2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)最新文献

{"title":"Ab initio calculations of carbon impurities in ferroelectric lead titanate","authors":"Meaad Al-hadidi, J. Goss, Raied Al-hamadany, P. Briddon, M. Rayson","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810157","url":null,"abstract":"Lead titanate is of interest due to its room-temperature ferroelectric properties and high dielectric constant. Organic species present during growth make carbon as common contaminant, so various structural configurations of carbon in tetragonal PbTiO3 have been investigated. We have analyzed the electronic properties and vibrational modes using density functional calculations, from which we find that carbon contamination may be electrically active, such as substitution of Pb or O, or electrically passive, such as for iso-electronic substitution of Ti. The most stable site under most conditions is substitution of Ti, but due to the structural arrangement and chemical bonding it is a fixed electric dipole, with an activation energy for reorientation around 1.5 eV. This large barrier has implications for switching the direction of ferroelectric domains.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130910209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voice conversion using coefficient mapping and neural network","authors":"Agbolade Olaide Ayodeji, S. Oyetunji","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810239","url":null,"abstract":"The research presents a voice conversion model using coefficient mapping and neural network. Most previous works on parametric speech synthesis did not account for losses in spectral details causing over smoothing and invariably, an appreciable deviation of the converted speech from the targeted speaker. An improved model that uses both linear predictive coding (LPC) and line spectral frequency (LSF) coefficients to parametrize the source speech signal was developed in this work to reveal the effect of over-smoothing. Non-linear mapping ability of neural network was employed in mapping the source speech vectors into the acoustic vector space of the target. Training LPC coefficients with neural network yielded a poor result due to the instability of the LPC filter poles. The LPC coefficients were converted to line spectral frequency coefficients before been trained with a 3-layer neural network. The algorithm was tested with noisy data with the result evaluated using Mel-Cepstral Distance measurement. Cepstral distance evaluation shows a 35.7 percent reduction in the spectral distance between the target and the converted speech.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126375026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleation regions and coercivity determination of sintered Nd-Fe-B magnets","authors":"Muhsien M. Yazid, S. Olsen, G. Atkinson","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810214","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the use of magnetic force microscopy MFM to observe magnetization reversal and nucleation in sintered permanent magnet materials. The investigated magnet is sintered Nd-Fe-B magnet. The domain structure is observed in both perpendicular and parallel surfaces to the alignment axis (easy axis) in a thermally demagnetized state. Maze-like and stripe-like magnetic domains are observed in perpendicular and parallel surfaces respectively. The nucleation regions are successfully observed at domain walls and presented in 3D with clear magnetic contrast images. The sample shows narrow magnetic domains with negative nucleation regions. The volume of nucleation site are determined and validated theoretically by developing an approach involving coercivity versus nucleus volume. It is shown that nucleation volume is proportional to coercive field. These insights can be useful for realizing Dy free Nd-Fe-B magnet with high coercivity.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116050457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tool and drilling parameters on surface topography of bone drilled holes: An in vitro study","authors":"Gurmeet Singh, R. Jindal, V. Jain, D. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810187","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orthopedic bone drilling is one of the major mechanical process performed by the orthopedic surgeons during the orthopedic surgery. It is a necessary action to fixate the implants during the direct method of fracture treatment. The bone encountered some extra mechanical forces and residual stresses during drilling which can harm the already damaged bone. The Non-favorable combination of drilling parameters affect the surface topography of the drilled walls holes. The surface around the drill site is the crucial part which need to be focused for the better bone screw joint. Methodology: Heavy rough surface, having more Rmax value definitely give lower pull-out strength because of loose grip of screw and bone. So the surface properties of bone drilled samples with different combination of drilling parameters (rotational speed, Feed rate and type of tool) is to be studied, targeting the lower surface roughness and better surface topography. The parameters i.e. rotational speed (600, 1200, 1800, 2400 rpm) and feed rate of tools (10, 20, 30, 40 mm/min) are studied at four levels and type of tool at two levels (standard twist drill and cylindrical abrasive tool). Experimental design matrix of mixed array L16 employed for better observation of results using less attempts. Results: These value of surface roughness use to solve taguchi technique for lower-the better results. Results of taguchi show that with rpm 600, feed rate 10mm/min and standard drill bit tool gives the best results Analysis of variance for measured surface roughness describes the percentage contribution of each parameters and significance on the results. The results have been confirmed by finding confidence interval for optimize results and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) supports the roughness results. Conclusion: Surface roughness is influenced by all the contributing parameters very significantly. Drilling with standard drill bit, steady and slow rotational speed with controlled feed rate gives better surface roughness and topography.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"2001 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125217263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modal sensitivity enhancement of few-mode fiber Bragg gratings for refractive index measurement","authors":"M. M. Ali, S. Memon, E. Lewis, K. Lim, H. Ahmad","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810208","url":null,"abstract":"Few-mode fibers (FMFs) offer several distinct features from single mode fibers and multimode fibers, in terms of medium core size which is capable of accommodating several transverse modes (2–6 modes). In this work, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has been inscribed in FMF which exhibits more than one resonant Bragg wavelengths. Few-mode fiber Bragg grating (FM-FBG) can be used as sensing device because of its modal sensitivity to the changes in an ambient environment, such as temperature and refractive index in terms of concentration of the solution. To increase its modal sensitivity for solution concentration, the cladding of FM-FBG is removed, and the Bragg wavelength difference of the modes increases during the etching process. It has been observed that by decreasing the core radius through chemical etching, the Bragg wavelength difference of respective modes increases whereas the power confinement ratio in the core for the respective modes decreases. Therefore we have optimized the core radius as at approximately 7 µm for the enhancement of refractive index modal sensitivities. The fabricated sensor has been characterized with the different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl(aq)) solution.