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Science and Technology of Welding and Joining最新文献

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Effect of surface oxide layers in solid-state welding of aluminium alloys – review 铝合金固态焊接中表面氧化层的影响——综述
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2023-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2023.2165603
Danka Labus Zlatanović, Jean Pierre Bergmann, S. Baloš, J. Hildebrand, Mirjana Bojanic-Sejat, S. Goel
{"title":"Effect of surface oxide layers in solid-state welding of aluminium alloys – review","authors":"Danka Labus Zlatanović, Jean Pierre Bergmann, S. Baloš, J. Hildebrand, Mirjana Bojanic-Sejat, S. Goel","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2023.2165603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2165603","url":null,"abstract":"This review sheds novel insights on the residual oxide behaviour of solid-state weld joints of aluminium alloys. Understanding the influence of oxides on the aluminium surface before and during welding, its impact on the weld structure and possible solutions for reducing its impact were addressed. The solid-state techniques most relevant to the transportation sector namely, diffusion bonding, friction stir spot welding and ultrasonic welding were surveyed, analysed and reviewed. During this analysis, the implication of the presence of oxides on aluminium substrate affecting the metallurgical characteristics of the weld joints was reviewed. Visible defects such as voids, delamination, kissing bond and hook defects, and problems associated with these defects were analysed and few suggestions are made to partially overcome these issues. Abbreviations: AS, Advancing side; CDRX, Continuous dynamic recrystallisation; CFSSW, Conventional friction stir spot welding; DB, Diffusion bonding; EDS, Energy-dispersive spectroscopy; e-TEM, Environmental transmission electron microscopy; FSW, Friction stir welding; FFSSW, Flat friction stir spot welding; FSSW, Friction stir spot welding; IPDB, Impulse pressuring diffusion bonding; IPADB, Impulse pressure-assisted diffusion bonding; PLT-FSSW, Pinless tool friction stir spot welding; PFSSW, Protrusion friction stir spot welding; RFSSW, Refill friction stir spot welding; RS, Retreating side; RZ, Recrystallised zone; SEM, Scanning electron microscopy; TEM, Transmission electron microscopy; TWI, The Welding Institute; USW, Ultrasonic welding; WFI, Weld faying interface; WFSSW, Walking friction stir spot welding; XPS, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"331 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Scaling analysis for rapid estimation of lack of fusion porosity in laser powder bed fusion 快速估计激光粉末床熔合过程中熔合孔隙度不足的标度分析
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2164830
P. Zagade, B. Gautham, A. De, T. DebRoy
{"title":"Scaling analysis for rapid estimation of lack of fusion porosity in laser powder bed fusion","authors":"P. Zagade, B. Gautham, A. De, T. DebRoy","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2164830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2164830","url":null,"abstract":"Lack-of-fusion porosity due to insufficient melting of the adjacent tracks and successive layers is a persistent problem in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). A novel functional relation is proposed here following dimensional analysis for rapid estimation of the lack-of-fusion porosity fraction as a function of important process variables and alloy properties. The estimated values of the porosity fractions are found to be in fair agreement with the corresponding independent experimentally measured results for LPBF of five commonly used alloys for a wide range of process conditions. The proposed functional relation is used further to construct a set of process maps that can aid in the selection of important LPBF conditions to avoid lack-of-fusion porosity on the shop floor without doing any calculations.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"372 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48751421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Quality monitoring of projection welding using machine learning with small data sets 基于小数据集的机器学习投影焊接质量监测
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2162709
Johannes Koal, Tim Hertzschuch, Martin Baumgarten, J. Zschetzsche, U. Füssel
{"title":"Quality monitoring of projection welding using machine learning with small data sets","authors":"Johannes Koal, Tim Hertzschuch, Martin Baumgarten, J. Zschetzsche, U. Füssel","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2162709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2162709","url":null,"abstract":"Capacitor discharge welding is an efficient, cost-effective and stable process. It is mostly used for projection welding. Real-time monitoring is desired to ensure quality. Until this point, measured process quantities were evaluated through expert systems. This method is strongly restricted to specific welding tasks and needs deep understanding of the process. Another possibility is quality prediction based on process data with machine learning. This requires classified welding experiments to achieve a high prediction probability. In industrial manufacturing, it is rarely possible to generate big sets classified data. Therefore, semi-supervised learning is investigated to enable model development on small data sets. Supervised learning models on large amounts of data are used as a comparison to the semi-supervised models. A total of 389 classified weld tests were performed. With semi-supervised learning methods, the amount of training data necessary was reduced to 31 classified data sets.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"323 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45555645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Process stability and forming accuracy on wire arc additive manufactured Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy with different electrode positive/electrode negative ratios of CMT advance process CMT预成形工艺中不同电极正负比的电弧添加剂制备Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金的工艺稳定性和成形精度
