Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences最新文献_第6页

Response Surface Methodology on Optimization of Kinematic Viscosity of a Lubricant, Function of Temperature and Pressure 优化润滑剂运动粘度（温度和压力的函数）的响应面方法学

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.13

Bodunwa Oluwatoyin Kikelomo

引用次数: 0

Nickel-Based Catalysts for Deoxygenation of Biorefinery Products to Renewable Fuels: A Mini Review 将生物精炼产品脱氧为可再生燃料的镍基催化剂：小型综述

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.22

Faruk Usman, Aminu Muhammad Bayawa, A. M. Sokoto, Abdullahi Bako Rabah

{"title":"Nickel-Based Catalysts for Deoxygenation of Biorefinery Products to Renewable Fuels: A Mini Review","authors":"Faruk Usman, Aminu Muhammad Bayawa, A. M. Sokoto, Abdullahi Bako Rabah","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.22","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel-based catalysts have shown decent performance in deoxygenation reactions. Although palladium catalyst is very effective for this reaction, its high cost increases the cost of production. This review concerns the deoxygenation reactions of higher fatty acids, vegetable oils, bio-oil and its model compounds to fuels using nickel-based catalysts. The hydrodeoxygenation and decarboxylation of model fatty acids and vegetable oils over nickel-based catalysts have been found to produce appreciable hydrocarbons that can be used directly as fuel in diesel engines. Similarly, bio-oil and its model compounds produce hydrocarbons in the presence of various nickel-based catalysts, but the yield is not as prominent as in vegetable oils. In general, the catalytic performance of nickel in such reactions depends on the co-metal, support and the reaction conditions. Like palladium and platinum, the electronic properties of nickel-metal have been shown to significantly contribute to the cleavage of the C–C or C–H bonds during the reactions. It has been reported that hydrogen molecule is stuck in the defect sites of the nickel=metal surface resulting in a decrease in the activation energy of hydrogen dissociation. Nickel, is, therefore, one of the most promising metals for catalyzing hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oils into hydrocarbons. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Urban Runoff on Benthic and Pelagic Fish Fauna in Ikpoba River: Metals Levels in Gonads 城市径流对伊克波巴河底栖和浮游鱼类的影响：性腺中的金属含量

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.8

O. Ogbeide, Ebuni Jessinta Asoya

{"title":"Impact of Urban Runoff on Benthic and Pelagic Fish Fauna in Ikpoba River: Metals Levels in Gonads","authors":"O. Ogbeide, Ebuni Jessinta Asoya","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of urban runoff on heavy metal concentrations in Ikpoba River, focusing on water, sediment, and fish gonads. Two sampling stations, upstream and downstream, were selected to assess variations in contamination levels. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Co, Cd, Ni, Pb) in these samples were analyzed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Histopathological examinations of fish gonad tissues were also conducted. Downstream water samples in August exhibited significantly elevated lead (Pb) levels (0.037 mg/L) and cobalt (Co) concentrations (0.02 mg/L) compared to upstream levels. Sediment analysis revealed marked downstream contamination, with higher lead (Pb) levels (5.208 mg/kg) and cobalt (Co) concentrations (2.067 mg/kg) in August. Gonadal tissue analysis showed alarming contamination levels, with pelagic fish species displaying higher lead (Pb) and cobalt (Co) concentrations compared to benthic fish. These results highlight the vulnerability of pelagic species to heavy metal accumulation and indicate substantial pollution from industrial sources in the Ikpoba River. Urgent pollution control measures and ongoing monitoring are essential to safeguard the river's ecosystem and community health. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term consequences and potential health risks associated with heavy metal contaminants in the river. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Implementation of a Portable Ventilator with Variable Breath per Minute (BPM) 设计和实现每分钟呼吸量（BPM）可变的便携式呼吸机

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.5

Mathew Oluwole Arowolo, Cyril Omeiza Ohiani-Greg, Ademilua Busayo Ademola

引用次数: 0

Assessing Selected CNN Models for Efficient Feature Extraction in SSD for Text Detection in Advertisement Images 评估用于广告图像文本检测的 SSD 中高效特征提取的选定 CNN 模型

