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[Cystic fibrosis]. 囊性纤维化。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
M Tamm
{"title":"[Cystic fibrosis].","authors":"M Tamm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Inhaled colistin in cystic fibrosis]. [囊性纤维化吸入粘菌素]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
M Tamm, C Eich, R Frei, S Gilgen, A Breitenbücher, C Mordasini
{"title":"[Inhaled colistin in cystic fibrosis].","authors":"M Tamm,&nbsp;C Eich,&nbsp;R Frei,&nbsp;S Gilgen,&nbsp;A Breitenbücher,&nbsp;C Mordasini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>The clinical course of cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterised by chronic bronchial infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Therapy with inhaled aminoglycosides was introduced to decrease the rate of infectious exacerbations and to delay pulmonary progression. However, development of resistance to aminoglycosides is frequent. Few investigations are available into the resistance profile under treatment with colistin. Antibiotic resistance to colistin was analysed in 44 adult CF patients treated with inhaled colistin. Resistance to aminoglycosides was observed in 86% of cases (38/44) before therapy and decreased to 43% (19/44) under treatment with colistin. Five patients (11%) developed polymyxin resistance. After cessation of therapy pseudomonas became sensitive to polymyxin within a few months and enabled colistin to be reintroduced. In addition, we performed a pilot study analysing the effect of inhaled colistin on the growth of pseudomonas. The number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 16.7 million (CFU) bacteria per ml sputum to 2.9 million under therapy with colistin. There was a more than tenfold increase in bacterial counts after inhaled colistin was stopped. Genotyping revealed no change in the type of pseudomonas strains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Development of resistance to polymyxin is not rare under long-term treatment with inhaled colistin and requires temporary interruption of therapy. Sputum cultures should therefore be tested regularly for polymyxin resistance in patients treated with inhaled colistin.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1366-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Indications for lung transplantation in advanced cystic fibrosis]. [晚期囊性纤维化肺移植的适应症]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
R Speich, A Boehler, A Spiliopoulos, W Weder, L P Nicod
{"title":"[Indications for lung transplantation in advanced cystic fibrosis].","authors":"R Speich,&nbsp;A Boehler,&nbsp;A Spiliopoulos,&nbsp;W Weder,&nbsp;L P Nicod","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung transplantation has become a valid therapeutic option for cystic fibrosis patients with end-stage lung disease. The indication for transplantation does not rely on strict criteria only but must be evaluated case by case. In particular, the dynamics of the clinical course need to be considered with regard to impaired physical performance, recurrent infections, decline in pulmonary function and weight loss. Important risk factors are a poor nutritional status, osteoporosis, liver involvement, previous pleurodesis and the occurrence of multiresistant bacteria. Management and assessment of cystic fibrosis patients for lung transplantation is complex. Therefore patients should be referred to specialised centres at an early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1352-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Early detection of exacerbation of lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis by means of daily spirometry]. [每日肺活量测定法早期发现囊性纤维化患者肺部感染加重]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
G Izbicki, D Trachsel, M Rutishauser, A P Perruchoud, M Tamm
{"title":"[Early detection of exacerbation of lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis by means of daily spirometry].","authors":"G Izbicki,&nbsp;D Trachsel,&nbsp;M Rutishauser,&nbsp;A P Perruchoud,&nbsp;M Tamm","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>The clinical course of cystic fibrosis is characterised by pulmonary involvement with mucus retention, chronic pulmonary infection and parenchymal inflammation. Recurrent infectious exacerbations are usually accompanied by a fall in lung volumes. This pilot study investigated whether exacerbations can be detected early by daily spirometry. Ten patients with cystic fibrosis (5 female; 5 male; mean age 24.9 years) performed daily spirometry using a portable transtelephonic spirometer (Spirophone). Infectious exacerbations were diagnosed on clinical grounds and treated without knowledge of the spirometry results. Data of 9 patients recorded over a period of 5-11 months were analysed. One patient was excluded due to non-compliance. A total of 20 infectious exacerbations occurred during the observation period. A fall of at least 20% in one or more of the following parameters was observed in 90% (18/20) of exacerbations: FVC, FEV1, PEF, and FEF25/75. A daily drop in lung volumes of 0.7% to 1.2% was recorded beginning at a median of 33 (20 to 120) days before infectious exacerbations were diagnosed. There was a 2-3% daily improvement in spirometric data under treatment with antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Daily spirometry allows early recognition of pulmonary infectious exacerbations in patients with cystic fibrosis. Daily spirometry may be used as an indicator for early antibiotic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1361-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Swiss registry for patients with cystic fibrosis: design, programming, implementation and first examples of use]. [囊性纤维化患者的瑞士登记:设计、编程、实施和第一个使用实例]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
F Schöni-Affolter, P Oswald, C Wandt-Baumann, S Kriemler, M H Schöni
{"title":"[Swiss registry for patients with cystic fibrosis: design, programming, implementation and first examples of use].","authors":"F Schöni-Affolter,&nbsp;P Oswald,&nbsp;C Wandt-Baumann,&nbsp;S Kriemler,&nbsp;M H Schöni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Swiss Registry for Cystic Fibrosis (SRCF) was designed to collect demographic, clinical and therapeutic data from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Switzerland. It was designed, programmed and implemented for standalone application in Swiss cystic fibrosis centres. It is part of the European Registry for Cystic Fibrosis (ERCF), which has been implemented in Europe to collect data on the use and safety of dornase alpha (Pulmozyme) in the treatment of cystic fibrosis. At the time of first evaluation 245 cystic fibrosis patients are registered, their mean age is 13 years, and 17% are over 18. In larger databases in Germany or North America we observe comparable demographic data, similar degrees of severity and similar therapeutic approaches to those in Swiss cystic fibrosis patients. The aim of the Swiss Registry is to cover the maximum possible number of cystic fibrosis patients from this country.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1373-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[When cats scratch]. (当猫抓的时候)。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-30
