Russian Journal of Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Mitochondrial Genome “Evolution” of Arctic Warbler (Phylloscopus borealis sensu lato) Occurs in Its Nuclear Genome","authors":"L. N. Spiridonova, O. P. Valchuk, Ya. A. Red’kin","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700339","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Sequencing of a partial fragment of the mitochondrial <i>ND5–cytb</i> genes (1553 bp) and its nuclear copies in <i>Phylloscopus borealis</i> sensu lato (s.l.) individuals, belonging to different taxonomic groups from different parts of the range was carried out. The identity of the majority of taxon-specific and unique mitochondrial substitutions in <i>examinandus</i> and <i>xanthodryas</i> forms to those in nuclear copies of <i>borealis</i> mtDNA was demonstrated. Differences between the <i>examinandus</i> mitochondrial haplotypes and nuclear copies of <i>borealis</i> mtDNA were low (<i>P</i> = 0.02), and the genetic divergence in <i>borealis–examinandus</i>, <i>borealis–xanthodryas</i>, and <i>examinandus–xanthodryas</i> mtDNA itself considerably exceeded these values (<i>P</i> = 0.035, 0.044, and 0.046, respectively). For the first time, nuclear copy of the mitochondrial haplotype of the easternmost <i>xanthodryas</i> form was found in nuclear genome of one <i>borealis</i> individual from the western part of the breeding range (Komi Republic), and nuclear copies of <i>xanthodryas</i> mtDNA from Toyama Prefecture (Japan) were found to be close to the <i>borealis</i> mitochondrial haplotypes from Kytlym (Sverdlovsk oblast) (<i>P</i> = 0.018). Thus, the source of most substitutions in the mitochondrial DNA of the studied forms are mutations that arose in nuclear copies of mitochondrial genes. The origin of <i>examinandus</i> and <i>xanthodryas</i> mitochondrial haplotypes from nuclear copies of <i>borealis</i> mtDNA and close similarity of their nuclear genomes give reason to consider mitogenomes of these forms as haplotype variants of a single species, <i>Ph</i>. <i>borealis</i> s. l. With high degree of probability, it can be argued that the haplotype divergence time of the analyzed forms is considerably lower than 2.5–3 million years, as previously hypothesized by a number of authors, and the “molecular clock,” which does not take into account recombination events between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, cannot be used in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Expression Levels of Transcription Factor Genes in Native Sheep Breeds of Türkiye","authors":"K. Arslan, F. Daldaban, D. Bayram, M. H. Sohel, B. Akyüz, M. U. Çinar","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700364","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study was aimed to investigate the expression levels of transcription factor (TF) genes (<i>MYF6, MYOD1, MYF5, MYOG</i>) and proteins associated with muscle growth in the <i>longissimus dorsi</i> (LD) and <i>gluteal</i> (GL) muscles in sheep. For this aim, two fat-tailed sheep breeds (Akkaraman (<i>n</i> = 10), Awassi (<i>n</i> = 10)) and two thin-tailed sheep breeds (Kivircik (<i>n</i> = 10) and Karayaka (<i>n</i> = 10)) from Türkiye’s native sheep breeds were examined. The expression level was analyzed for MYF6, MYOD1, MYF5, and MYOG genes and proteins that RNAs and proteins were isolated from fresh tissues. As a result of the statistical analysis, in the LD tissue, respectively, <i>MYOG</i> and <i>MYF5</i> genes in the Karayaka sheep breed; <i>MYOD1</i> gene in Akkaraman sheep breed; <i>MYF5</i> gene in Awassi sheep breed were found to be significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In GL tissue, respectively, <i>MYOG</i> and <i>MYF6</i> genes in Akkaraman sheep breed; <i>MYOD1</i> gene in Karayaka sheep breed; <i>MYF6</i> gene in Akkaraman and Awassi sheep breed were significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The <i>MYOG</i> (fold change 6.87) and <i>MYOD1</i> (fold change 15.41) genes were upregulated in the GL muscle of the fat-tailed Akkaraman sheep breed. In addition, in the thin-tailed Karayaka sheep breed, down-regulation of <i>MYOD1</i> (fold change –0.22) gene in LD muscle and up-regulation of <i>MYOD1</i> (fold change 6.67) gene in GL muscle was found. As a result, it can be considered that <i>MYOG</i> and <i>MYOD1</i> genes as potential candidate genes in molecular selection studies for Akkaraman sheep breed in terms of muscle development.