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2162712
Yuwen Wang, Ji Chen, Maoai Chen, H. Su, Wenbin Zhang, Chuansong Wu
{"title":"Process stability and forming accuracy on wire arc additive manufactured Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy with different electrode positive/electrode negative ratios of CMT advance process","authors":"Yuwen Wang, Ji Chen, Maoai Chen, H. Su, Wenbin Zhang, Chuansong Wu","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2162712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2162712","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of electrode positive/electrode negative (EP/EN) ratio on cold metal transfer advance-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process for Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy was studied in this paper. The process stability was investigated via analysing electrical waveforms and arc/metal transfer images concurrently. A high EP/EN ratio (≥ 13:7) was beneficial to decrease abnormal long wait phase duration of current and spatter of droplet, which improved the stability of WAAM process. The forming accuracies of the samples increased first and then decreased with the increase of EP/EN ratio due to the incompatibility of the heat input and molten pool flow. The average width and effective width coefficient showed a positive correlation with EP/EN ratio.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"352 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48534919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Characterisation of structural modifications on cold-formed AA2024 substrates by wire arc additive manufacturing 线弧增材制造对冷成型AA2024基板结构改性的表征
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2160902
Mathias Silmbroth, N. Enzinger, C. Schneider-Bröskamp, Aurel Arnoldt, T. Klein
{"title":"Characterisation of structural modifications on cold-formed AA2024 substrates by wire arc additive manufacturing","authors":"Mathias Silmbroth, N. Enzinger, C. Schneider-Bröskamp, Aurel Arnoldt, T. Klein","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2160902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2160902","url":null,"abstract":"Wire arc additive manufacturing, employing conventional fusion welding processes, shows excellent versatility and can therefore be used for structural modifications of existing parts to create hybrid components. This study evaluates the modification of cold-formed AA2024 metal sheets with 2xxx filler metals to produce 2xxx hybrid structures. The alloys are investigated by thermodynamic simulations and the solidification crack susceptibility is assessed by calculating the index for hot cracking susceptibility. Using cold metal transfer, single-layer depositions are generated on profile sheets after which the specimens are characterised by three analysis procedures: metallographic analysis, chemical analysis, and hardness testing. Results indicate that AA2024 wire material, although generally considered difficult to weld, is more suitable for the additive modification of AA2024 sheets and profiles, as crack-free specimens can be deposited on cold-formed substrates.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"314 - 322"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49458523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Development of 16Cr8Ni low transformation temperature welding material for optimal characteristics under various dilutions due to all repair welding positions 16Cr8Ni低转变温度焊接材料的开发，可在各种稀释度下实现所有补焊位置的最佳特性
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-20 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2158282
Zhongyuan Feng, N. Ma, K. Hiraoka, Y. Komizo, S. Kano, Masayuki Nagami
{"title":"Development of 16Cr8Ni low transformation temperature welding material for optimal characteristics under various dilutions due to all repair welding positions","authors":"Zhongyuan Feng, N. Ma, K. Hiraoka, Y. Komizo, S. Kano, Masayuki Nagami","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2158282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2158282","url":null,"abstract":"A new low transformation temperature (LTT) welding material 16Cr8Ni was developed to satisfy the optimal characteristics in diluted welds due to all repair welding positions. Its good weldability for all welding positions was tested. The measured Ms temperature of weld metals with different dilutions was between 150°C and 250°C which is the optimal range for compressive residual stress generation and fatigue life extension. The in-situ observation of phase evolution by the synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction technique validated the solidification mode of LTT welds for the prevention of solidification cracks. Moreover, the mechanical properties in the diluted LTT welds were measured by miniature uniaxial tensile tests. Large compressive residual stresses at the welded joints due to all welding positions were confirmed numerical analyses.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"305 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48798394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rapid in situ wetting measurement for nanosolder by electron beam irradiation 电子束辐照快速原位测量纳米片的润湿性
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2158280
Xuan Zhang, Wei Zhang
