SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi最新文献

{"title":"SİNİR BÜYÜME FAKTÖRÜ İLE FARKLILAŞTIRILMIŞ PC12 HÜCRELERİNİN MORFOMETRİK VE FLORESANS ANALİZİ","authors":"Simge Ünay, Ferhat Şi̇ri̇nyildiz","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1329845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1329845","url":null,"abstract":"Objective PC12 is a rat pheochromocytoma cell line. These cells characteristically undergo differentiation when cultured with nerve growth factor (NGF). Depending on the dose of NGF, the length of neurite extensions changes. Thanks to this differentiation property, the cells are used in neuroscience and in modeling pathophysiological diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. However, literature studies showing the effect of NGF on neurite extensions formed in PC12 cells are very limited. This study aimed to investigate the effect of NGF on neurite extensions and cell viability depending on dose and incubation time. Materials and Methods In this study, PC12 cells were incubated with 50 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml NGF for 3, 6 and 7 days. The lengths of neurite outgrowths and dead cell ratios were calculated in incubated cells. Results The results showed that the length of neurite extensions and dead cell ratio increased depending on NGF doses and incubation time. When NGF incubation times were compared, no difference was found between 50 ng/ml NGF 6 days and 100 ng/ml NGF 3 days groups. Conclusion When the dead cell ratios and sizes of neurite extensions in the experimental groups are evaluated, it is thought that 100 ng/ml NGF and 3 days incubation time parameters are ideal for PC12 cell differentiation.","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"31 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139154176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on MicroRNA Levels in Pancreatic Cancer Cells","authors":"Ali Haydar Kaygusuz, Fatma Sogutlu, Ç. BİRAY AVCI","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1361012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1361012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Pancreatic cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in developed countries, exhibits a dismal 5-year median survival rate of less than 5%. Gemcitabine (GEM), an FDA-approved pyrimidine antimetabolite, is commonly employed in pancreatic cancer therapy. However, due to its indiscriminate targeting of all dividing cells, severe side effects are frequently observed in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing GEM treatment. Consequently, meta-analyses have demonstrated that combining GEM with other active compounds significantly improves the 1-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer patients. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an active compound found in green tea (Camellia sinensis), has shown anti-cancer effects in previous studies on pancreatic cancer. Several studies have provided evidence for the efficacy of the GEM and EGCG combination in treating pancreatic cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain a subject of investigation. Notably, among the studies conducted thus far, none have explored the impact of altered miRNA expression, a critical epigenetic modulator in pancreatic cancer pathology. In this study, we aim to determine the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the Gemcitabine and EGCG combination in PANC1 cells, a pancreatic cancer model. Subsequently, we investigate the effectiveness of this combination on the expression levels of miRNAs involved in cancer progression. Material and Methods: Cytotoxicity of GEM and EGCG in PANC1 cells was assessed using the WST-1 assay, and combination effects were analyzed using isobologram analysis. Apoptosis analysis was performed using the Annexin V method. miRNA isolation was conducted with the miRNeasy Kit, followed by cDNA synthesis using the miScript II Reverse Transcription Kit. Changes in the expression of miRNAs involved in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis were examined using real-time qRT-PCR analysis. Results: The IC50 values for GEM at 24, 48, and 72 hours were determined as 72.85 μM, 26.55 μM, and 9.38 μM, respectively. EGCG's IC50 values at 24, 48, and 72 hours were determined as 64.36 μM, 48.34 μM, and 19.73 μM, respectively. When combined at a 2:3 ratio (GEM: EGCG) at 24 and 72 hours, a synergistic effect was observed, while at 48 hours, a strong synergistic drug interaction was observed. Treatment with the 48-hour GEM dose resulted in a 4.2-fold increase in apoptosis compared to untreated controls, whereas the combination treatment led to a 12.04-fold increase. After combination treatment, the