Saudi Endodontic Journal最新文献

{"title":"Microstructural analysis of accessory canals in the furcation area of the mandibular first molar using micro-computed tomography","authors":"Megumi Suzuki, N. Kasahara, S. Matsunaga, M. Yamada, Shinichi Abe, M. Furusawa","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_156_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_156_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Accessory canals in the furcation area (ACF) can be seen to provide routes of communication joining the dental pulp and periodontal tissue and be considered a cause of endodontic-periodontal disease. However, many points remain unknown concerning the three-dimensional morphology of ACFs as well as their locations and incidences in different types of teeth. The aim of this study was to examine the three-dimensional structure of ACFs using ultra-high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and their incidence on the basis of the existing classification system. Materials and Methods: Ninety-six Japanese mandibular first molars were grouped according to age, with those extracted from individuals <20 years old at the time of extraction classed as \"junior\" and those from individuals ≥20 years old at the time of extraction as \"senior.\" Regions of interest were designated for vertical and horizontal observations. Collected specimens were scanned in micro-CT, and three-dimensional reconstruction and morphological analyses were carried out. The morphological classification of ACFs of Yoshida et al. was followed. After classification, the prevalence of teeth with ACFs and the total numbers and percentages of ACFs in each type were calculated. Mann–Whitney U-tests were used for the statistical analysis of numbers of ACFs, with values of P < 0.05 regarded as significant. Results: Ninety-five molars showed at least one accessory canal. Accessory canals were present in 98.0% of junior and 100% of senior individuals. Types 3 and 6 were the most commonly found in the furcation area. Junior showed significantly more accessory canals per tooth than senior (P < 0.05). Conclusions: ACFs were present in the vast majority of specimens of both junior and senior teeth. This result suggested that clinically, affecting endodontic-periodontal disease as well as the presence of ACFs may impact reinfection after infected root canal treatment.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"135 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87604742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdisciplinary approach for diagnosis and management of the tooth with type III palatogingival groove","authors":"H. Baranwal, J. Yadav","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_56_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"Palatogingival grooves (PGGs) are developmental anomalies well known for causing endodontic and periodontal diseases to the teeth that have no evidence of caries or trauma. It is a rare developmental defect that frequently exhibits the palatal aspect of maxillary anterior teeth. The aim of this case report is to diagnose PGG using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and manage it with an interdisciplinary approach by endodontic and periodontic intervention. A 20-year-old healthy female patient came with a chief complaint of foul smell and discharge of pus from the gum region. During clinical examination, a sinus opening and deep periodontal pocket were noticed with respect to the maxillary left lateral incisor. The tooth showed mild tenderness to percussion and a negative response to thermal and electric pulp testing. The intraoral periapical radiograph showed a vertical radiolucent line with periapical radiolucency, giving suspicion of PGG, which was confirmed by CBCT investigation. The diagnosis of pulp necrosis with chronic periapical abscess was made. After root canal treatment, surgical intervention was done and sealed the groove with Biodentine. This case report shows the successful outcome of a tooth associated with PGG after a 9-month follow-up. The tooth associated with this anomaly can be correctly diagnosed and planned with CBCT, and successfully treated using an interdisciplinary approach with a bioactive restorative material.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"210 1","pages":"211 - 215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74898858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of pH and dimensional stability of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine with and without triple antibiotic medicament: An in vitro study","authors":"Rahul S Halkai, S. Ishaq, Kiran R Halkai, S. Zakaullah, P. Diwanji, S. Mahveen, Fahda N. Algahtani, Rahaf A. Almohareb","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_183_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_183_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Calcium silicate-based cements has been shown to have improved antibacterial properties when incorporated into the triple antibiotic paste (TAP). However, the new material combination must withstand the tissue environment and be dimensionally stable when employed for endodontic applications. Therefore, this study aims to determine the pH and dimensional stability of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine incorporated with TAP. