{"title":"iSonar: Software-defined Underwater Acoustic Networking for Amphibious Smartphones","authors":"Francesco Restuccia, Emrecan Demirors, T. Melodia","doi":"10.1145/3148675.3148710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675.3148710","url":null,"abstract":"Recent technological advances have brought to the end-user market smartphones that are able to remain fully-functional even when submerged under water. This capability will soon enable the commercialization of a plethora of exciting smartphone apps, including life-saving systems such as real-time monitoring of scuba divers breathing. On the other hand, it becomes paramount to empower smartphones with end-to-end underwater communication capabilities. In this paper, we propose iSonar, the first system implementing reliable software-defined acoustic networking between water-proof smartphones. Specifically, iSonar transforms off-the-shelf smartphones into ultrasonic software \"radios\" that implement an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based communication system to exchange data under water. To this end, iSonar sends and receives information through the AUX interface and by implementing a lightweight network stack entirely in software. We have implemented a fully-functional hardware/software prototype of iSonar on Android smartphones and off-the-shelf electronic equipment, and extensively evaluated its performance through several experiments in a tank testbed. Results show that iSonar is able to achieve packet error rate (PER) of 10-3, which is significant considering the low audio sampling rate and the strong multipath effect induced by the water tank environment.","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131887334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ECO-Friendly Underwater Acoustic Communications: Channel Availability Prediction for Avoiding Interfering Marine Mammals","authors":"Wei Cheng, Yu Luo, Zheng Peng, Jun-hong Cui","doi":"10.1145/3148675.3148718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675.3148718","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces the idea of ECO-friendly underwater acoustic communications via utilizing prediction techniques. The ultimate goal of the research is to avoid the interference caused by man-made noise to marine mammals. Specifically, we first analyze the necessity and the advantage of prediction in underwater environments. Then, an ECO-friendly communications framework is proposed with an introduction to the applicable prediction techniques. The performance evaluation metrics and the challenges of implementing ECO-friendly communications are elaborated as well.","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121935482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reliable Acoustic Link using Non-coherent Turbo-coded Frequency Shift Keying","authors":"Andrew Dobbin, Jean-François Bousquet","doi":"10.1145/3148675.3157060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675.3157060","url":null,"abstract":"Low-data rate, non-coherent algorithms were tested at 10 km distances to measure reliability and robustness when combined with convolutional turbo encoding techniques. The system was constrained to hardware specifications limiting bandwidth at low frequencies. Simulations were used to verify the performance of varying algorithms in Bellhop modeled channel impulse responses. The algorithms were tested at sea to compare simulation capabilities with real environmental characteristics. The objectives: (1) define a modulation scheme for robust communication in underwater environments, (2) simulate its performance in multipath and Doppler rich environments, and (3) test performance of modulation scheme in actual ocean environment.","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126951427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Object Tracking Using Modified Lossy Extended Kalman Filter","authors":"Mohammadreza Alimadadi, M. Stojanovic, P. Closas","doi":"10.1145/3148675.3152758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675.3152758","url":null,"abstract":"We address the problem of object tracking in an underwater acoustic sensor network in which distributed nodes measure the strength of field generated by moving objects, encode the measurements into digital data packets, and transmit the packets to a fusion center in a random access manner. We allow for imperfect communication links, where information packets may be lost due to noise and collisions. The packets that are received correctly are used to estimate the objects' trajectories by employing an extended Kalman Filter, where provisions are made to accommodate a randomly changing number of obseravtions in each iteration. An adaptive rate control scheme is additionally applied to instruct the sensor nodes on how to adjust their transmission rate so as to improve the location estimation accuracy and the energy efficiency of the system. By focusing explicitly on the objects' locations, rather than working with a pre-specified grid of potential locations, we resolve the spatial quantization issues associated with sparse identification methods. Finally, we extend the method to address the possibility of objects entering and departing the observation area, thus improving the scalability of the system and relaxing the requirement for accurate knowledge of the objects' initial locations. Performance is analyzed in terms of the mean-squared localization error and the trade-offs imposed by the limited communication bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130383974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Porretta, M. Barbeau, Joaquín García, E. Kranakis
{"title":"Learning to Communicate Underwater: An Exploration of Limited Mobility Agents","authors":"S. Porretta, M. Barbeau, Joaquín García, E. Kranakis","doi":"10.1145/3148675.3148709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675.3148709","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater environmental parameters vary with time and can negatively impact the quality of communication. The adaptive control system suggested attempts to improve communication in underwater networks where environmental conditions are stochastic and time-variant. Adaptive depth control is explored in limited mobility underwater acoustic sensor networks. The adaptive control seeks to leverage the acoustic properties along the thermocline sensors anchored to the seabed in order to improve link stability in underwater networks. The sensor is allowed two directions of movement, either surface or dive, in order to avoid physical phenomena that cause faults. The algorithm presented is capable of adapting to the optimal performance depth in unimodal stochastic stationary and non-stationary environments.","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126518108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3148675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3148675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":215853,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116580431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}