Scottish Medical Journal最新文献_第6页

Lasso algorithm and support vector machine strategy to screen pulmonary arterial hypertension gene diagnostic markers. Lasso算法与支持向量机策略筛选肺动脉高压基因诊断标记。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221132158

Chenyang Jiang, Weidong Jiang

{"title":"Lasso algorithm and support vector machine strategy to screen pulmonary arterial hypertension gene diagnostic markers.","authors":"Chenyang Jiang, Weidong Jiang","doi":"10.1177/00369330221132158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221132158","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study employs machine learning strategy algorithms to screen the optimal gene signature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) under big data in the medical field.Methods: The public database Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to analyze datasets of 32 normal controls and 37 PAH disease samples. The enrichment analysis was performed after selecting the differentially expressed genes. Two machine learning methods, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and support vector machine (SVM), were used to identify the candidate genes. The external validation data set further tests the expression level and diagnostic value of candidate diagnostic genes. The diagnostic effectiveness was evaluated by obtaining the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). The convolution tool CIBERSORT was used to estimate the composition pattern of the immune cell subtypes and to perform correlation analysis based on the combined training dataset.Results: A total of 564 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened in normal control and pulmonary hypertension samples. The enrichment analysis results were found to be closely related to cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, and immune-related pathways. The LASSO and SVM algorithms in machine learning used 5 × cross-validation to identify 9 and 7 characteristic genes. The two machine learning algorithms shared Caldesmon 1 (CALD1) and Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11) as genetic signals highly correlated with PAH. The results showed that the area under ROC (AUC) of the specific characteristic diagnostic genes were CALD1 (AUC = 0.924) and SLC7A11 (AUC = 0.962), indicating that the two diagnostic genes have high diagnostic value.Conclusion: CALD1 and SLC7A11 can be used as diagnostic markers of PAH to obtain new insights for the further study of the immune mechanism involved in PAH.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"21-31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10729238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Scottish Society of Physicians 64^th Annual Meeting. 苏格兰医师协会第64届年会。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221140333

引用次数: 0

Urinary bladder recurrences following ureteroscopic biopsies of upper tract urothelial cancers: a multi-centre observational study with genomic assessment for clonality. 输尿管镜下上路尿路上皮癌活检后膀胱复发:一项多中心观察性克隆基因组评估研究

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221134233

Thineskrishna Anbarasan, Sheikh Nissar, Julie Turbitt, Kathryn Walls, Sarah McLuckie, Caroline Clark, Jean-Christophe Bourdon, Joel Tracey, Susan Bray, Atlaf Shamsuddin, Jason Alcorn, Sunjay Jain, Robert Hislop, Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Ghulam Nabi

{"title":"Urinary bladder recurrences following ureteroscopic biopsies of upper tract urothelial cancers: a multi-centre observational study with genomic assessment for clonality.","authors":"Thineskrishna Anbarasan, Sheikh Nissar, Julie Turbitt, Kathryn Walls, Sarah McLuckie, Caroline Clark, Jean-Christophe Bourdon, Joel Tracey, Susan Bray, Atlaf Shamsuddin, Jason Alcorn, Sunjay Jain, Robert Hislop, Chandra Shekhar Biyani, Ghulam Nabi","doi":"10.1177/00369330221134233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221134233","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: Urinary bladder recurrences (UBRs) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNUx) are a known challenge in patients with upper-tract urothelial cancers (UTUCs). We aim to assess factors associated with UBR and clonal-relatedness with resected UTUC.Methods: Patients who underwent RNUx for UTUC between 1998 and 2015 in five institutions were identified. Clonal relatedness between primary UTUC and subsequent UBR in a sub-cohort was assessed using next-generation sequencing. A Kaplan-Meier curve was used to assess differences in UBR between two groups (with or without ureteroscopic biopsy).Results: Of 267 patients with complete records, 73 (27.3%) had UBR during follow-up. The five-year UBR-free survival in all patients was 64.7%. The five-year UBR-free-survival was inferior in patients who underwent URS biopsy compared with patients who did not undergo ureteroscopic biopsy (49.9% vs 76.4%, p < 0.001). History of bladder tumour (HR, 95% CI; 2.94, 1.73-5.00, p < 0.001), ureteroscopic biopsy (HR, 95% CI; 2.21, 1.38-3.53, p = 0.001) and preoperative urine cytology ≥C3 (HR, 95% CI; 2.06, 1.24-3.40, p = 0.005) were independently associated with UBR. Patients with ureteroscopic biopsy (n = 3/5) showed identical mutational changes for common genes (TP53 and FGFR3) between primary UTUC and subsequent UBR.Conclusions: Ureteroscopic biopsy of UTUC is a significant risk factor for UBR. Qualitative clonality assessment showed identical mutational signatures between primary UTUC and UBR.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"4-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10786743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Half a century of the inverse care law: A comparison of general practitioner job satisfaction and patient satisfaction in deprived and affluent areas of Scotland. 半个世纪的反护理法:苏格兰贫困和富裕地区全科医生工作满意度和患者满意度的比较。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221132156