expression of tumor suppressor miRNAs, miR-137, and miR-130a-3p, increased, while the expression of oncogenic miRNAs, including miR-27a-3p, miR-425-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-187-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-324-5p, and miR-486-5p, decreased. Conclusion: EGCG can sensitize pancreatic cancer to GEM through epigenetic mechanisms, shedding light on novel therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"33 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139175400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ ARAŞTIRMA VE UYGULAMA HASTANESİ SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ BAĞIŞIKLANMA DURUMLARININ VE BAĞIŞIKLANMAYI ETKİLEYEN ETMENLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ","authors":"Hanım Kumbul, Özgür Önal","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1392808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1392808","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunization status of healthcare workers in Suleyman Demirel University Research and Training Hospital and factors affecting immunization. Material and Method This research, planned as a cross-sectional and analytical type, was carried out between February 2020 and July 2020. The population for the research comprised healthcare workers at Suleyman Demirel University Research and Training Hospital (1827 people). The sample size was calculated as 397 for an unknown prevalence of 50%, 95% confidence level, absolute precision of 5% and a design effect of 1.25. Dependent variables were immunization status for influenza, hepatitis B, MMR, tetanus, varicella, and hepatitis A vaccines. Independent variables included features that might be related to sociodemographic features and immunization status. The statistical significance level was accepted as p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"220 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139179949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF ANESTHESIA METHOD APPLIED IN ELECTIVE CESAREAN SECTION ON NEONATAL BILIRUBIN LEVEL","authors":"Deniz Turan","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1338003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1338003","url":null,"abstract":"Amaç Günümüzde oransal olarak artma eğilimi gösteren sezaryen operasyonlarında, genel ve rejyonel anestezi teknikleri uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada; genel anestezi yönteminin yenidoğan bilurubini üzerine olan etkisini incelemek ve rejyonel anestezi yöntemi ile doğan bebeklerin bilurubin seviyesi ile karşılaştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem Mart 2022- Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında,18 yaşın üzerinde term gebelik ile elektif olarak sezaryen planlanan, komplikasyonsuz 154 hasta rastgele çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Karaciğer ve safra yolları hastalığı tanısı alan, sistemik karaciğer ve safra yolları etkili etkili ilaç kullanımı olan, direkt coombs testi (Dcoombs) (+) ve covid (+) kliniği olan vakalar ekarte edilmiştir. Bulgular Çalışmamıza dahil edilen hastalardan 75’i (%48,8) genel anestezi yöntemi, 79’una (%51,2) spinal anestezi yöntemi uygulanarak sezaryen operasyonu gerçekleştirilmiştir. Genel anestezi grubunda; yenidoğanlardan transkutanöz yolla ciltten bakılan, 1.saat ve 4.saat bilurubin değeri spinal anestezi grubundan anlamlı (p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARE VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT DIAGNOSES IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP AFFECTED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC?","authors":"Zehra Tamburaci","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1357263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1357263","url":null,"abstract":"Amaç Polikliniğimize yönlendirilen hastalardan ventriküler septal defekt tespit edilenlerin sayısı, ventriküler septal defekt yeri ve boyutu, yol açtığı komplikasyonlar, medikal, cerrahi ya da spontan kapanma olasılığı incelenmiş, Covid-19 pandemisi koşullarında, rutin poliklinik muayene sayılarında ve VSD tanısı koyma oranında bir farklılık olup olmadığı, pandemi öncesi verilerimiz ile kıyaslanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem 2018-2022 yılları arasında hekime, göğüs ağrısı, çarpıntı, çabuk yorulma, nefes almada zorlanma, bayılma gibi semptomlar veya kalp dışı herhangi bir şikayet ile başvuru sırasında rutin muayenede üfürüm duyulması nedeniyle yapılan transtorasik ekokardiyografi sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular Pandemi öncesi 2018-2020 yılları arasındaki ekokardiyografi yapılan 16362 hastanın 91’inde (grup 1), pandemi dönemi olan 2020-2022 yılları arasında ekokardiyografi yapılan 14248 