Seed Science Research最新文献_第6页

Seed-coat thickness explains contrasting germination responses to smoke and heat in Leucadendron 种皮厚度解释了亮子树对烟和热的不同萌发反应

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-07-05 DOI: 10.1017/s0960258522000113

B. Lamont, Pablo Gómez Barreiro, R. Newton

{"title":"Seed-coat thickness explains contrasting germination responses to smoke and heat in Leucadendron","authors":"B. Lamont, Pablo Gómez Barreiro, R. Newton","doi":"10.1017/s0960258522000113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960258522000113","url":null,"abstract":"Fire stimulates the germination of most seeds in fire-prone vegetation. Fruits of Leucadendron (Proteaceae) are winged achenes or nutlets that correlate with their requirements for smoke and/or heat in promoting germination. We describe five possible smoke–heat dormancy-release/germination syndromes among plants, of which Leucadendron displays three (no response, smoke only, smoke and heat). As seed-coat thickness varies with seed-storage location (plant or soil) and morphology (winged or wingless), we tested its possible role in water uptake and germination. Species with winged seeds achieved 100% germination in the absence of smoke/heat, seed coats were an order of magnitude thinner, and their permeability greatly exceeded that of nutlets. As seed-coat thickness increased (1) imbibitional water uptake declined at a decreasing rate, and (2) the response to smoke, and to a lesser extent heat, increased linearly to reach levels of germination approaching those of winged seeds. For species responsive to smoke and heat, there was no additive effect when applied together, suggesting that they may have promoted the same physiological process. We conclude that seed-coat thickness holds the key to germination requirements in this genus, independent of seed-storage location or morphology. By what mechanisms (1) the smoke response is greater the thicker the seed coat and (2) smoke chemicals might increase water permeability to explain the non-additive effect of smoke and heat, warrant further investigation.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49137856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cold stratification in winter is more than enough for seed dormancy-break of summer annuals in eastern North America: implications for climate change 冬季的冷分层足以使北美东部夏季一年生植物的种子休眠:对气候变化的影响

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-06-29 DOI: 10.1017/s0960258522000125

Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin

{"title":"Cold stratification in winter is more than enough for seed dormancy-break of summer annuals in eastern North America: implications for climate change","authors":"Carol C. Baskin, Jerry M. Baskin","doi":"10.1017/s0960258522000125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0960258522000125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Germination of seeds of some summer annuals in Kentucky (eastern USA) in late-winter lead to the hypothesis that under present climate conditions the whole length of the winter cold stratification (CS) period is not required for dormancy-break of seeds of summer annuals with physiological dormancy (PD). We evaluated our data from germination phenology studies of 45 species (69 datasets) and buried-seed studies of 33 species (44 datasets). We determined time and temperature of germination after CS and percentage of the total number of hours of CS during winter (% of winter CS) seeds received prior to start of germination. In the phenology studies, mean temperature during the week of first germination for C3 and C4 species was 11.1 and 14.4°C, respectively, and % of winter CS was 80.8 and 87.4, respectively. In the buried-seed studies, % of CS for C3 and C4 species was 40.8 and 48.1, respectively, when they germinated to 25% at 20/10°C. For 32 of 33 species in the buried-seed studies, the minimum temperature at which seeds germinated decreased with increased CS; thus, seeds had Type 2 non-deep PD. The time of germination is controlled by a number of hours of CS, a decrease in minimum temperature at which seeds can germinate and a temperature increase in early spring. Seeds can germinate at relatively high temperatures as early as December and January, but they continue to be CS until spring. Temperature increases in eastern North America due to global warming are not likely to inhibit the germination of summer annuals with PD in spring.</p>","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138519032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxygen, a key signalling factor in the control of seed germination and dormancy 氧气，控制种子发芽和休眠的关键信号因子