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequencing and Annotation of the Chloroplast Genome of Triticum timonovum Heslot et Ferrary","authors":"A. R. Kuluev, R. T. Matniyazov, B. R. Kuluev, L. Yu. Privalov, A. V. Chemeris","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700455","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>The chloroplast genome of the synthetic octaploid <i>Triticum timonovum</i> Heslot et Ferrary k-43065 (France) was sequenced for the first time. Plastome sequencing was carried out on a Genolab M sequencer (GeneMind, China). The genome assembly was carried out using the NOVOwrap program. The size of the chloroplast genome of <i>T. timonovum</i> was 136 158 bp. The length of the inverted repeat region was 21 552 bp, that of the SSC region was 12 795 bp, and the LSC length was 80 257 bp. The chloroplast genomes of <i>T. timonovum</i> and different <i>T. timopheevii</i> accessions from the GenBank database were compared. As for the chloroplast genome, <i>T. timonovum</i> was closer to <i>T. timopheevii</i> (AB976560.1) but differed from it by the presence of one insert A at position 47891.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression Profiles of Genes Involved in Lignan Synthesis in Developing Flax Seeds","authors":"E. N. Pushkova, E. M. Dvorianinova, L. V. Povkhova, T. A. Rozhmina, R. O. Novakovskiy, E. A. Sigova, A. A. Dmitriev, N. V. Melnikova","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700443","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Flax seeds are the richest plant source of lignans, which prevent the development of many diseases. In the seeds of cultivated species <i>Linum usitatissimum</i>, the lignan secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) predominates. In the present study, transcriptome sequencing of flax seeds was performed at five developmental stages for eight varieties differing in lignan content and grown under three variants of conditions, and expression of the <i>PLR1</i> and <i>UGT74S1</i> genes, which play a key role in the SDG synthesis, was assessed. Co-expression of the <i>PLR1</i> and <i>UGT74S1</i> genes, as well as tenfold and hundredfold changes in the expression level of these genes during seed development were revealed, which testified to their role in the synthesis of SDG in flax seeds. Reduced temperature (16°C) and excessive watering led to a shift in the maximum expression level of both genes to a later date (14th day after flowering), compared to the conditions of insufficient watering and elevated temperature (24°C), as well as optimum conditions (20°C) (7th day after flowering). Moreover, at elevated temperatures and insufficient watering, the <i>PLR1</i> and <i>UGT74S1</i> expression levels were lower than under optimum conditions. No association between the lignan content in seeds of the studied flax varieties and the <i>PLR1</i> and <i>UGT74S1</i> expression levels was found. These findings provide insight into the contribution of genotype and environment to the expression of key genes for SDG synthesis, which, among other things, is necessary for the development of optimum approaches for obtaining the lignan-rich flax seeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Macrocystis sp. Isolate 501","authors":"Y. Pan, Y. Y. He, Y. Y. Zhang, C. F. Qu, J. L. Miao","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700467","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p><i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501 is a brown algae in the family Laminariaceae. Here, we sequenced, assembled, and annotated the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of <i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501. The cp genome of <i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501 is 130 103 bp in length with a GC content of 30.86%. The assembled genome has a typical cyclic structure, containing a large single-copy (LSC) region of 76 397 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 42 856 bp, and a pairof inverted repeatregions(IRs) of 10 850 bp. The cp genome contains 140 unique genes, including 105 protein-codinggenes, six rRNA genes, and 29 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501 was closely related to Phaeophyceae. The chloroplast sequence of this species was aligned on NCBI, and the highest coverage was <i>Macrocystis pyrifera</i> (99.18%). <i>Macrocystis pyrifera,</i> also known as the giant brown algae, was first described by the French naturalist Nicolas Duclos in 1750. However, the first detailed description and name of the species was given by the French naturalist Adolphe-Francois Le Jolis in 1863, an article entitled “Étude des Algues littorales de la Manche.” We named the algae we get “<i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501,” which is the first time that this species has been mentioned. Herein we present the first report on <i>Macrocystis</i> sp. isolate 501 with published genomic information.