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 cylindrical discs of 6 mm × 3 mm dimensions (n = 20) were prepared with MTA, MTA + TAP (1:1), Biodentine, and Biodentine + TAP (1:1) in Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Each group's specimens had half of their samples tested for dimensional stability (n = 10) and pH (n = 10). Samples were submerged for 1 min in containers containing 10 ml of distilled water and the initial pH was recorded and after the 7th day using a digital pH meter. To evaluate the dimensional stability, the samples were wrapped in wet gauze and kept at 37°C in the incubator for 24 h. Then, their initial lengths were measured, and were stored in distilled water at 37°C for a month before being measured once more with digital calipers. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey, and a paired Student \"t\" test (P ≤ 0.05). Results: MTA and Biodentine without TAP demonstrated a higher pH than with TAP; nonetheless, at both time points, all groups had an alkaline pH. With the exception of MTA + TAP, all the groups were dimensionally stable at both time intervals, but no significant difference was identified between the groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Both MTA and Biodentine combined with TAP exhibited alkaline pH throughout the study period; however, Biodentine combined with TAP was dimensionally more stable compared to MTA with TAP.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"183 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86810834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and performance of Iranian endodontists regarding patients with cardiovascular disorders: A cross sectional study","authors":"Negar Ahmadi, Maryam Kuzekanani, Laurence Walsh, M. Mirzaee","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_175_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_175_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To achieve successful root canal treatments on cardiovascular patients, endodontists must have enough knowledge of these diseases and related considerations. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and performance of Iranian endodontists regarding patients with cardiovascular disorders. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 101 specialist endodontists (41 men and 60 women) from different geographical parts of Iran. A 29-item questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and performance in terms of managing patients with cardiovascular disorders in specialist endodontic practice. Responses were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test with IBM SPSS version 22 software. Results: Knowledge was rated as favorable for 67.3% of respondents and as acceptable for the remaining 32.7%, while attitudes were rated as favorable for 40.6% and acceptable for 57.4%. Performance was graded as favorable for 75.2% and acceptable for the remaining 24.8. Conclusion: Overall the majority of Iranian Endodontists had a good level of knowledge regarding the management of patients with cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, because of the high importance of this medical intervention and the high number of patients dealing with cardiovascular disorders, the majority of the responders were still interested in promoting their knowledge on this topic through participating in continual educational programs.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"177 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89944649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Root canal filling material in periapical lesions: A polarized and fluorescent light microscopy case series","authors":"Cristiane Cantiga da Silva, L. Cintra, N. Machado, Luis de Lima, Tatiane Freitas de Almeida, Ana Vieira, Antonio Jorge Araújo de Vasconcelos Ii, Lidiane Ribeiro, L. Cabral, T. Pinheiro","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_188_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_188_22","url":null,"abstract":"Overfilling of the root canal can cause foreign body reactions and lead to pathophysiological responses. The aim of the study was to investigate the morphological properties of filling materials associated with periapical lesions through light, polarized, and fluorescent light microscopy analysis. This study reports two cases of root canal overfilling associated with unsuccessful endodontic procedures. In case #1, a 36-year-old woman complained of persistent pain in the region of tooth maxillary right first premolar, after extraction. Clinically, the patient was sensitive to any contact in the region. On radiography, a radiopaque area of 4 mm was observed in the apical region. In case #2, a 35-year-old man reported discomfort when pressing the left nostril, with a history of extraction of tooth maxillary left lateral incisor. Clinically, painless and immobile edema was observed in the overlying region. Radiographically, a radiolucent image with defined edges and a radiopaque dot within the radiolucent was visualized. In histopathology, case #1 was conclusive with foreign body granuloma, while case #2 with residual cyst. In both cases, an excisional biopsy of the lesion was performed, with complete resolution of the cases after the follow-up period. Recognizing the morphological and optical properties of endodontic lesions mixed with endodontic restorative materials is essential for an accurate and reliable histopathological report.