Stewart W Mercer, Carey J Lunan, Clare MacRae, David Ag Henderson, Bridie Fitzpatrick, John Gillies, Bruce Guthrie, Johanna Reilly

{"title":"Half a century of the inverse care law: A comparison of general practitioner job satisfaction and patient satisfaction in deprived and affluent areas of Scotland.","authors":"Stewart W Mercer, Carey J Lunan, Clare MacRae, David Ag Henderson, Bridie Fitzpatrick, John Gillies, Bruce Guthrie, Johanna Reilly","doi":"10.1177/00369330221132156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221132156","url":null,"abstract":"Background and aims: The 'inverse care law', first described in 1971, results from a mismatch of healthcare need and healthcare supply in deprived areas. GPs in such areas struggle to cope with the high levels of demand resulting in shorter consultations and poorer patient outcomes. We compare recent national GP and patient satisfaction data to investigate the ongoing existence of this disparity in Scotland.Methods and results: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional national surveys (2017/2018) on upper and lower deprivation quintiles. GP measures; job satisfaction, job stressors, positive and negative job attributes. Patient measures; percentage positive responses per practice on survey questions on access and consultation quality. GPs in high deprivation areas reported lower job satisfaction and positive job attributes, and higher job stressors and negative job attributes compared with GPs in low deprivation areas. Patients living in high deprivation areas reported lower satisfaction with access and consultation quality than patients in low deprivation areas. These differences in GP and patient satisfaction persisted after adjusting for confounding variables.Conclusions: Lower GP work satisfaction in deprived areas was mirrored by lower patient satisfaction. These findings add to the evidence that the inverse care law persists in Scotland, over 50 years after it was first described.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10729233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Mechanistic research closes the gap in knowledge gained from observational findings. 机械研究弥补了从观察发现中获得的知识差距。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330231151800

Ghulam Nabi

{"title":"Mechanistic research closes the gap in knowledge gained from observational findings.","authors":"Ghulam Nabi","doi":"10.1177/00369330231151800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330231151800","url":null,"abstract":"When you will get the February issue of Scottish Medical Journal in your hands, we will be in 2023 and recovered from our festive breaks and all set to face challenges of the world. Similar to expected and unexpected future challenges, one of the difficult issues in Medical Research has been lack of knowledge and understanding of mechanisms involved in disease processes and their differential responses to interventions. The February issue of SMJ reports a multi-institutional observational study of upper tract urothelial cancers (Figure) and confirms a higher rate of urinary bladder recurrences following ureteroscopic biopsy procedures. The paper further attempts to explore the mechanistic basis of this observation and showed clonal relatedness between upper tract urothelial cancers and urinary bladder recurrences. What is interesting about this study is the use of targeted next-generation sequencing of Colon and Lung Cancer Research Panel v2. Previous studies used MSK-IMPACT and in-house targeted sequences but concluded similar to us. The second important difference between previous studies and ours is the use of stained slides to extract tissue material (microdissection) as DNA resources.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10859605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A triangulation model for assessment of change in classroom behavior of medical teachers participating in faculty development program on lecturing skills. 医学教师参与教学技巧发展计划之课堂行为改变之三角测量模型评估。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221130766

Syed Muhammad Hammad Ali, Noor Fatima Ahsen, Ahsan Zil-E-Ali

{"title":"A triangulation model for assessment of change in classroom behavior of medical teachers participating in faculty development program on lecturing skills.","authors":"Syed Muhammad Hammad Ali, Noor Fatima Ahsen, Ahsan Zil-E-Ali","doi":"10.1177/00369330221130766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221130766","url":null,"abstract":"Background & aims: We utilized a triangulation method of a faculty development program's (FDP) evaluation comprising short-course workshops on classroom behaviors and lecturing skills of basic sciences faculty in a medical school.Methods & results: This study utilized data from the pre and post evaluation of classroom lectures by an expert observer. Course participants were observed before the inception of a 4-month FDP and after 6-months of program completion. Findings at 6-month post-FDP interval were supplemented with students' and participant's self-evaluation. Expert evaluation of 15 participants showed that more participants were summarizing lectures at the end of their class (p = 0.021), utilizing more than one teaching tool (p = 0.008) and showing a well-structured flow of information (p = 0.013). Among the students, majority (95.5%, n = 728) agreed on \"teachers were well-prepared for the lecture\", however, a low number (66.1%, n = 504) agreed on \"teachers were able to make the lecture interesting\". On self-evaluation (n = 12), majority of the participants (91.7%, n = 11) thought these FDP workshops had a positive impact on their role as a teacher.Conclusions: Gathering feedback from multiple sources can provide a more holistic insight into the impact of an FDP and can provide a robust framework for setting up future FDP targets.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"68 1","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9279684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Reply. 答复