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.17

Aanuoluwa O. Adio, Caleb O. Akanbi, A. A. Adigun, Abdulwakil A Kasali, S. Adisa

{"title":"Assessing Selected CNN Models for Efficient Feature Extraction in SSD for Text Detection in Advertisement Images","authors":"Aanuoluwa O. Adio, Caleb O. Akanbi, A. A. Adigun, Abdulwakil A Kasali, S. Adisa","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.17","url":null,"abstract":"Digital advertisement promotes goods and services using digital media and technology. These digital advertisement images contain important information on the product and services being advertised and seek to persuade potential customers to take specific actions toward contacting the advertiser. Manual extraction of information from the advertisement images is tedious and prone to errors. The literature on text detection from images, billboards, and signposts using Single-shot detection (SSD) is vast. However, the literature has not explored its performance for text detection on advertisement images. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the performance of these models on advertisement images. The performance of three selected Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models (Resnet-50, Mobilenetv2, and Resnet-101) with SSD for text detection in advertisement images was evaluated. A total of 400 digital advertisement images were manually collected and annotated for use in this study. Results of comparing the performance of selected CNN models with the SSD architecture for text detection from advertisement images showed that Resnet-50 performed well with the detection of small texts with a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 0.736, AP(small) of 0.692 and AR(small) of 0.781. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of Anopheles gambiae s.l (Diptera: Culicidae) 2 Sibling Species Composition and Biting Preference in 3 Osun State, Southwestern, Nigeria 尼日利亚西南部奥苏恩州冈比亚按蚊（双翅目：疟原虫科）2 兄弟姐妹物种组成和叮咬偏好的动态变化 3

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.27

L. O. Busari, Z. O. Iwalewa, A. O. Adeogun, O. Surakat, A. M. Rufai, K.A. Fasasi, M. Adeleke

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Relationship between Nasal Mucociliary Clearance and Nasal Index among Adult Volunteers in Kano, Nigeria: Implications for Respiratory Health 尼日利亚卡诺成人志愿者鼻腔黏膜清除率与鼻指数之间的关系：对呼吸道健康的影响

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.30

Khalifa A. Idris, Khadija Habib, Ashiru Yusuf, Sunday A. Musa, Ahmad R. Tukur, Mahmud Ahmad, Yasir N. Jibril, Said Amin, Mukhtar Muhammad

{"title":"Relationship between Nasal Mucociliary Clearance and Nasal Index among Adult Volunteers in Kano, Nigeria: Implications for Respiratory Health","authors":"Khalifa A. Idris, Khadija Habib, Ashiru Yusuf, Sunday A. Musa, Ahmad R. Tukur, Mahmud Ahmad, Yasir N. Jibril, Said Amin, Mukhtar Muhammad","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.30","url":null,"abstract":"Nasal Mucociliary Clearance (NMC) is a vital mechanism that clears foreign particles and pathogens from the nasal cavity, ensuring nasal health and preventing respiratory infections. Although the nasal index, an anthropometric measurement of nose shape, remains unstudied in relation to NMC, exploring this link could provide valuable clinical insights into predicting respiratory conditions and nasal disorders. This study aimed to establish the relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance and nasal index among adult volunteers in Kano. Four hundred and five (405) participants were systematically selected comprising males (233) and females (172) which are all residents of Kano State, Nigeria. The nasal height and width of each participant were measured using a digital Vernier calliper and the nasal index was calculated. Nasal Mucociliary Clearance Time (NMCT) was measured using the saccharine test, as the time taken to experience a sweet taste at the posterior naso-pharynx after the placement of saccharine was recorded as NMC time. The data were analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics 20). The mean age and standard deviation of the study participants were 23±3 years for males and 21±2 years for females. The mean and standard deviation of the nasal index in the males and females were 89 ± 9 and84±8, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of NMCT in males was 9 ± 4 min while in females was 8 ± 4 min. This study did not identify a statistically significant correlation between the nasal index and nasal mucociliary clearance (p≥0.05, r=0.46). However, sexual dimorphism was found in the nasal index, with males having a significantly higher nasal index than females (p<0.001).This study established that no significant correlation exists between the nasal index and NMCT, thus it could be inferred that the shape and size of the nose have no influence on the NMCT. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic Variability and Evaluation of Cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata L.) Genotypes for Resistance to Cowpea Aphid Borne Mosaic Virus 豇豆（Vigna Unguiculata L.）基因型对豇豆蚜虫花叶病毒抗性的遗传变异性和评估