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"197 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82952840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the effect of diode laser activation on push-out bond strength of different intraorifice barriers in endodontically treated teeth. An in-vitro study","authors":"Rahul S Halkai, Raeesunisa Begum, Kiran R Halkai, S. Zakaullah, S. Indi, Aadil Thimwala, Rahaf A. Almohareb, Fahda N. Algahtani","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_211_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_211_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The placement of intraorifice barriers should facilitate proper adhesion; however, it is still a challenge with existing intraorifice barrier materials. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the push-out bond strength of Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC), Tetric-N-Flow, and Biodentine as intraorifice barriers with and without diode laser activation. Materials and Methods: Human-extracted single-rooted 60 mandibular premolars were decoronated to standardize 13 mm root length. Root canal was instrumented with rotary ProTaper universal system till F4 and alternatively irrigated with 5 ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and normal saline, followed by obturation using gutta-percha and AH-plus sealer. About 3.5 mm of gutta-percha was removed from the orifice using peso reamer. Horizontal tooth sections of 3.5 mm in length were obtained from the coronal third of each sample and were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20 each) for intraorifice barrier materials. Group 1: GIC; group 2: Tetric-N-Flow and group 3:Biodentine. Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups A and B (n = 10 each) with and without diode laser. After 7 days, the specimens were mounted in acrylic molds and push-out bond strength was evaluated under universal testing machine. Data analysis was done using One way-analysis of variance and post hoc Tuckey comparison tests (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Laser activation in each group showed greater push-out bond strength; however, Biodentine with laser (group 3A) exhibited higher bond strength compared to all groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Biodentine with laser activation before placement of the coronal barrier of endodontic treated tooth increases the quality of bond strength.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"155 - 159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77823616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of rotary instrumentational speeds on foraminal deformation: An in vitro study","authors":"B. Arıcan, B. Uysal","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_213_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_213_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The effect of the rotational speed on the performance of endodontic therapies has been unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the foraminal deformation (FD) caused by two rotary instrument systems with different rotational speeds at three different working length determinations using Scanning electron microscopy is better (SEM). Materials and Methods: Sixty mesiobuccal root canals of maxillary molars were randomly divided into two groups (n = 30 each) and instrumented using either RaCe®Evo (at 1000 rpm and 1 Ncm torque) or TruNatomy (at 500 rpm and 1.5 Ncm torque) 1 mm behind the major foramen (MF) (n = 10), at the MF (n = 10), and 1 mm beyond the MF (n = 10). The roots were scanned under SEM at × 300 magnification and 15.00 kV before and after instrumentation procedures. The pre- and postoperative SEM images were analyzed using the ImageJ software program. The FD was represented with the circularity and Feret's diameter ratio of the apical foramen. Results: No significant difference was observed in the before and after values of the circularity and Feret's diameter parameters within and between the rotary instrument groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Increasing of the rotational speed had no negative effect on the FD.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"89 1","pages":"189 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80278927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure case analysis during each stage of endodontic microsurgery: A retrospective study based on clinical databases","authors":"Changwoo Ryu, Sooil Shin, Yong-Bum Cho, Euiseong Kim, Minju Song","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_164_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_164_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the most important stage of endodontic surgery by examining failed cases and analyzing the cause of failure during each stage of the procedure. Materials and Methods: We searched the clinical database of the Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dankook University, for patients with a history of endodontic microsurgery (EMS) performed between March 2017 and February 2021. Among the 428 patients who underwent EMS, those with a history of endodontic surgery were included. All surgical procedures were performed using a microscope, and the previously resected root surface or the root surface to be resected was inspected during surgery. The patients were followed up at 6 and 12 months and every year thereafter. Results: A total of 68 cases were included for analysis. The most common cause of failure was incomplete root-end filling (24 cases, 35.3%), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used in 17 cases. This was followed by no root-end management after root-end resection (33.8%), incorrect root-end preparation (19.1%), inspection error (7.4%), cracks (2.9%), and incomplete root-end resection (1.5%). After resurgery, 41 were followed up for more than 1 year (recall rate, 60.3%), and the success rate was 85.4% (35 out of 41 cases). Conclusions: Root-end filling was shown to be the most important stage in determining the outcome, even when using the biocompatible material, MTA.