Selekcija i Semenarstvo最新文献

{"title":"Genetic gain in grain yield and main agronomic traits of winter wheat during the past 90 years in Pannonian plain","authors":"Tanja Dražič, B. Jocković, V. Momčilović, Vladimir Aćin, S. Mikić, M. Mirosavljević","doi":"10.5937/selsem2202022d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2202022d","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to quantify the changes in grain yield and main agronomic traits in winter wheat cultivars registered during the past 90 years . A field trial with 18 winter wheat cultivars registered from 1930 to 2016 was conducted at the experimental field Rimiski šančevi during two growing seasons . The following agronomic traits were measured: grain yield, stem height, spike length, heading date, hectolitre mass, 1000 grain weight, and grain number per unit area . The results of this study showed that there was a significant genotypic effect on the studied traits . Du-ring the past 90 years, grain yield increased at rate of 50 kg ha -1 per year of cultivar release . Grain yield improvement was followed by stem height decrease (0 .4 cm per year of cultivar release) and earlier heading date in modern cultivars, which were 7 -8 days earlier than the older ones . Modern wheat cultivars were characterized by a higher grain number per unit area than the ol-der ones while during the past 90 years, the 1000 grain weight was not significantly related to the year of cultivar release . Further grain yield improvement should be related to a further increase of grain number per unit area while maintaining a higher 1000 grain weight.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidants from maize seeds and accelerated ageing","authors":"N. Kravić, V. Dragičević, M. Milivojević, Vojka Babić, S. Žilić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102047k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102047k","url":null,"abstract":"Seed deterioration is expressed as the loss of viability, vigour and quality during ageing. The major causes of seed deterioration refer to free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation or protein degradation, disruption of cellular membranes and damage to genetic integrity. Accelerated ageing (AA) is a simple method for studying the mechanisms of deterioration over short periods. In order to estimate the deterioration rate, seeds of four maize genotypes were exposed to accelerated ageing for different time points (three and six days of AA). In parallel, the same genotypes were evaluated regarding the content of total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as regarding total antioxidant capacity. Compared to non-stressed seeds, ageing was evidenced by decreased germination energy (48 .9%), a total number of seedlings (40 .8%) and seedlings growth (70 .0% for root length, 44 .0% and 10 .5% for root and shoot fresh weight, 5 .0% for seed rest fresh weight, 12 .0% and 11 .5% for root and shoot dry weight, 15 .3% for seed rest dry weight, respectively), as well as by an increased number of abnormal seedlings (22 .0%). Correlation analysis revealed that higher content of total phenolics, flavonoids and anthocyanins contributed to a higher radical scavenging activity, which was reflected through a lower level of deterioration rate, both regarding the energy of germination and overall seedling performance.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of genotypes and environment on eggplant yield","authors":"J. Damnjanovic, S. Pavlović, Z. Girek, S. Savić, M. Ugrinović, M. Brdar-Jokanović, N. Pavlović","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102011d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102011d","url":null,"abstract":"One of the goals in eggplant breeding (Solanum melongena L .) is higher yield, as well as adaptation to different environments. Our study included 20 different eggplant genotypes. The experiment was conducted at three different locations (Smederevska Palanka, Vranovo and Kusadak) using a randomized complete block design in three replications. The influence of two factors on yield per plant was examined: genotype and location. Two-factor ANOVA showed a significant influence of genotype, location as well as genotype x location interaction on yield per plant . After the analysis of 20 genotypes at three different locations, the recorded average yield per plant was 2 .47 kg. Significantly higher yields per plant than the general average were recorded for genotypes K13 (3 .02 kg), K20 (2 .99 kg), K21 (3 .44 kg), K34 (4 .35 kg), K39 (4 .28 kg). The hig-hest yield had the genotype K34 at the location Vranovo (4 .71 kg). At the locatio of Smederevska Palanka, genotype K39 had the highest average value, while genotype K1 (1 .09 kg) had the lowest yield below the general average. Genotype K39 had a significantly higher yield per plant above the average value at the Kusadak site. Based on the results of AMMI analysis, it can be concluded that there are significant differences between locations, genotypes as well as interactions (Table 3). Of the total sum of squares, 86 .10% refers to the effect of genotype, while the sum of squares of genotype × location is three times higher than the sum of squares of location (10 .25% compared to 3 .07%). The most stable location based on the AMMI stability coefficient (0 .92) was Smede-revska Palanka, while the least stable was Kusadak (2 .34). Genotypes K13, K39, K36, with a yield above the general average, had a low value of PC1, which indicates that they were less influenced by locations, ie. that they had good yield stability in all locations . Genotype K34 stood out as the most productive genotype. Genotypes K3, K7, K16, K19 and K38 were below the average yield value but proved to be stable . The strongest interaction (ASV) was observed in genotypes K1 (below average yield) and K21, K25 (above average yield), where the last two are closely adapted to the location Kusadak.