IF 12.6 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-12-01 Epub Date: 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.02.041

Dennis Yang

引用次数: 0

Scottish Society of Physicians 63^rd Annual Meeting. 苏格兰医师协会第63届年会。

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221124829

引用次数: 0

A constructivist approach to teach neuroanatomy lab: Students’ perceptions of an active learning environment 建构主义的神经解剖学实验教学方法:学生对积极学习环境的认知

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-12 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221107101

Sherif S. Hassan, Fauzia Nausheen, Frank Scali, Hina Mohsin, Charity Thomann

{"title":"A constructivist approach to teach neuroanatomy lab: Students’ perceptions of an active learning environment","authors":"Sherif S. Hassan, Fauzia Nausheen, Frank Scali, Hina Mohsin, Charity Thomann","doi":"10.1177/00369330221107101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221107101","url":null,"abstract":"Background A recent trend in medical education is developing a more dynamic and integrated curriculum. Team-based learning (TBL) increases students’ engagement and the active construction of anatomical knowledge. This initial study aimed to empirically observe medical students’ perceptions of their achievement of learning outcomes and the construction of their neuroanatomy knowledge, critical thinking, and problem-solving using an interactive whiteboard (IWB) as a teaching strategy. Methods An independent neuroanatomy lab survey collected students’ perceptions and comments about their learning experiences using the IWB on a questionnaire using a 5-point Likert scale. Results Student participants felt that using the IWB has facilitated their learning experience. 94.2% of student participants endorsed feelings that new technology has helped them achieve their learning outcomes, helped them integrate both their basic science and clinical science/skills knowledge (90.4%), enhanced their problem-solving skills (92.3%), facilitated their interaction with the neuroanatomy faculty (96.2%) and increase their critical thinking (88.4%). Conclusion Collecting such empirical data about students’ perceptions and their learning environment should help neurosciences faculty in medical schools better outline their activities to faculty at other medical institutions. Applying these methods may enhance the learning process, save time during neuroanatomy lab, and it could also help overcome the shortage of qualified neuroanatomy educators.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"80 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42309423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer: An updated meta-analysis 多囊卵巢综合征与子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌和乳腺癌风险的最新荟萃分析

IF 2.7 4区医学

Scottish Medical Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1177/00369330221107099

Zhen Li, Yuhua Wang, Linlin Wang, Dingtao Hu, Ying Teng, Tingyu Zhang, Ziye Yan, Fang Wang, Y. Zou

{"title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer: An updated meta-analysis","authors":"Zhen Li, Yuhua Wang, Linlin Wang, Dingtao Hu, Ying Teng, Tingyu Zhang, Ziye Yan, Fang Wang, Y. Zou","doi":"10.1177/00369330221107099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00369330221107099","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims This updated meta-analysis aimed to further quantify the risk of endometrial, ovarian, and breast cancer in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thus providing updated and more reliable estimates. Methods and Results We identified relevant articles by searching electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Chinese Biological Medical Literature (CBM) published up to March 20, 2021. The pooled effect estimates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effect model or the fixed-effect model. A total of 26 eligible studies were included. We found that PCOS was significantly associated with endometrial cancer (odds ratios [OR]: 3.66, 95%CI: 2.05–6.54, P < 0.001), but not with ovarian or breast cancer (OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 0.99–1.53, P = 0.059; OR: 0.94, 95%CI: 0.78–1.14, P = 0.551, respectively). However, in subgroups of high-quality studies, cohort studies, younger women (54 years or less or premenopausal), and studies with unadjusted body mass index (BMI), PCOS patients had a significantly higher risk of ovarian cancer. Conclusion These results indicated that PCOS is a significant risk factor for endometrial cancer independent of BMI, but not for breast cancer. PCOS may increase the risk of ovarian cancer in younger women.","PeriodicalId":21683,"journal":{"name":"Scottish Medical Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"109 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41717379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9