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"12 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121013203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical simulation of low frequency wave radiation from a buried water pipe","authors":"M. Salimi, J. Muggleton, E. Rustighi","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810168","url":null,"abstract":"Vibro-acoustic techniques have been developed with the aim of determining the location of buried pipes. However, the characteristics of the recorded conical wave radiation from the pipe wall to the surface, at very low frequencies, have not been investigated in depth. By applying any type of excitation, at low frequency, to a typical water pipe, only the axisymmetric waves termed n=0, s=1,2 are dominant and most of the energy is carried by these waves which are well coupled to the pipe wall. This excitation can be applied, from a location where there is an access point to the buried pipe from the surface, e.g. a fire hydrant. Exciting the pipe using this technique generates two types of wave in the surrounding medium; a spherical and a conical wave. A distortion of the spherical wave at the surface, above the pipe axis, indicates the location of the pipe. In this paper, the speed of the seismic wave within the surrounding medium and the acoustic waves in the pipe are estimated by looking at the phase data obtained from Cross Spectrum Density function (CSD), between the input voltage to the shaker and the measured ground vibration at the surface. Using phase measurements are preferable to magnitude, since they are more resistant to noise effects and provide more reliable data, even for low quality measured data. An analytical study was performed based on the results obtained from the experimental study. Furthermore, a new way of unwrapping phase data was proposed so as to simplify the process of pipe location using this technique.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115252679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different parameters variation analysis of a PV cell","authors":"M. T. Ahmed, Teresa Gonçalves, A. Albino, M. R. Rashel, Angela Veiga, M. Tlemçani","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810183","url":null,"abstract":"The paper states an introduction, description and implementation of a PV cell under the variation of parameters. Analysis and observation of a different parameters variation of a PV cell are discussed here. To obtain the model for the purpose of analyzing an equivalent circuit with the consisting parameters a photo current source, a series resistor, a shunt resistor and a diode is used. The fundamental equation of PV cell is used to study the model and to analyze and best fit observation data. The model can be used in measuring and understanding the behaviour of photovoltaic cells for certain changes in PV cell parameters. A numerical method is used to analyze the parameters sensitivity of the model to achieve the expected result and to understand the deviation of changes in different parameters situation at various conditions respectively. The ideal parameters are used to study the models behaviour. It is also compared the behaviour of current-voltage and power-voltage by comparing with produced maximum power point though it is a challenge to optimize the output with real time simulation. The whole working process is also discussed and an experimental work is also done to get the closure and insight about the produced model and to decide upon the validity of the discussed model.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121988084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the use of low-cost accelerometers in assessing fishing vessel stability through period of heave motion","authors":"Nana O. Abankwa, G. Squicciarini, Steven J. Johnston, Mark Scott, S. Cox","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810161","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the use of low-cost accelerometers for fishing vessel stability. These sensors provide vessel operators with a novel, autonomous, low-cost method of implementing vessel stability theory. This research evaluates the ability of low-cost, easy-to-use platforms to accurately measure the period of vessels heave motions. This was done using a Derritron Shaker in combination with a signal generator to simulate heave motion at frequencies between 0.2 Hz and 1.0 Hz. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) was used to convert the measured time signal into the frequency domain. FFT analysis not only enables the detection of the peak period and frequency of heave motion, but also provides the heave response spectra. Results indicate that low-cost, readily available devices with inertial measurement units such as mobile phones and Raspberry Pis can be used to determine the period of heave motions. Their low-cost makes them suitable solutions for improving safety of fishing vessels.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128872363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the convection heat transfer coefficient in a thermoelectric distillation system","authors":"Hayder Al‐Madhhachi, M. Prest, G. Min","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810190","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a thermal model has been developed for a water distillation system which uses a thermoelectric module. The thermoelectric module cools a heat exchanger and extracts the latent heat of condensation from the water vapour at the cold side, releasing heat at the hot side to supplement the water heating. It is important to take into account the temperature distribution and the heat transfer of the thermoelectric distillation system to enhance the thermal performance. The model shows that the rate of water condensation is dependent upon the cold side temperature of the thermoelectric module, vapour temperature, geometry of the heat exchanger and the convection heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger at the cold side. The thermal model is used to analyses the experimental data of the thermoelectric distillation system. The results shows that the local convection heat transfer coefficient is 8 W/m2.K. Measurements of the distilled water show that the produced water has similar quality to the tap water in terms of PH, total dissolved solids and electrical conductivity values.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130050345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convolutional codes defined in GF(q) combine with PNC over impulsive noise channels","authors":"Yuanyi Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSAE.2016.7810177","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to present a performance evaluation of multilevel convolutional codes defined in Galois field (GF(q)) on Physical-layer network coding (PNC) over an impulsive conventional two-way relay channel(TWRC). A comparison between binary to non-binary convolutional codes with different mixtures of impulsiveness is being made, along with the lower bound analysis of non-binary convolutional codes. We want to show that the non-binary convolutional code is always a good choice for PNC over impulsive channel.","PeriodicalId":214121,"journal":{"name":"2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ICSAE)","volume":"94 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128710197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}