{"title":"“Paul and Mary Would Like You to Bake”","authors":"Caroline Kjærulff","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132069","url":null,"abstract":"In a time of devolution and fragmentation in the UK, The Great British Bake Off plays into the elements of heritage film and imperial nostalgia and especially all things considered ‘English’. However, the show also attempts to include a more diverse representation of the British people and recreate a national identity that leaves more space for ethnic minorities. Linking theories on national identity and theories on heritage film, this article examines how the GBBO format acts as heritage television which idealizes certain aspects of English history, as well as how the inclusion and celebration of contestants with an ethnic minority background adds to a portrayal of an idealized form of British multiculturalism. These findings lay the basis for a discussion on the connection between food culture and multiculturalism, and how GBBO tries to combine the past ‘glory’ of England with the present (multicultural) reality of Britain.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127592784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subtractive Bilingualism among Children in Immigrant Families, Family Cohesion and Acculturation","authors":"Loc-An Nguyen","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132073","url":null,"abstract":"Subtractive bilingualism is a phenomenon that is common among children of immigrants, and refers to a process in which the acquisition of a second language results in the deterioration of the heritage language. This article is a critical overview of some of the literature surrounding this phenomenon in immigrant families residing in English speaking countries, as well as how it can affect family relationships. It is concluded that heritage language proficiency, as well as the simultaneous mastery of the heritage language and the dominant language, typically leads to improved relationships, while subtractive bilingualism often is associated with intergenerational conflict. However, many immigrant families navigate issues of communication brought about by subtractive bilingualism in a multitude of different ways, thus illustrating that the families do not necessarily become dysfunctional due to linguistic barriers, rather they employ strategies to minimize miscommunication.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128520746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recentering the Rabbits","authors":"T. Marstal","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132077","url":null,"abstract":"This paper responds to scholarly disagreement within literary animal studies as to whether anthropomorphism aids or hinders human-animal relations and cross-species understanding. Taking Richard Adams’ Watership Down as its case study, the paper argues that the novel retains an interest in portraying its animals as animals despite the heavy anthropomorphization of its animal characters. The analysis highlights four strategies that the novel employs for communicating an animal experience to a human reader: 1) A careful attention to the physicality of its rabbit characters, 2) the use of rabbit mythology to aid the reader in imagining a rabbit-centric worldview, 3) the framing of the entire text as a work of translation, which provides an in-fiction explanation for the occasional untranslatability between human and animal experiences, and 4) thematic exploration of animal vulnerability. The analysis leads to the conclusion that Watership Down successfully fosters a sense of human-animal empathy that calls attention to both commonalities and power imbalances between humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130585940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"English Spoken in the Channel Islands","authors":"Signe Elvensø","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132075","url":null,"abstract":"The Channel Islands spoke Norman French up until the 19th century, when English began to take over as the main language of the inhabitants. Today, their local French dialects are dying out, but several features from Norman French are preserved in their English dialect for a while longer. This article examines some of the ways Channel Island English varies from Standard English, and how the dialect has been affected by Norman French by analysing five different features of the dialect: three of them phonological and two of them morphosyntactic. These features have been elected and analysed based on an interview of two native speakers of respectively Jersey English and Guernsey English, produced by BBC in 2015, as well as on findings of previous studies. Though the study, with only two speakers, is not necessarily representative, it does show that the non-standard dialect is present in the Channel Islands.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114906871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hyde the Sinful","authors":"Ida Krarup","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132071","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the moral duality presented in Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and its connection to the Christian morals guiding Victorian society. It suggests that the novella undermines a dualistic Christian perception of human nature through changes in point of view and by replacing a clear duality with an abject ambiguity. It argues that in the novella abjection of part of the self is portrayed as destructive and that the novella is essentially a critique of repressive Christian morals.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116356542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Why Do We Enjoy Scary Movies?","authors":"Sofie Vittrup","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132076","url":null,"abstract":"Why do people enjoy scary media? The horror genre is designed to elicit negative emotions such as fear and anxiety in its audience and yet the horror entertainment industry is thriving. This question, referred to as the paradox of horror, is the focal point of this article. Through an evolutionary framework, I provide support for the view of horror movies as being biologically adaptive. Human beings are biologically wired with survival strategies to predict and respond to danger, and horror entertainment allows for effective and safe vicarious learning that in turn helps us prepare for dangerous situations in real life. Through an analysis of the movie The Conjuring (2013), this article explores how exactly horror movies target and engage evolved fear mechanisms in order to captivate and engage the audience.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128077949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'Saying Things That You Can't Say Tomorrow Day'","authors":"Malene Ley","doi":"10.7146/lev82022132074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev82022132074","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates whether Arctic Monkeys frontman Alex Turner’s use of northern English linguistic features decreased from the band’s first album Whatever People Say I am, That's What I'm Not (WPS) (2006) to their fifth album AM (2013); whether this was because Turner began to accommodate to American audiences instead of British audiences. An auditory analysis of two songs from each album was conducted to see if Turner’s use of glottalisation and th-fronting, typical northern English variants, changed. The results showed a clear decline in Turner’s use of northern English linguistic features between the two albums. The article concludes that British youth was the intended audience in WPS, but it is unclear who the intended audience is in AM as Turner continued to use other non-standard features that index Turner’s British roots.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121031716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Freedom’s Journal","authors":"Emma Stave","doi":"10.7146/lev.v0i6.119255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i6.119255","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the first newspaper operated, published, and distributed by free blacks in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century, Freedom’s Journal. Despite being active for merely two years, the New York-based periodical managed to unite African Americans across different states by becoming their mouthpiece. The first part of the article examines well-established historical facts including information about the editors, the readership, and the methods of distribution. The second part examines changes brought to the journalistic field by African Americans, while part three analyzes excerpts from a debate between proponents of the colonization movement, and their African American opponents. The final part discusses why the periodical ceased publishing, the importance of the method of distribution, and how the paper may have impacted subsequent black rights movements. Finally, an assessment is given as to how periodicals like Freedom’s Journal may influence the present and the future.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124706335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prestige and Prejudice","authors":"M. R. Porsgaard","doi":"10.7146/lev.v0i6.118863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i6.118863","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Danes’ attitudes towards selected accents of English drawing on data from an experiment where 21 Danes were asked to evaluate speakers of Australian English, Received Pronunciation (RP), General American (GA), Southern American English and Danish-accented English. It is argued that Danes have internalised multiple stereotypes about speakers of these accents and that the media play a vital role in the creation and reinforcement of these stereotypes. It is also argued that RP is considered the most prestigious accent of English, that GA is considered the most ‘standard’ accent of English and that Danish-accented English is disliked by Danes.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130231024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Politics of Gun Control in the United States","authors":"Vibeke Sofie Sandager Rønnedal","doi":"10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/lev.v0i5.115497","url":null,"abstract":"The discussion of the right to keep and bear arms has been a growing issue in American society during the past two decades. This article examines the origin of the right and whether it is still relevant in contemporary American society. It is found that the Second Amendment was written for two main reasons: to protect the people of the frontier from wildlife and foreign as well as native enemies, and to ensure the citizen militia being armed and ready to fight for a country with a deep-rooted mistrust of a standing army and a strongly centralized government. As neither of these reasons have applied to American society for at least the past century, it is concluded that American society has changed immensely since the Second Amendment was ratified in 1791, and that the original purpose of the right to keep and bear arms thus has been outdated long ago.","PeriodicalId":213915,"journal":{"name":"Leviathan: Interdisciplinary Journal in English","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126210833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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