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of the Little Ground Squirrel Spermophilus pygmaeus Pallas, 1779 (Sciuridae, Rodentia) in the Northern Caucasus","authors":"F. A. Tembotova, M. S. Gudova, A. Kh. Amshokova, A. Kh. Khalidov","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700340","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">\u0000<b>Abstract</b>—</h3><p>Based on the analysis of a fragment of the cytochrome b (<i>cytb</i>) gene of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the genetic diversity of the little ground squirrel <i>Spermophilus pygmaeus</i> Pallas, 1779 of the Central and Eastern Caucasus was studied. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two clusters A and B within the western clade of <i>S. pygmaeus</i> 2. Cluster A is formed by haplotypes of ground squirrels from the Eastern Caucasus and the right bank of the Volga River, while B, only haplotypes of Central Caucasian animals. The distance between clusters A and B reaches 1.3%. The relatively isolated position on the phylogenetic tree of the ground squirrel population of the Central Caucasus, the absence of identical haplotypes in Central and Eastern Caucasian animals, and the distances obtained indicate genetic heterogeneity of the ground squirrel in the North Caucasus. The results of molecular dating showed that the evolutionary age of <i>S. pygmaeus</i> mtDNA haplotypes from the studied areas of the Eastern Caucasus was approximately 260 000 years, and that of the Central Caucasus, 163 000 years. A decrease in haplotypic and nucleotide variability was noted in the Central Caucasian populations of the little squirrel as compared to those from the Eastern Caucasus, which in general indicates the low viability of <i>S. pygmaeus</i> inhabiting the mountains of the Central Caucasus.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylation Levels in the 5' Region of the TBX20 Gene in the Ascending Aorta Change in Opposite Direction in Atherosclerosis and Aneurysm","authors":"Iu. A. Koroleva, I. A. Goncharova, A. A. Zarubin, S. A. Shipulina, A. A. Sleptsov, D. S. Panfilov, B. N. Kozlov, M. S. Nazarenko","doi":"10.1134/s102279542470042x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s102279542470042x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>We found hypomethylation of five CpG sites in the 5' region of <i>TBX20</i> gene (7p14.2) in the tissues of atherosclerotic aortic plaque compared to dilated part of aorta in patients with ascending aortic aneurysm. Using GEO database, we found that the DNA methylation level in the chr7:35253926-35262250 region changes in opposite direction in aortic dissection and aortic atherosclerosis. The results suggest an alteration in epigenetic regulation both in aortic atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastome Analysis of Medicinal Plant Tinospora cordifolia for Species Identification and Authentication","authors":"J. K. Monpara, K. S. Chudasama, M. L. Vekaria, V. J. Patel, V. S. Thaker","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700315","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p><i>Tinospora cordifolia</i> is an important medicinal plant in ayurvedic system and modern medicine in India and traditionally applied for the treatment of inflammation, allergies and various other ailments. There is no genomic information available for <i>T. cordifolia</i>. In the present study, first time reported complete cp genome of <i>T. cordifolia</i> using high throughput ion torrent genome machine with ion torrent server. The cp genome of <i>T. cordifolia</i> was 150 945 bp in length with GC content of 38.7%, displays a quadripartite structure with two IR regions (IRa: 22 375 bp and IRb: 22 380 bp) that are separated by the LSC region (84 899 bp) and the SSC region (21 291 bp). There are 123 gene, including 85 protein-coding genes, 29 tRNA genes, seven rRNA genes and two pseudogenes (<i>ycf1</i>, <i>rps16</i>). Phylogenetic analysis based on whole cp genome revealed that <i>T. cordifolia</i> is as positioned near to the <i>Menispermum dauricum</i> within the Menispermaceae family<i>.