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1017/S096025852200006X

F. Corbineau

{"title":"Oxygen, a key signalling factor in the control of seed germination and dormancy","authors":"F. Corbineau","doi":"10.1017/S096025852200006X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S096025852200006X","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Oxygen is a major factor of seed germination since it allows resumption of respiration and subsequent metabolism reactivation during seed imbibition, thus leading to the production of reducing power and ATP. Most studies carried out in the 60s to 85s indicate that oxygen requirement depends on the species and is modulated by environmental factors. They have also demonstrated that the covering structures mainly inhibit germination by limiting oxygen supply to the embryo during imbibition through enzymatic oxidation of phenolic compounds by polyphenol oxidases (catechol oxidase and laccase) and peroxidases. Recent use of oxygen-sensitive microsensors has allowed to better characterize the oxygen diffusion in the seed and determine the oxygen content at the level of embryo below the covering structures. Here, I will also highlight the major data obtained over the last 30 years indicating the key role of oxygen in the molecular networks regulating seed germination and dormancy through (1) the hormonal balance (ethylene, ABA and GA), the hormone-signalling pathway and, in particular, the ABA sensitivity, (2) the emerging role of mitochondria in ROS production in hypoxia and (3) the involvement of the N-degron pathway in the turnover of proteins involved in seed tolerance to hypoxia.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46029800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Antioxidant depletion during seed storage under ambient conditions 环境条件下种子贮藏过程中抗氧化剂的消耗

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-06-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000101

Moritz Stegner, Johanna Wagner, Thomas Roach

{"title":"Antioxidant depletion during seed storage under ambient conditions","authors":"Moritz Stegner, Johanna Wagner, Thomas Roach","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000101","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cumulative oxidative damage from the unavoidable formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to seed ageing. Low-molecular-weight (LMW) antioxidants, such as water-soluble glutathione (GSH) and lipid-soluble tocochromanols, can prevent ROS from causing damage, especially when antioxidant enzymes are inactive due to desiccation. However, loss of tocochromanols does not always accompany seed ageing, such as during accelerated ageing or controlled deterioration, despite the presence of oxygen and prevalent loss of GSH. To assess relationships between total germination (TG) and antioxidant changes under storage conditions with practical relevance, commercial seeds of Cucumis sativus, Daucus carota, Helianthus cucumerifolius, Latuca sativa, Lepidium sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris and Raphinus sativus of the same cultivar were obtained over multiple years and stored under ambient conditions (21.9 ± 2.1°C; 36.8 ± 6.6% relative humidity). Sigmoidal fitting of TG revealed time to when 50% of seeds had lost viability, which ranged from <5 years (D. carota) to >15 years (C. sativus). Cellular redox states were quantified via the half-cell reduction potential of LMW thiol/disulphide couples. These negatively correlated with TG (i.e. cell redox states were more oxidized in lots with lower TG), with an average R2 value of 0.62 for the most abundant thiol (GSH, or γ-glutamyl-cysteine in P. vulgaris). Concentrations of tocochromanols positively correlated with TG, with an average R2 value of 0.50 for the most abundant tocochromanol (γ or α in L. sativa and H. cucumerifolius). Therefore, during viability loss under ambient ageing conditions leading to the cytoplasm having a glassy state, the lipid domain in all species experienced oxidative damage.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49517096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Oxidant system and ABA drive germination in seeds of palm species with differences in desiccation tolerance 氧化系统和ABA驱动干燥耐受性不同的棕榈种子萌发

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000095

Talita R. Silva dos Santos, E. M. Bicalho, Q. Garcia

{"title":"Oxidant system and ABA drive germination in seeds of palm species with differences in desiccation tolerance","authors":"Talita R. Silva dos Santos, E. M. Bicalho, Q. Garcia","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We investigated the thermal thresholds to seed germination and the variations in abscisic acid (ABA) levels and oxidative metabolism during seed dormancy-breaking and germination in two palm species with differences in desiccation tolerance. We used Mauritia flexuosa (buriti palm, desiccation-sensitive seeds) from swampy habitats (Veredas) and Attalea speciosa (babassu, desiccation-tolerant seeds) from the transition zone between the forest and semi-arid region (drained soils). Germination was evaluated at 15–40°C after dormancy-breaking (operculum removal). At optimal temperature for both species (30°C), embryos were sampled in distinct germination phases – dry, imbibed, after operculum removal and at early germination – and used for quantifying ABA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, antioxidant enzyme activities and for histolocalization of superoxide anion (O2−). Seeds of M. flexuosa germinated only in a narrow temperature range (25–35°C), while A. speciosa seeds germinated between 15 and 40°C. After operculum removal, reduced ABA levels in embryos of M. flexuosa were accompanied by constant H2O2 levels, while in A. speciosa, similar levels of ABA and H2O2 were maintained throughout all germination phases. The presence of O2− was restricted to the haustorium, and an increase in O2− accumulation was observed in both species after operculum removal. Similarities were noted between both species regarding enzyme activities; however, the activities were higher in embryos from M. flexuosa. The presence of O2− only in the haustorium indicates that this region of the embryo is an active structure following imbibition and is involved in germination itself, not just functioning in reserve mobilization.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47926427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seed traits and phylogenomics: prospects for the 21st century 21世纪种子性状与系统发育学展望