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"160 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76891237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of debris extrusion on using step-wise irrigant activation versus conventional activation in different access designs: An ex-vivo study","authors":"K. Teja, V. Taduri, T. Harsha, V. Bindu","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_159_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_159_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A successful endodontic therapy mainly depends on the effective chemomechanical debridement. The present study assessed the effect of different activation modes on debris extrusion in different access cavity designs. Materials and Methods: Freshly extracted 168 maxillary premolars were collected. They were allocated into two groups (n = 84) (Group I: Traditional Endodontic Access (TEA) and Group II: Contracted Endodontic Access (CEA)). These groups were further subgrouped (n = 28) based on the activation protocol used (Subgroup A, D: Manual irrigation with no activation, Subgroup B, E: Conventional activation (CA), and Subgroup C, F: Step-wise irrigant activation). Each tooth specimen was inserted into Eppendorf for debris collection. The canals were instrumented using HyFlex CM rotary files to 0.04 taper. The irrigation was specific to the experimental subgroups, which was done by a single operator. Following the experimental irrigation, the collected debris was weighted using an analytical balance. The collected data were statistically analyzed. Results: Statistical significant debris extrusion was seen with TEA (P < 0.05). Among the subgroups, step-wise irrigant activation technique showed significant (P < 0.05) debris extrusion. Conclusion: CEA showed less debris extrusion when the CA technique was used for irrigation.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"142 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77314912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-visit regenerative endodontic procedure of necrotic immature lower permanent molar with acute apical abscess","authors":"Nujud S Alsharqawi, Obadah N Austah","doi":"10.4103/sej.sej_181_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sej.sej_181_22","url":null,"abstract":"Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) of immature teeth with necrotic pulp and apical pathosis focus on passive chemomechanical debridement and usually require multiple visits to enhance the antibacterial effect by placing intracanal medications. However, different case reports showed a favorable clinical and radiographic outcome in single-visit REPs of necrotic immature teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis or chronic apical abscess. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published reports of single-visit REPs on cases with acute apical abscess. Therefore, this case report aimed to present a successful REP performed in a single visit for immature lower molar with necrotic pulp and acute apical abscess. A 9-year-old female patient referred for the management of the lower right molar (#46), with the chief complaint of localized moderate pain with cold drinks in the lower right molar for 1 week. The extraoral clinical examination revealed no significant findings. Intraorally, tooth #46 revealed a deep occlusal caries, with normal response to palpation, mild pain on percussion, and moderate pain to the cold test. The radiographic examination showed deep occlusal caries approaching the pulp, and periapical radiolucency related to the distal root. It was diagnosed as symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. After accessing the pulp chamber, the radicular pulp on the mesial root was vital, while necrotic in the distal root. Therefore, vital pulp therapy was done for the mesial root, and REPs initiated for the distal root with intracanal medicament placement. However, the patient failed to show up in the scheduled visit to complete the treatment. The father refused to bring her as she was asymptomatic, and he was afraid of the COVID-19 pandemic situation. One month later, she presented to the clinic with pain and facial swelling in the lower right area of her face. Clinical examination revealed extra- and intraoral swelling related to tooth #46 (i.e., acute apical abscess) with severe pain on palpation and percussion. The patient's parents insist to finish the treatment or extract the tooth on the same visit. Hence, a single-visit REP was done. After 20 months, clinical and radiographic examinations showed that the tooth became asymptomatic, responded to sensibility tests, and the periapical pathosis healed. It was concluded that regenerative endodontic treatment can be done in single visit in cases with acute apical abscess. It should be considered in cases of poor complaint, difficulty in accessing dental care, or pandemic curfew.","PeriodicalId":21485,"journal":{"name":"Saudi Endodontic Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"204 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83086189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}