices of railway automatics and telemechanics in view of geographical position of Uzbekistan. The attention in the research is focused on the questions of energy-effective control of turnout electric drives from solar batteries on intermediate stations. On the example of “Sabir Rakhimov” station, the assessment of average-daily quantity of turnout switches has been made, the calculation of utilized quantity of electric energy for turnout electric drives has been pursued as well as the possibilities of this energy replenishment from solar batteries have been defined. The change in solar battery power in different countries on one and the same type stations has been analyzed. The advantages of alternative energetics for the needs of railway automatics and telemechanics have been described. The calculation of the efficiency of the devices of autonomous electric supply system for last 20 years has been pursued on the basis of statistical data on insolation of Tashkent and Moscow territories (for comparison). The technologies of the location of solar batteries on railway infrastructure objects have been presented. Special attention is paid on perspectives of wide industrial introduction of solar batteries for the energy supply of the devices of railway automatics and remote control.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124946777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Sequences with Ideal Autocorrelation Properties","authors":"Vladimir Egorov, S. Lobov, Valentin Hodakovskiy","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-78-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-78-89","url":null,"abstract":"Method of synthesis of the sequences, possessing ideal autocorrelation functions, has been developed. The review of existing approaches, analytical conclusion of requirements to ideal sequences with considering the necessity to provide low pick-factor of the sequence and low level of side petals of autocorrelation function has been given. Mathematical model and its program embodiment, allowing to generate periodical sequences and assess their properties, have been created on the basis of suggested method. As a result of pursued computational experiments, the sequences with number of symbols from 6 to 4096 have been obtained. It’s been clarified that such sequence can be formed at its any length which has ideal periodic autocorrelation function at pick-factor equal or close to 1. Because suggested sequences have ideal ACF they can be recommended for use in the systems of railway automatics and communication for highly reliable management of train traffic on high-speed trunks as well as in communication systems qua signals in navigating and locational systems, qua signals applied in ultrasound defectoscopy and so on.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128306083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology of Train Traffic Scheduling for the Capital Underground","authors":"L. Loginova, E. Seslavina, A. Seslavin","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-67-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-1-67-77","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic schedule of trains on Moscow underground line at present is made up by highly qualified schedulers from underground dispatcher apparatus. Created timetable acts for many days as a law for metro drivers and takes into account the variability of passenger traffic by days of a week and hours of a day. At present, ready schedule represents many-pages primary document, having additions in the form of train turnover schedule and timetable for train teams which consist sometimes of one machinist and sometimes are added by an assistant. Besides, the schedule also for turned round machinist teams exists. These teams anytime conduct empty trains in line dead ends in tunnels whiles main team can go at final station from the end of train to its head and also have a rest sometimes. Except turned round teams there are shift-teams who provides for possibility of lunchtime and leisure for main teams in their every day job. Thus, set of timetables exists which chain major link is train traffic schedule. Because of the difficulties with scheduling which are overcome at present by trial and error method, the possibilities for to create schedule many variants with the purpose of subsequent selection suiting best amongst them, are absent in the majority of cases. Such selection might be made in the following purposes: minimization of electric energy expenditures during the day, increase of schedule stability to fluctuations, constantly acting per day, of kind of little fails because of passenger big inflow on a station or small violations of traffic safety. The listed set of problems can be overcome in the case of existence of central administration of all trains of metro line with the help of computational technics. There’s been suggested in the work the methodology of scheduling for underground trains on the basis of mathematical apparatus which provides for schedule final calculation inclusive of all requirements and limitations. The specificity of developed methodology is in its processability for further realization in the form of program product.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127937113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF THE URBAN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM BY THE INTRODUCTION OF ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS","authors":"A. Banite, D. S. Deriaga, O. Leonenko","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-565-583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-565-583","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the prospects of improving the quality of traffi c in the junction of the urban street and road network through the introduction of intelligent transport systems, especially automatic traffi c control systems (ATCS). The paper analyzes the problems of implementing intelligent transport systems in urban conditions, taking into account the current regulatory framework. The classifi cation of local automated traffi c control systems according to the adaptability of traffi c light regulation to the changing parameters of traffi c fl ows is given. For the decision of a problem of practicability of introduction of ACSDS, the technique including construction of imitation models for more exact forecasting of eff ect of introduction of local ACSDS on the considered site of an urban street-road network is off ered. The application of the methodology is demonstrated on the example of the intersection of Engels Avenue and Suzdal Avenue in St. Petersburg. Two variants of the organization of control of phases of traffi c light objects are analyzed: static and adapted according to the time of day. The infl uence of ADCS implementation on average speed of vehicles and characteristics of traffi c jams in the junction in question was estimated based on simulation modeling in PTV Vissim. In accordance with the analysis, the prospects of introducing adaptive local ACSDS in the considered transport junction are described","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127283042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AGUSTIN DE BETANCOURT AS CREATOR OF OPTICAL TELEGRAPH MACHINE USED ON THE FIRST EUROPEAN RAILWAY LINES AND PRECURSOR OF