{"title":"Rapid in situ wetting measurement for nanosolder by electron beam irradiation","authors":"Xuan Zhang, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2158280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2158280","url":null,"abstract":"In nanosoldering, the wettability of nanosolder is a key factor to gauge the contacts’ firmness. Here, a novel in situ wetting measurement method by using electron beam irradiation in transmission electron microscopy has been proposed, which has the crucial advantages of dynamically observing the wetting process between nanosolder and nanomaterial to be soldered, rapidly measuring the contact angle, and greatly avoiding the complex procedures in traditional method. The experimental tests show that the contact angle of a reflowed 97Sn3Cu nanosolder drop on a WO3 nanowire obtained by the new method is consistent with that obtained by the traditional method. This novel wetting measurement method is aimed at promoting the application of nanosolders in nanosoldering.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"298 - 304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43039635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of laser directed energy deposition of Inconel 625 and austenitic steel 激光定向能沉积Inconel 625和奥氏体钢的研究
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2156715
Nehem Tudu, M. Baruah, Shashi Bhushan Prasad
{"title":"Study of laser directed energy deposition of Inconel 625 and austenitic steel","authors":"Nehem Tudu, M. Baruah, Shashi Bhushan Prasad","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2156715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2156715","url":null,"abstract":"Functionally graded material (FGM) is an advanced material that illustrates the number of properties in a single component. To develop FGM, it is very important to study each component gradient separately to understand the properties and their behaviour. This paper presents the study of the properties of deposited blocks of the different gradients of Inconel 625 (IN625) and stainless steel 304L (SS304L) (25% IN625 + 75% SS304L, 50% IN625 + 50% SS304L, 75% IN625 + 25% SS304L, and 100% IN625) by a laser directed energy deposition technique. Various tests were performed to understand its mechanical, metallurgical, and chemical behaviour. Deposited samples were heat-treated and then optical microscopy and microhardness were measured and compared to untreated ones and results found to be comparatively improved.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"287 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48627795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Effects of bypass-current and out plasma current on droplet transfer behaviours during plasma-MIG hybrid arc welding 旁路电流和外等离子体电流对等离子-MIG混合电弧焊熔滴转移行为的影响
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2153998
Y. Miao, Ziran Wang, Lin Wang, Xubo Ma, Qingwen Deng, Benshun Zhang
{"title":"Effects of bypass-current and out plasma current on droplet transfer behaviours during plasma-MIG hybrid arc welding","authors":"Y. Miao, Ziran Wang, Lin Wang, Xubo Ma, Qingwen Deng, Benshun Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2153998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2153998","url":null,"abstract":"A new method, bypass-current plasma-MIG hybrid arc welding, was proposed to weld AA 5083 aluminium alloy. A comparative investigation between simulation and experiment was performed to quantify different effects of bypass-current and out plasma current on droplet transfer behaviours. The results show that when the bypass-current is 15 A, the droplets present a projected transfer mode, and its period is 22 ms. But if the outer plasma current is 15 A, the transfer frequency increases 19.1 Hz, and the sizes of the droplet show a slight increase. This is due to the reduction of electromagnetic force and arc plasma force on droplets. The research outcomes provide benefits to the droplet transfer behaviours in control and optimisation during aluminium alloy welding.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"277 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41765914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Microstructure, mechanical and electrochemical properties of wire-arc additively manufactured duplex stainless steel 丝弧加成法制备双相不锈钢的组织、力学和电化学性能
IF 3.3 3区 材料科学
Science and Technology of Welding and Joining Pub Date : 2022-12-02 DOI: 10.1080/13621718.2022.2151766
Aobo Liu, Bangzhao Yin, Di Zhang, Peng Wen
{"title":"Microstructure, mechanical and electrochemical properties of wire-arc additively manufactured duplex stainless steel","authors":"Aobo Liu, Bangzhao Yin, Di Zhang, Peng Wen","doi":"10.1080/13621718.2022.2151766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2022.2151766","url":null,"abstract":"Wire-arc additively manufactured (WAAM) super duplex stainless steels (DSS) 2594 walls were fabricated to investigate the microstructure of different regions, including top, body and root as well as the influence of microstructure on mechanical and electrochemical properties. The microstructure was composed of ferrite and austenite with a few nitride precipitates. The ferrite content decreased from top to root. The average hardness increased slightly from top to root. The ultimate tensile strength of different regions varied slightly, comparable to that of the hot-rolled plate. Compared with those in vertical direction, samples in the horizontal direction had higher strength and lower elongation. The corrosion resistance ranked as root ≈ body > hot-rolled > top.","PeriodicalId":21729,"journal":{"name":"Science and Technology of Welding and Joining","volume":"28 1","pages":"268 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44171628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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