hastanın 202’sinde (grup 2), ventriküler septal defekt görülmüş olup, pandemi döneminde ventriküler septal defektli hasta oranının daha fazla olması yönünde anlamlıdır (p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yapay Zekâ Destekli Sohbet Robotlarının Yaygın Ortodontik Soruları Cevaplama Başarısının Değerlendirilmesi","authors":"Sercan Taşkin, Mine GEÇGELEN CESUR, Mustafa Uzun","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1369828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1369828","url":null,"abstract":"ÖZ Amaç: Bu çalışmada ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların ortodontistlerine yaygın olarak sordukları soruların yapay zekâ destekli sohbet robotları tarafından cevaplanma başarısının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Ortodontik tedavi gören hastaların yaygın olarak sordukları 15 soru internet veri tabanından araştırılarak ChatGPT3.5, ChatGPT4, BING ve ZekAI uygulamalarına 15 Mayıs 2023’te sorulmuştur. Uygulamaların verdikleri cevaplar iki ortodonti uzmanı, iki ortodonti araştırma görevlisi ve iki diş hekimi tarafından 1 (en yeterli)’den 5 (en yetersiz)’e kadar oluşturulan Likert Skalası ölçeğine göre puanlanmıştır. Bulgular: İstatistiksel değerlendirmeler sonucunda çalışmada yer alan iki ortodonti uzmanı (MGC, MU) ve iki ortodonti asistanı (AAA, ST) ChatGPT4 uygulamasına BING uygulamasına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşük puan vermiştir (p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139186016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Multi-Sensory Stimulation on Neonatal Interventional Pain in Examination for Premature Retinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Halil İbrahim Taşdemir","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1333089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1333089","url":null,"abstract":"Amaç: Prematüre yenidoğanlarda sıkça uygulanan girişimlerden biri de prematüre retinopatisi muayenesidir. Bu muayenenin yenidoğanlar için ağrılı bir işlem olduğu, prematüre yenidoğanlarda ağrıya bağlı bir takım fizyolojik ve davranışsal değişikliklere yol açabileceği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada, prematüre yenidoğanlarda prematüre retinopati taraması amacıyla uygulanan göz muayenesi sırasında uygulanabilecek olan çoklu duyusal uyarımın girişimsel ağrı üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma uygulayıcı ve değerlendirici kör, randomize kontrollü bir klinik çalışma olarak tasarlanmıştır. Çalışma toplamda 60 prematüre yenidoğanla yürütülmüştür. Müdahale grubuna göz muayenesi başlamadan 15 dakika önce çoklu duyusal uyarım programı uygulanırken, kontrol grubuna ek bir girişim uygulanmaksızın rutin bakım uygulanmıştır. Birincil sonuç ölçütü için Yenidoğan Ağrı Profili kullanılmıştır. İkincil sonuç ölçütleri ise kalp atım hızı ve oksijen doygunluğunu içermektedir. Veriler SPSS yazılımı (sürüm 23) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmada müdahale öncesi her iki grupta da ağrı skorları istatistik olarak benzer bulundu (Kontrol grubu: 3,6 ± 1,7, Girişim grubu: 3,2 ± 1,4, p=0,401) Göz muayenesi sırasında ve muayene sonrasında ağrı skorları açısından iki grubun faklı olduğu saptandır (p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"72 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139187037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE RELATION BETWEEN MODIFIED SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION SCORE AND PROGNOSTIC MARKERS OF GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS","authors":"Fırat Canlikarakaya, Serhat Ocaklı, Cengiz Ceylan, Abidin Göktaş, İlkay Güler, S. Terzioğlu","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1382872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1382872","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Gastrointestinal stromal tumours are tumours of mesenchymal origin that can be located along the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, the role of Modified systemic inflammation score in predicting the prognosis of these tumours was investigated. Material and Method 115 patients diagnosed with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) who underwent surgery at Ankara City Hospital between June 1, 2019 and December 1, 2022 were examined. Tumor location, size, presence of rupture-bleeding-necrosis, Ki-67 level, mitotic index and preoperative albumin, lymphocyte and monocyte levels were evaluated. mSIS score was grouped as 0, 1 and 2. The relationship between mSIS and Ki- 67 index and the presence of rupture, necrosis and bleeding was investigated. Results Out of 115 patients, 68 (59 %) were male, 47 (41 %) were female, with an average age of 62.5 (± 12.67) years. Tumor locations: stomach (64.3 %), small intestine (26 %), colon (5.2 %), esophagus (1.8 %), pancreas (1.8 %), and ovary (0.9 %). Necrosis was in 25 (30.7 %), hemorrhage in 67 (58.7 %), rupture in 19 (16.8 %), and the mean Ki-67 level was 9.09 (± 10.64). 