{"title":"Processing and feature analysis of stressed speech in speech recognition","authors":"Yonglian Wang, N. Botros, I. Shahin","doi":"10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030832","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, stressed speech signals are processed, analysed in three feature domains, and then recognised in Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) in Matlab. The Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) cepstral feature analysis is used to obtain the observation vector and the input vector for HMM. Feature analysis explored the characteristics of stress-induced speech compared with normal talking speech. Speech recognition performance degrades greatly owing to the occurrence of stress. A stress compensation technique is utilised to compensate for stress distortion so as to improve speech recognition performance. Four stress styles (neutral, angry, question and Soft) from SUSAS database are used to test recognition performance of speaker-independent isolated word system. Our results show that speech spoken under angry and question stress contains more stress components generating extremely wide fluctuations with average higher pitch, higher intensity and more energy compared with neutral. The recognition rate has increased up to 10% for stressed speech with stress compensation.","PeriodicalId":216126,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Funct. Informatics Pers. Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125602432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meredith Nahm, A. Walden, Brian J. McCourt, K. Pieper, E. Honeycutt, C. Hamilton, R. Harrington, J. Diefenbach, B. Kisler, Mead Walker, W. E. Hammond
{"title":"Standardising clinical data elements","authors":"Meredith Nahm, A. Walden, Brian J. McCourt, K. Pieper, E. Honeycutt, C. Hamilton, R. Harrington, J. Diefenbach, B. Kisler, Mead Walker, W. E. Hammond","doi":"10.1504/IJFIPM.2010.040213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIPM.2010.040213","url":null,"abstract":"We report the development and implementation of a methodology for standardising clinical data elements. The methodology, piloted using Tuberculosis (TB) and Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) domains, relies on clinicians for natural language definitions and on informaticists for computable specifications. Data elements are represented using the ISO 11179 standard, UML class, and activity diagrams. Over 2000 candidate data elements were compiled for each domain. Initial sets of 21 data elements for ACS and 139 for TB, plus 300 valid values, were standardised and made publicly available. The methodology is now used in HL7 for data element definition in other clinical areas.","PeriodicalId":216126,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Funct. Informatics Pers. Medicine","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114271978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transcription Factor mapping between Bacteria Genomes","authors":"Rachita Sharma, Patricia A. Evans, V. Bhavsar","doi":"10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030837","url":null,"abstract":"Identification of regulatory elements, such as Transcription Factors (TFs), is useful in construction of regulatory networks and to understand gene regulation. These TFs have already been recognised for model organisms based on extensive experiments but have not been as heavily investigated for non-model organisms. This paper proposes to use two versions of Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), BLASTP and PSI-BLAST, to map the TFs from a model to a non-model organism. Experiments are performed on bacterial organisms based on evolutionary distance to compare the results. Analysis of the results suggests that TFs can be mapped from one bacterial organism to another, as TF motifs are well preserved among these organisms. Results are also analysed to determine the best suitable threshold for the e-value parameter of BLAST that can be used to map TFs and the appropriate version of BLAST to use. Both the BLAST e-value threshold and evolutionary distance from the model organism used for mapping have significant impact on the quality of results.","PeriodicalId":216126,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Funct. Informatics Pers. Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128247710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of cooling cornea by Low-Temperature Saline Washing on postoperative pain in Photorefractive Keratectomy","authors":"Zhengjun Fan, Yuan Gao, Zehao Jia, Youping Deng, Dequan Chen","doi":"10.1504/IJFIPM.2010.039122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIPM.2010.039122","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have reported that cooling cornea has effects on alleviating pain post Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK). However, our random prospective self-control study using 52 eyes of 26 myopic patients revealed that there was no significant statistical difference (P > 0.74) in the postoperative pains at both day-1 and day-3 between the experimental eye group (26 myopic eyes, treated with chilled lactated Ringer's saline of 4°C) and the control eye group (26 self control eyes, treated with lactated Ringer's saline of ˜20°C). The result suggests that applying low-temperature balanced saline solution onto corneal surfaces is not an effective analgesia for PRK surgery.","PeriodicalId":216126,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Funct. Informatics Pers. Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125402785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Compressed-sensing Photoacoustic Imaging based on random optical illumination","authors":"D. Liang, Hao F. Zhang, L. Ying","doi":"10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJFIPM.2009.030835","url":null,"abstract":"Limited-view acquisition suffers from artefacts and loss of resolution for reconstruction-based Photoacoustic Imaging (PAI). In this paper, a completely new acquisition and reconstruction scheme is reported to achieve artefact-free imaging from limited-view acquisition. The method employs spatially and temporally varying random optical illumination instead of the uniform illumination used in conventional PAI methods. Compressed Sensing (CS) is also used to reduce the number of random illuminations for fast data acquisition speed. Numerical simulations demonstrated that images can be recovered from acquisitions with as few as two transducer view angles. This novel scheme can potentially eliminate both the mechanical scanning of single-element ultrasonic transducer and the expensive ultrasonic array transducer.","PeriodicalId":216126,"journal":{"name":"Int. J. Funct. Informatics Pers. Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129926354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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