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000046

Mariko Nonogaki, S. Yamazaki, Eri Nishiyama, K. Ohshima, H. Nonogaki

{"title":"Seed traits and phylogenomics: prospects for the 21st century","authors":"Mariko Nonogaki, S. Yamazaki, Eri Nishiyama, K. Ohshima, H. Nonogaki","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000046","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Genetic and biochemical studies have greatly advanced our understanding of the biology of seeds in recent years. Another area of study, which could accelerate contemporary seed biology research, is phylogenomics that integrates the wealth of genome sequence data with evolutionary biology. The recent phylogenomic study of the DELAY OF GERMINATION1 family genes exemplifies how the molecular evolution of seed genes can be traced back through early diverging plants and what implications can be obtained from the analysis of seed gene diversification at ancient times. The identification of possible ancestors of seed genes in non-seed plants could illuminate the ancient roots of the molecular mechanisms driving seed maturation programmes. It is possible that the origins of molecular mechanisms associated with the induction of seed storage proteins and desiccation tolerance proteins date back to the time of, or even prior to, early diverging land plants. Abscisic acid-dependent growth arrest or dormancy mechanisms might date back to red algae, one of the oldest algal groups. Thus, understanding algal cell biology will also be an integral part of future seed biology research. Unravelling key events associated with the evolution of seed- and non-seed plants will not only advance basic research but could also contribute to applied aspects of seed science, potentially leading to technology development for agriculture.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42074579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

More on seed longevity phenotyping 更多关于种子寿命表型

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000034

F. Hay, R. M. Davies, J. Dickie, D. Merritt, Dustin M. Wolkis

引用次数: 5

Cleistogamous spike and chasmogamous spike carbon remobilization improve the seed potential yield of Cleistogenes songorica under water stress 水分胁迫下，裂殖穗和裂殖穗碳的再活化提高了锁孔草种子的潜在产量

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000058

Zhengshe Zhang, Mengjie Bai, Qibo Tao, Fan Wu, Qichuan Yan, Z. Nan, Yanrong Wang, Jiyu Zhang

{"title":"Cleistogamous spike and chasmogamous spike carbon remobilization improve the seed potential yield of Cleistogenes songorica under water stress","authors":"Zhengshe Zhang, Mengjie Bai, Qibo Tao, Fan Wu, Qichuan Yan, Z. Nan, Yanrong Wang, Jiyu Zhang","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Developmental signals and environmental stresses regulate carbon distribution in the vegetative and reproductive organs of plants and affect seed yield. Cleistogenes songorica is a xerophytic grass with great potential application value in ecological restoration. However, how carbohydrate transport and distribution during grain filling affect the seed yield of C. songorica under water stress is not clear. The present study showed that the soluble sugar and starch contents of cleistogamous (CL) spikes and chasmogamous (CH) spikes were significantly higher at the milk stage, which was attributed to a significantly higher seed number and seed yield per spike under water stress conditions than under well-watered conditions (P < 0.01). RNA-seq data revealed a total of 54,525 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under water stress conditions, but only 3744 DEGs were shared among all comparison groups. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that the transport and distribution of carbohydrates were regulated by ABA-responsive genes (CsABA8OX1_1, CsABA8OX1_2, CsABA8OX2_1, CsABA8OX2_2, CsNCED3, CsNCED1_1, CsNCED1_2 and CsNCED4_1) and sugar transport and starch synthesis genes (CsSUS1, CsSUS2, CsSUS3, CsAGP1, CsAGP4, CsAGP5, CsSSS1 and CsSBE5) under water stress conditions. These genes jointly regulated carbohydrate remobilization in sources (stems, leaves and sheaths) to promote grain filling and improve seed yield. The present study helped to clarify the phenotypic, metabolic and transcriptional response mechanisms of vegetative organs, such as stems and leaves, and reproductive organs, such as CL spikes and CH spikes, to promote carbohydrate redistribution under water stress, and it provides theoretical guidance for improving seed yields.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44253684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000071