K Schad, O P Kreyden, R M Trüeb
{"title":"[When cats scratch].","authors":"K Schad,&nbsp;O P Kreyden,&nbsp;R M Trüeb","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 39","pages":"1382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21887385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Trisomy 21 and its prenatal detection in the Canton of Vaud (1980-1996)]. [21三体及其在沃州的产前检测(1980-1996)]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-23
G Pescia, M C Addor
{"title":"[Trisomy 21 and its prenatal detection in the Canton of Vaud (1980-1996)].","authors":"G Pescia,&nbsp;M C Addor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genetic and epidemiological study of trisomy 21 (T21) in the Canton of Vaud, the area covered by our local registry of congenital anomalies which has participated in EUROCAT Switzerland since 1988. During the period 1980-1996, we found 240 new T21 cases, all cytogenetically proven, out of 115,064 consecutive live births. Our purpose was to study trends and impact of biochemical screening and prenatal diagnosis of T21. We considered two different periods: 1980-1989 (before biochemical screening) and 1990-1996 (with screening) during which the mean maternal ages were respectively 28.4 years (10.6% > or = 35) and 29.2 years (12.9% > or = 35). The total prevalence of T21 was 2.08 per 1000; 5.4% of the cases were stillbirths, 49.6% were induced abortions and 45% livebirths. Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis of trisomy 21 was performed in 52.1% of cases. Among women aged 35 or over the prenatal detection rates are superposable in the two periods. However, for younger women this rate has been much higher since the introduction of biochemical screening, i.e. 9.8% before and 51.8% after the introduction of triple test. In conclusion, the increase in prenatal diagnosis tests performed because of abnormal maternal serum marker levels has increased the global prenatal detection rate from 36.6% to 63.3% in our population, and the prevalence of Down syndrome has thus slightly decreased among livebirths.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 38","pages":"1332-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21891497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Registration of congenital anomalies in Switzerland by EUROCAT. 由EUROCAT在瑞士注册先天性异常。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-23
M C Addor, G Pescia, D F Schorderet
{"title":"Registration of congenital anomalies in Switzerland by EUROCAT.","authors":"M C Addor,&nbsp;G Pescia,&nbsp;D F Schorderet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1988 the epidemiological surveillance of congenital anomalies (malformations, chromosomal aberrations, metabolic diseases, hereditary diseases, neurosensorial defects, etc.) is carried out by the Swiss registry of EUROCAT (European Registry of Congenital Anomalies and Twins). Several Swiss cantons collaborate through their own local registry, transmitting data to the central registry in Lausanne. We present the main objectives and methods of registration and give the global prevalence rates for the main malformations for 1996 and the period 1993-1996.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 38","pages":"1319-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21891654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Data on selected prenatal malformations in the EUROCAT study. Results of Zurich Canton from 1988 to 1997]. [EUROCAT研究中选定的产前畸形数据]苏黎世州1988 - 1997年的结果]。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-23
S Achermann, M C Addor, A Schinzel
{"title":"[Data on selected prenatal malformations in the EUROCAT study. Results of Zurich Canton from 1988 to 1997].","authors":"S Achermann,&nbsp;M C Addor,&nbsp;A Schinzel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of the EUROCAT study, data on selected congenital malformations and chromosome aberrations were collected from the Canton of Zurich (1988-1997). It was found that the major proportion of severe and early malformations, such as anencephalus and holoprosencephaly, were detected prenatally; for oral clefts and meningomyeloceles this was not the case, at any rate in regard to isolated (non-syndromic) malformations. However, if these defects occur in combination with a chromosome aberration, the likelihood of such a case being registered is higher. For the same reason, i.e. due to abnormal ultrasound findings and intrauterine growth retardation, trisomies 13 and 18 were more often detected prenatally than trisomy 21.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 38","pages":"1326-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21891496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Turner syndrome]. (特纳综合症)。
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift Pub Date : 2000-09-23
C Monney, G Pescia, M C Addor
{"title":"[Turner syndrome].","authors":"C Monney,&nbsp;G Pescia,&nbsp;M C Addor","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article is based on the study of 52 cases of Turner's syndrome, born between 1980 and 1996 and recorded in the Registry of Congenital Anomalies in the Canton of Vaud. In most cases the cytogenetic analysis was based on maternal multiple-marker screening, sonography findings or maternal age. The most common chromosome abnormality is complete monosomy X. The rare cases of mosaic and the one case of isochromosome mainly involve livebirths. Morphological analysis of foetuses revealed hygroma colli (84%) and hydrops (63%), frequently associated with major cardiac malformations. The livebirths present growth retardation, pterygium colli and facial dysmorphic features, but rarely complex malformations. In the light of our data, the probability of survival to birth is 0.8% and the prevalence in all clinical pregnancies is 1.1%.</p>","PeriodicalId":21484,"journal":{"name":"Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift","volume":"130 38","pages":"1339-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21891498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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