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The variability and interdependence of basic technological quality parameters of maize hybrids in long-term research","authors":"V. Nikolić, Vojka Babić, N. Kravić, M. Filipović, S. Žilić, M. Simić, M. Radosavljević","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102021n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102021n","url":null,"abstract":"In the process of hybrid maize breeding, the greatest attention is directed towards increasing the level and stability of the yield, while grain quality is of secondary importance. The very principles of hybrid breeding, as well as the economic aspects and competition between different breeding companies, have led to an enormous narrowing of the genetic basis of commercial maize hybrids. Concurrently, there is usually a small number of often related hybrids of similar technological and nutritional quality present on the market. Six best-selling ZP maize hybrids in the previous ten years were chosen as the subject of this study. In the period from 2009-2018, both the yield components and parameters of technological and nutritional quality of the grain were studied. It was found that the examined parameters varied a lot in different years of production and that some parameters were more influenced by genotype (number of kernel rows per ear, portion of pericarp, and crude fiber content) while others were more influenced by the environment (kernel weight per ear, total protein, starch, and oil content, respectively). The amount and the distribution of precipitation during the vegetative period affected not only the yield components i .e. grain yield but also the technological quality parameters and nutritional properties of the grain. Based on the observed parental components, it is evident that they are related hybrids that, despite the high genotype by environment interactions, consequently have similar parameters of technological quality and nutritional composition. The imperative is to develop special breeding programs aiming to create both the starting material and parental components to provide hybrids of improved technological quality and nutritional properties on the market. In that way, the needs of the processing industry for raw materials of certain characteristics can be met.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations of grain yields and yield components among mother's and full-sib progenies of soybean","authors":"M. Srebrić, V. Perić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101033s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101033s","url":null,"abstract":"The F2 population was developed by crossing the adaptive yield variety of soybean with a variety without the Kunitz trypsin inhibitor in the mature grain. From the segregating F2 population 48 plants were taken. Their seeds were used to set up field experiment; part of the seed was saved for full-sib (FS) crosses. After yield testing, three lines marked as L6, L30 and L38 were chosen. Two FS cross combination, using saved seeds, were made (L30 x L38 and L6 x L30). Progenies of soybean full-sibs (FSF1:2) and each mother plant (F3:4) were grown, to make enough seed for testing in the field experiment. Data obtained in this experiment were processed to determine correlations of grain yield and other studied traits between mother's and proper full-sib progenies, using simple correlations and Spearman's rank correlations. A significant correlation into examinated traits between two types of progenies does not found, except for stem height and 1000 grain weight in the FS combination L30 x L38. The lack of correlation of plant characteristics between progenies of full-sibs and their mothers indicated the influence of lines used as fathers component. In both combinations of FS crosses, FSF1:2 progenies with better yield than the adapted parent (one without Kunitz trypsin inhibitor) were identified, which are considered promising for the further process of creating new varieties.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prahu oca Srpske agronomije i utemeljivaču selekcije i semenarstva","authors":"Mladen Mirić","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102059m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102059m","url":null,"abstract":"Đorđe Radić (1839-1922) je poznat kao prvi srpski doktor agronomskih nauka, mada on nije samo u tome čelni agronom Srbije, pa je to uzeto za opštu temu članka, sa posebnim osvrtom na oplemenjivanje i semenarstvo kulturnih biljaka. Radić je bio utemeljivač srpske agronauke, osnivač prvih poljoprivrednih škola, pisac kompleksne knjiške i časopisne literature, u koje je uveo crtež i kolor. Autor je prvih monografija o gajenju najvažnijih kulturnih biljaka i živine, suosnivač i čelnik srpskog Društva za poljsku privredu (DPP), njegov sekretar i urednik glasila, zatim prvi agro-prosvetitelj i agroistoričar, prvi citiran u svetskoj literaturi. Bio je član više od 60 društava, prvi je odnegovao sorte biljaka i meleze ovaca, jedan od prvih genetičara, oplemenjivača i semenara u svetu, a prvi u Srba. Prvi je među agronomima postao član Srpskog učenog društva i počasni član Srpske kraljevske akademije. Kralj Milan ga je 1889. godine odlikovao ordenom Sv. Save. Jednom rečju, Đorđe Radić je bio prvi, jedini i najzaslužniji za više od 50 prvina u srpskoj agronomiji, po čemu je jedinstven. Kada bi postojala vaga koja meri veličinu naučnika, onda bi on svakako ušao u vrh plejade najvećih ili najobrazovanijih, najkorisnijih, najproduktivnijih, najumnijih i najsvestranijih srpskih agronoma svih vremena. Članak obelodanjuje i ogrešenja o dr Radića.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruit characteristics of new pepper variety \"NS Prva\"","authors":"D. Danojević, S. Medić-Pap, S. Glogovac","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101001d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101001d","url":null,"abstract":"Pepper (Capsicum annuum) is one of the major vegetable species in the world, and Serbia as well. The pepper assortment of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops includes varieties of different fruit type such as the bell, conical, kapia, elongated, pepperoni and tomato-shaped peppers. However, in the assortment of the Institute, there is no variety of sweet pepper with conical and hanging fruits. Because of that, we wanted to develop a new pepper variety with this fruit type and offer it to the market. Selected lines from one of the crossbreeding combinations were grown in the open field and the greenhouse area by the pedigree method in the period 2012-2017. Based on the phenotype, the most vital plants that had the desired characteristics of the fruit