63 (54.8 %) patients had mSIS 0, 29 (25.2 %) had mSIS 1, and 23 (20 %) had mSIS 2. Statistical analysis found a significant correlation between mSIS and necrosis, but not with other parameters. Conclusion The mSIS score is a valuable score showing inflammation in the body and has been shown to be associated with the prognosis of many malignancies. In our study, the presence of necrosis in the tumour was found to be associated with the mSIS score. Although this result alone is not sufficient to predict the prognosis, it is thought to be an issue that may open the door to new studies.","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"2 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139189223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YETİŞKİNLERDE DİKKATİ BAŞKA YÖNE ÇEKME YÖNTEMLERİNİN AKUT AĞRI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: RANDOMİZE KONTROLLÜ ÇALIŞMA","authors":"Tuğçe Çamlica, Fatma ETİ ASLAN","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1371829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1371829","url":null,"abstract":"Objective This study aims to determine the pain experienced by adult patients during the bloodletting procedure and to reveal the effect of visual and auditory methods on the level of pain compared to routine bloodletting procedures. Material and Method The study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial. The study was carried out in a blood collection unit of a hospital on 15.01.2022. A total of ninety-nine patients were randomized into three groups (visual, auditory, and control groups). Visual Group patients were asked to focus on the nature photograph on the screen, and the Auditory Group patients were asked to focus on the nature sounds they listened to. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistical methods, Kruskal- Wallis, Pearson Chi-Square, and Monte Carlo Exact Tests were used. The significance level was taken as p","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of combination of RF and pulsed magnetic field on carotid arteria ischemia and reperfusion induced brain injury: A preliminary report","authors":"Rümeysa Taner, H. Aşçi, Dinçer Uysal, S. Asci, Melike DOĞAN ÜNLÜ, Ali Serdar Oğuzoğlu, Selçuk Çömlekçi̇, Özlem Özmen","doi":"10.17343/sdutfd.1343406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1343406","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: A cerebrovascular accident can trigger inflammation in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum tissues due to ischemia mediated by atherosclerotic plaque in the brain. Radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) and pulsed magnetic field (PMF) applications can increase nitric oxide formation from the vascular endothelial layer. The aim of this preliminary study is to reduce the damage in different tissues of the brain caused by ischemia. Material and Methods: Nine rats were grouped as sham (only neck dissection applied and put into RF-EMF and PMF unit for 0-30 minutes without operating the device), Prophylactic RF-EMF+IR, Prophylactic PMF+IR, Prophylactic RF-EMF+PMF+IR, Therapeutic RF-EMF+IR, Therapeutic PMF+IR, Therapeutic RF-EMF+PMF+IR, Prophylactic+Therapeutic RF-EMF+PMF+IR, and IR (carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion applied 30 min for both). In single or combined applications of prophylactic/therapeutic RF-EMF and PMF groups, rats were put into the experimental unit for 30 minutes of magnetic field exposure before and after ischemia. After sacrification, brain tissues were collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical analyses as brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions. Results: In the IR group, marked hyperemia, edema, hemorrhage, and neuronal degenerations were diagnosed histopathologically. Also, increased TNF-α, mTOR, iNOS, and decreased BDNF staining were observed immunohistochemically. Prophylactic and/or Therapeutic RF-EMF and/or PMF applications reversed all these parameters. The most amelioration was observed in the Prophylactic+Therapeutic RF-EMF+PMF+IR group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the regression of the inflammatory scene due to ischemia in all three tissues with RF-EMF and PMF is important in terms of the occurrence of neurological deficits, the continuity of learning and memory mechanisms, and the preservation of balance functions.","PeriodicalId":21647,"journal":{"name":"SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139240901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}