RAILWAY SIGNALLING SYSTEMS","authors":"S. V. Vlasenko, S. Sushkov, S. V. Grishechko","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-631-644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-631-644","url":null,"abstract":"The origin of signalling principles, their purpose and development since the 4th century BC are described. Claude Chappe' s research on the peculiarities of human vision and the rationale for the choice of colors for the optical telegraph are presented. These principles are used in modern rail and road signaling systems with slight modifi cations to refl ect the development of technology. The transmission apparatus and the Claude Chappe alphabet are presented, documentary examples of its use in France are proposed, and the main disadvantages of this principle of data transmission are indicated. Further in the article, an alternative principle of data transmission using a single semaphore wing in an optical telegraph is presented. It was developed and introduced in 1798 between Madrid and Cadiz (Spain) by Agustin de Betancourt. The article shows the diagrams of the optical telegraph apparatus of Agustin de Betancourt, and also gives its comparison with fi rst mechanical signals used in railway transport. With references to historical documents and evidence, the evolution of the optical telegraph by Agustin de Betancourt from data transmission systems between cities to systems for the exchange of information between neighboring railway posts and stations on the fi rst railway lines is presented. The evolution of the telegraph from mechanical devices announcing the train approach to the railway post to the signals for train drivers thanks to the change of wing position is shown. As a transitional stage from mechanical to electrical signals in railway transport, the principle of operation of semaphores with kerosene lamps lit at night with light fi lters mechanically connected to the position of the wing is explained. Based on development of mechanical signals, the historical reasons for signal aspect with two lamps in diff erent modern signalling systems are presented. The article opens a new, previously little-known page of the activities by Agustin de Betancourt, who was not only the fi rst rector of the fi rst transport high school in Russia but also one of developers of data transmission systems used optical telegraph. His inventions such as mechanical signal with one wing are using in improved form in railway signalling systems up today.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127192020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NORMS AND METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY OF MODERN AUTOMATIC LOCOMOTIVE SIGNALING SYSTEMS AND ELECTRIC ROLLING STOCK WITH AN ASYNCHRONOUS TRACTION DRIVE ON THE SUBWAY","authors":"A. G. Kabetsky, A. Manakov","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-503-521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-503-521","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides a brief overview of the development and application of automatic control systems for subway trains. Modern automatic locomotive signaling systems featuring automatic speed control with signal transmission based on double-phase-diff erence modulation are analyzed. The introduction of electric rolling stock with an asynchronous traction drive and advanced train traffi c automation and remote control systems at the St. Petersburg Metro initiates the drive to ensure their electromagnetic compatibility. For the subway train traffi c automation and remote control systems, there have been no acceptance criteria for electromagnetic interference that occur in their operating range when electric rolling stock with an asynchronous traction drive is put into operation. The article identifi es the main sources of conducted electromagnetic interference and the routes of their penetration into the receive path of automatic locomotive signaling devices with automatic speed control. A method is proposed for determining the limits of hazardous and interfering eff ects (immunity limits) for automatic train signaling systems with automatic speed regulation of the systems of the BARS automatic speed control unit with phase-diff erence modulation and the upgraded PA-M (ПА-М) train automation with phase-diff erence modulation for the St. Petersburg Metro lines. A method is given for the transition from the immunity limits of automatic locomotive signaling systems with automatic speed control to the emission limits of electric rolling stock at diff erent traction current unbalance factors. A technique for measuring traction current at high-potential points on electric rolling stock is considered. A technique for assessing the levels of conducted electromagnetic interference from electric rolling stock by calculating the eff ective value in a sliding window of a pre-fi ltered traction current signal of an electric rolling stock is presented.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128785228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYNTHESIS METHODS OF SELF-CHECKING COMBINATIONAL DEVICES OF AUTOMATIC CONTROLS BASED ON LOGICAL COMPLEMENT TO THE EQUILIBRIUM 1-OUT-OF 4 CODE","authors":"D. Efanov, G. Osadchy, I. V. Leskovets","doi":"10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-645-668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2021-7-4-645-668","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the development of the logical complement method for the synthesis of self-checking digital devices and systems. The article highlights the features of using the equilibrium 1-out-of 4 code for the synthesis of integrated control circuits of combinational logic devices by the method of logical complement. The basic structures of the organization of built-in control schemes by the method of logical complement to the equilibrium 1-out-of 4 code are described and several ways of organizing control schemes are considered. The fi rst one implies the control of devices with the allocation of outputs fours and the use of conversion of three outputs out of four in the basic structure. There is another way of organizing the control circuit by the method of logical complement to the equilibrium code and it involves the search for outputs triplets and their addition to the four-digit code word of the 1-out-of 4 code by directly connecting the output of the supervisor logic block to the tester input without any signal conversion. The third method is associated with the use of a basic structure with the circuit for the preliminary signal compression from the unit under test and the reduced number of outputs control. The article presents the results of experimental studies for each of the methods of organizing the built-in control circuit and estimates the structures technical implementation complexity as well as the probability of detecting errors at the outputs of the unit under test when single-stuck faults are introduced. In many cases the logical complement method allows to synthesize simpler self-checking devices compared to the duplication method with high rates of error detection at the unit under test outputs.","PeriodicalId":217313,"journal":{"name":"Automation on transport","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116988909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}