A. Carta, E. Mattana, J. Dickie, F. Vandelook

{"title":"Correlated evolution of seed mass and genome size varies among life forms in flowering plants","authors":"A. Carta, E. Mattana, J. Dickie, F. Vandelook","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000071","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seeds show important variation as plant regenerative units among species, but their evolutionary co-variations with other plant characteristics are still poorly understood. Whilst a positive association of seed mass with genome size (GS) and life forms has already been documented, a broad-scale quantification of their evolutionary correlation and adaptive selection has never been conducted. Here, we tested for correlated evolution of seed mass and GS towards distinct selective regimes related to life form in angiosperms. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that the selection toward lighter seeds and smaller genomes is stronger for annual plants, ensuring high regenerative potential. Using multivariate evolutionary models over a dataset containing 3242 species, we showed an overall positive correlated evolution of seed mass and GS deviating from a pure drift process. Instead, evolutionary changes in seed and genome sizes were driven by adaptive selection towards optimal values differing among life forms. Specifically, the evolutionary optima towards which the seed and genome sizes evolve show a covariation toward small values in annuals, intermediate values in perennial herbs and a trade-off between seed mass and GS in woody plants. Moreover, the evolutionary correlation between seed mass and GS is strongest in annuals as an adaption to complete their life cycle in a short time window, when environmental conditions are favourable for regeneration and development to maturity. The asymmetry in the correlated evolution acting on seed and genome sizes due to life form could explain how life-history traits interplay with functional traits and how plants have evolved diverse successful life-history strategies.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43541774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Developing soybean seed germination: low ABA and high EXP1 gene expression promote embryonic axis growth whereas the seed coat delays radicle protrusion 发育中的大豆种子萌发:低ABA和高EXP1基因表达促进胚轴生长，种皮延缓胚根突出

IF 2.1 3区生物学

Seed Science Research Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0960258522000022

Nidia H. Montechiarini, E. Morandi, C. O. Gosparini

{"title":"Developing soybean seed germination: low ABA and high EXP1 gene expression promote embryonic axis growth whereas the seed coat delays radicle protrusion","authors":"Nidia H. Montechiarini, E. Morandi, C. O. Gosparini","doi":"10.1017/S0960258522000022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960258522000022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seed germination implies an expansion process restarting the growth of the embryonic axis (Ax) and which is completed by radicle emergence through the seed covering layers. In developing soybean seeds, abscisic acid in Ax (ABAa) mainly inhibits Ax growth. Additionally, the expression of the EXP1 gene at the elongation zone (EZ) was found to be involved in the promotion of mature soybean Ax growth, which increased during water incubation and which was repressed by exogenous ABA. This work aimed to evaluate (1) the ABAa and EXP1 levels at the EZ and (2) the role of the seed coat (SC) in developing soybean seed germination. Whole seeds (Se), embryos (Em) and Ax at 25–45 d after anthesis (DAA) germinated in vitro, and germination performance increased with DAA. ABAa decreased in planta from 25 DAA until its critical non-inhibitory threshold (ABAc) at around physiological maturity (45 DAA). At earlier ages, the ABAc was reached during the in vitro incubation. Concomitantly, EXP1 transcripts accumulated with age into the pool of long-lived mRNAs and were up-regulated during incubation. Additionally, isolated Ax germinated faster, took up more water and increased its water potential more rapidly during incubation than Ax in Se. Also, a lower osmotic gradient was required to germinate at 45 DAA, when ABAa was no longer inhibitory. Simultaneously, the pressure to protrude SC through the micropylar area increased from 25 to 45 DAA. These results support the role of ABAa and EXP1 in controlling Ax growth and the SC in delaying radicle protrusion.","PeriodicalId":21711,"journal":{"name":"Seed Science Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43295520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0