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.29

M. Nuraddeen, S. Babura

{"title":"Genetic Variability and Evaluation of Cowpea [Vigna Unguiculata L.) Genotypes for Resistance to Cowpea Aphid Borne Mosaic Virus","authors":"M. Nuraddeen, S. Babura","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.29","url":null,"abstract":"Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L. Walp) is one of the most important leguminous crop to mankind because of its use as food, soil cover and Nitrogen fixation. Despite this, viral diseases have been reported to be a major biotic constrain against cowpea production and can lead to total crop failure (100% yield loss). Field studies were conducted using 44 cowpea varieties laid down in Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. There was a significant difference P ≤ 0.05 for disease incidence among cowpea genotype in both locations and for both seasons except for incidence in Minjibir 2021. IT17-1157-3-2 recorded the least disease incidence (7.33), while IT18KD-391 recorded the highest disease incidence (32.08). In total, six genotypes showed resistant response, twenty showed tolerant and the remaining eighteen genotypes showed susceptible response. In terms of location, BUK 2022 recorded the highest disease incidence (34.30%) while Minjibir 2021 had the least incidence (1.33%). The results of genetic variability indicated that there was a considerable variability response to cowpea aphid borne mosaic virus (CABMV) which to a larger extent is influenced by the environment, as evidenced by the higher environmental variance (EV), environmental coefficient of variation (ECV), and lower heritability values. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of phytoplankton species in the Stomach of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.) 罗非鱼胃中浮游植物种类的测定

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.4

F.B. Abubakar, A. Salisu, B.D. Yakasai, A. Sani, M.M. Namadina, A. Kamal

{"title":"Determination of phytoplankton species in the Stomach of Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.)","authors":"F.B. Abubakar, A. Salisu, B.D. Yakasai, A. Sani, M.M. Namadina, A. Kamal","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.4","url":null,"abstract":"The condition of a fish pond's physiochemical parameters determines whether it is artificial or natural. One of the most significant tropical and subtropical freshwater fish is the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.), which can eat both tiny zooplankton and phytoplankton. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the phytoplankton species found in the stomach and gut of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.). Based on the physical traits of the phytoplankton species, fishpond waters, fish guts, and fish stomachs were identified using established procedures. The conventional techniques were employed to measure the physicochemical characteristics. Cyanophyceae and Chlorophyceae made up the majority of the phytoplankton that was discovered in the stomach, gut, and pond waters. Anabaena and Microcystis, two potentially poisonous cyanophyta species, were the most significant and prevalent phytoplankton species discovered in the intestines of tilapia. The study area's fish pond water had physicochemical parameter values of 26.3 o/oo for salinity, 7.1 for pH, 6.3 mg/L for dissolved oxygen, and 27.4°C for temperature. The study's findings may be applied to the biomanipulation of bothersome phytoplankton blooms in pond environments. The variation in the gut and stomach phytoplanktons of Tilapia fish was thus shown by the current preliminary investigation, which may be helpful in the creation of probiotics, medications, and industrial enzyme production. The pond under study was steady and appropriate for fish farming, with the goal of reintroducing fish to areas with a deficiency of fish populations. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study on Single Extraction Technique of Some Selected Heavy Metals in the Soils of Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria 尼日利亚阿布贾大都市土壤中某些特定重金属的单一萃取技术研究

Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.23

R. Ibrahim, M. S. Dauda, N. C. Igwemmar, P.W. Obingwa

{"title":"A Study on Single Extraction Technique of Some Selected Heavy Metals in the Soils of Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"R. Ibrahim, M. S. Dauda, N. C. Igwemmar, P.W. Obingwa","doi":"10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v10i2b.23","url":null,"abstract":"Toxicity of metals in the soils has been a great environmental menace for decades. Toxicity of ions in Abuja soils at soil depth of 15cm was investigated using a single extraction analytical technique. Flame atomic absorption spectrometer was used for instrumental analysis. Single extraction ionic mobility sequence in urban soil samples is as follows: Zn>Cu>Fe>Al>Mn>>As>Ni>Pb>Cd>Cr. Mobility sequence in sub-urban soils is Zn>Cu>Fe>Al>Mn>>As>Ni>Pb>Cd>Cr and the sequence in Asokoro Forest soils (control) is Zn>Cu>Mn>Al>Fe>As>Ni>Cr>Cd>Pb. Zn ion has the highest mobility/bioavailability which indicates that Abuja metropolis could be sitting on Zn deposits. High mobility of Zn portends danger to plants and environment, as Zn toxicity hinders photosynthesis in plants thereby increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere which increases climate change subsequently. The study of metals toxicity in the environment will assist environmentalists and government policy makers in making decisions on how to tackle this menace. Abuja environment stakeholders should as a matter of urgency develop technical and legal frameworks to control the rise in metal build up in the metropolis. ","PeriodicalId":213779,"journal":{"name":"Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141829548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0