were selected. During the many years of breeding, a new pepper variety NS Prva was obtained. NS Prva has been registered in the Republic of Serbia in 2019 and from that period it has been on the National variety list. The fruits of this variety are about 150 g, have one peak, grow hanging on the plant, with light yellow colour in technological maturity, and red in full maturity. A new pepper variety NS Prva is recommended for growing in a greenhouse where it gives uniform fruits suitable for the market in all maturity stages. It can also be recommended for growing in the open field where it gives slightly longer fruits. NS Prva showed good storage ability three weeks after harvest since it had the smallest reduction in fruit weight during storage in a cold chamber","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability and interdependence of characteristics of maize hybrids of different vegetation lengths","authors":"M. Krstić, V. Mladenov, Jelena Ovuka, D. Stanisavljevic, B. Mitrović, J. Krstić, S. Gvozdenac","doi":"10.5937/selsem2101007k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2101007k","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is one of the most important field crops with broad genetic and phenotypic variations. It occupies an important place in agricultural production in the world as in Serbia. The main aim of maize breeding is to obtain new inbred lines, i.e. to identify new hybrid combinations that will surpass existing hybrids in terms of grain yield and other important traits. The aim of this study was to examine the phenotypic variability of 10 NS maize hybrids of different genetic bases and maturity groups in agroecological conditions in Rimski Šančevi, to consider the interdependence of grain yield and other tested traits using PCA and correlation analysis. The obtained results indicate a significant variation of all examined properties except for the ear length. The significance of the difference indicated by the F test was confirmed by the Duncan test. Correlation coefficients indicate a significant positive interdependence between the mass of 1000 grains and the ear length (r = 0.698). PCA analysis provided a more complex analysis of the interdependencies of the examined traits and grain yield. The highest yields were achieved by hybrids that simultaneously showed high values of several yield components. Yields ranged from 11,210 kg ha-1 in the G-10 hybrid (FAO 600), to 14,790 kg ha-1 in the G-3 hybrid (FAO 400). In this study, hybrids of earlier maturity achieved higher grain yields, mainly due to drought tolerance. Therefore, the goal is to create drought-tolerant maize hybrids that will successfully endure the negative consequences of global warming.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of genotype and growing seasons on yield and quality of oats on pseudogley soil","authors":"V. Rajičić, D. Terzić, V. Popović, V. Babić, D. Đokić, Nenad Đurić, S. Branković","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102001r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102001r","url":null,"abstract":"Oat is widely grown in Western Serbia and compared to other cereal crops is reputed to be better suited for production under marginal environments, including low fertility soils and cool wet climates. To determine the effect of cultivar and growing seasons on the yield and components of the oats yield two varieties were examined during three years, in the field experiment of the secondary agricultural-chemical school \"Dr Đorđe Radić\" in Kraljevo. Trials were arranged according to a randomized scheme in five replications. The following oat traits were analyzed: grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight and plant height. The experiment was performed on extremely acidic pseudogley soil. The obtained results show a high effect of the years on grain yield and certain parameters of its quality. On average, the highest yield of oats 2 .879 t ha-1 was obtained in the variety Vranac. The results of these studies indicate a significant impact of the growing season on grain yield and quality of oats, grown on poor soils of the pseudogley type, which is often present in Western Serbia. Grain yield shows a tendency to increase in years with a higher total amount and better distribution of precipitation during the critical stages of oat plant development.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of standard germination and vigour tests for seed quality assessment of maize inbred lines","authors":"M. Milivojević, J. Srdić, M. Filipović, T. Petrović, Dragana Brankovic-Radojcic, K. Marković, J. Bocanski","doi":"10.5937/selsem2102035m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/selsem2102035m","url":null,"abstract":"Information regarding the adaptation of maize (Zea mays L .) inbred lines to various field conditions and seed longevity is essential for seed companies. The objective of this work was to evaluate different vigour tests for detecting differences among naturally aged seeds and to assess the relationship between seed quality parameters and pedigree data of maize inbred lines. A seed of 15 maize inbred lines, selected at Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, belonging to different heterotic groups was produced during 2011. Seed quality was assessed in 2015 by standard germination , radical emergence, accelerated ageing, and cold test. Root length of 4-day old seedlings was measured in all applied tests. Analysis of variance showed that genotype and storage conditions had a significant effect on all seed quality parameters. Large variation among inbred lines was detected in seed vigour determined by three tests, in particular by the accelerated ageing test. Cold test results showed very good chilling tolerance of tested genotypes, except two inbred lines with Lancaster background. The correlation between the cold test and the accelerated ageing test was significant, while the radical emergence test had a poor correlation with them. Obtained results indicate that the application of either cold test or accelerated ageing test is reliable for screening seed vigour of maize inbred lines.","PeriodicalId":21622,"journal":{"name":"Selekcija i Semenarstvo","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71051601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}