</i> Total 27 SSRs were detected inthe plastomes which include di-, tri-, tetra- penta- and hexanucleotieds repeats. Further, compared with cp genome of other species of Menispermaceae it showed ten unique SSRs. Total twenty-five hypervariable regions loci were found in genome. These data could serve as DNA barcodes for species identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characteristics and Expression Regulation of CABYR in the Testis of Pig","authors":"X. Zhang, Zh. Liu, H. Li, J. Xu, H. Dai, H. Huo, F. Yang, S. Tian, P. Wang, J. Huo","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700352","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>CABYR is a protein that regulates calcium-binding tyrosine phosphorylation located in sperm flagella, which increases significantly during sperm capacitation and is primarily involved in sperm capacitation and motility. This study aimed to analyze the expression regulation pattern, sequence characteristics and potential biological function of <i>CABYR</i> gene in Banna mini-pig inbred line (BMI). The testes of adult BMI boars were used for RNA-seq; the complete coding sequence of <i>CABYR</i> was cloned; the sequence, structural characteristics, interacting proteins, KEGG and GO of CABYR were analyzed; the ceRNA regulatory network of CABYR was built using RNA-seq data. The average expression level and TPM value of <i>CABYR</i> gene obtained by RNA-seq was 11 187.50 and 225.29, respectively. The full-length CDS of <i>CABYR</i> was 1149 bp (GenBank accession number: OK042309) encoding 382 amino acids (GenBank login number: UYO37316). The amino acid sequence alignment analysis of multiple species revealed that the similarity between BMI and other species exceeded 73%, indicating a relatively conserved sequence. The CABYR protein was found to contain the DD_CABYR_SP17 conserved domain, the results of species phylogenetic tree analysis met the clustering criteria. Other analyses, including protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, KEGG, and GO, revealed that BMI CABYR interacts with 50 proteins involved in a variety of functions, such as sexual reproduction and reproductive processes. CABYR was involved in 7 GOs, including five cellular components, one molecular functions, and one biological processes, according to functional annotation. Six miRNAs were found to regulate the <i>CABYR</i> gene via targeted interactions. Additionally, 8, 6, and 1 lncRNAs were found to interact with ssc-miR-4331-3p, ssc-miR-744, and ssc-miR-491, respectively, in association with CABYR. This study examines the expression of <i>CABYR</i> in the testis of BMI, as well as its molecular structure characteristics and expression regulatory network. These findings provide a foundation for future research on the involvement of the <i>CABYR</i> gene in spermatogenesis processes in BMI pigs, particularly in relation to crucial biological processes such as sperm motility and fibrous sheath development.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Genetic Diversity, Differentiation and Phylogeny of Wild Yak and Four Domestic Yak Breeds in Qinghai, China Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytb Variations","authors":"D. Xu, R. Li, Y. Xu, W. Guo, S. Chen, W. Li, W. Huang, C. Lei, Z. Ma","doi":"10.1134/s1022795424700376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s1022795424700376","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Yak (<i>Bos grunniens</i>) is a unique livestock animal originating from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. In the current study, we investigated the maternal genetic diversity, differentiation and phylogeny of wild yak population and four domestic yak breeds (Qinghai-Gaoyuan, Huanhu, Xueduo, and Yushu) in Qinghai, China by analyzing 166 mitochondrial cytochrome <i>b</i> (<i>Cytb</i>) gene sequence variations. The results showed that the five yak breeds/populations had high genetic diversity (<i>H</i>_d = 0.501 ± 0.088–0.770 ± 0.053) and each yak breed/population owned unique haplotypes. Estimates of <i>F</i>_ST values showed a moderate genetic differentiation between wild yak and Huanhu yak (<i>F</i>_ST = 0.0577) as well as that between Huanhu yak and Yushu yak breeds (<i>F</i>_ST = 0.0520), but a weak genetic differentiation was observed between the other yak breeds/populations (–0.0209 &lt; <i>F</i>_ST &lt; 0.0372). Additionally, the clustering analysis based on <i>R</i>_ST values showed that Xueduo yak and Huanhu yak were clustered into one group, and each of the other three yak breeds/populations was separated into one group, respectively. Overall, the clustering relationship between wild yak and Yushu yak was closer. Maternal phylogenetic analysis showed that wild yak and four domestic yak breeds/populations in Qinghai represented in three maternal lineages (Mt-I, Mt-II, and Mt-III), indicating three maternal origins in yak. Our study would provide valuable information for the conservation and utilization of wild yak and Qinghai domestic yak breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":21441,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Genetics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141773858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}