International Environment of Global Business eJournal最新文献_第5页

When do Autocracies Start to Liberalize Foreign Trade? Evidence from Four Cases in the Arab World 专制国家何时开始对外贸易自由化?阿拉伯世界四个案例的证据

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-26 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1596026

T. Richter

{"title":"When do Autocracies Start to Liberalize Foreign Trade? Evidence from Four Cases in the Arab World","authors":"T. Richter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1596026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1596026","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that trade and capital account reforms within autocracies underlie the primacy of foreign currency procurement. A longitudinal comparison of four countries (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt and Jordan) in the Middle East and North Africa region shows a historical sequencing of reforms. In the 1960s and 1970s, the foreign exchange scarcity was managed primarily by rising restrictions, accumulation of debt and a number of unilateral country-specific strategies, including broader economic openings (infitah) and isolated capital account liberalizations. However, IMF-friendly reforms (orthodox trade liberalization) only became a political option in the context of the extreme fiscal scarcity of the 1980s and 1990s, after the failure of these earlier policies and the drying up of alternative unconditional finance. Additionally, the time differences regarding when orthodox reforms are implemented within autocracies mainly relate to global and regional cycles of different external windfall gains. These findings complement recent debates about the rush to free trade in at least two regards. First, they point to distinct causal mechanisms depending on the type of political regime (for example, autocracy versus democracy), explaining the beginning of trade and capital account liberalizations among developing countries. Second, they reveal the conditional historical influence of neoliberal ideas among structurally similar autocracies.","PeriodicalId":213755,"journal":{"name":"International Environment of Global Business eJournal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121939560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

The Effects of the Global Economic Crisis on the Egyptian Economy (Arabic) 全球经济危机对埃及经济的影响(阿拉伯语)

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1595408

Hussein Elasrag

引用次数: 0

Links in the Chain: Environmental Concerns for the Global Economy and International Security 链条中的环节:对全球经济和国际安全的环境关注

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1604219

Sean Costigan

{"title":"Links in the Chain: Environmental Concerns for the Global Economy and International Security","authors":"Sean Costigan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1604219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1604219","url":null,"abstract":"No aspect of the global supply chain is untouched by environmental concerns and none more so than the security, broadly writ, of the supply chain itself. From the extraction and exploitation of natural resources, to the production of goods and their movement around the world all the way to consumption, the environment impacts every link of the chain. While uncertainties remain about the projected rate of sea level rise, the global and regional effects of climate change and the implications for international security, there can be no doubt that changes in the environment will present new and unprecedented risks for us all. From a practical and policy perspective, however, it is necessary to take a step back – while keeping an eye on the future – to get a better sense of vulnerabilities and what future risks and opportunities might portend. This report will focus on reasonable expectations of what the future may resemble – as suggested by security insights and current scientific consensus – on indicators related to such concerns as sea level rise, extreme weather events, climate change, economics, political security and their overall impacts.","PeriodicalId":213755,"journal":{"name":"International Environment of Global Business eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117295932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Social and Intellectual Dimensions in the Construction of Scientific Knowledge: The Institutional Theory in Organization Studies in Brazil 科学知识建构中的社会与知识维度:巴西组织研究中的制度理论

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-08 DOI: 10.1590/S1807-76922010000200003

EDSON RONALDO GUARIDO FILHO, Clóvis L. Machado-da-Silva, Luciano Rossoni

{"title":"The Social and Intellectual Dimensions in the Construction of Scientific Knowledge: The Institutional Theory in Organization Studies in Brazil","authors":"EDSON RONALDO GUARIDO FILHO, Clóvis L. Machado-da-Silva, Luciano Rossoni","doi":"10.1590/S1807-76922010000200003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/S1807-76922010000200003","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the assumption that scientific knowledge is a social construction, (re)produced by a community of practicing researchers, in this article we seek to delineate two dimensions of this process. The first, which we have called the social dimension, has to do with the social interactions among researchers in a determined scientific field, being evaluated as a co-authorship network. The second, the intellectual dimension, defined as the programmatic profile expressed by its substantive content and provided references, is constituted in relational citation structures. With this analytical division in mind, we set out to research how the intellectual structure is conditioned by the social relationships among researchers, with a focus on the institutional analysis perspective in organizational studies in Brazil. For this purpose, we empirically evaluated the phenomenon from the convergence of the social network analysis with the scientometric analysis, seeking support for these analyses within the structurationist perspective of the institutional theory. The results point toward a conditioning of the intellectual dimension by the social dimension since there is significant evidence from individual relationships and relationships at the group level that support the argument for a recursive relationship between the two dimensions.","PeriodicalId":213755,"journal":{"name":"International Environment of Global Business eJournal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116910576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Reducing Product Standards Heterogeneity Through International Standards in the WTO: How Far Across the River? 通过WTO的国际标准减少产品标准的异质性:河对岸有多远?

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.54648/trad2010010

Ming Du

引用次数: 8

Regional Financial Integration in the GCC 海湾合作委员会的区域金融一体化

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-04-01 DOI: 10.5089/9781451982589.001.A001

Raphael Espinoza, Oral Williams, A. Prasad

引用次数: 63

Green Services and Emergence and Recovery from the Global Economic Slowdown in Developing Asian Economies 绿色服务与亚洲发展中经济体从全球经济放缓中崛起和复苏

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-03-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1585624

M. Stoughton, V. Anbumozhi

引用次数: 3

Learning-by-Exporting and Destination Effects: Evidence from African SMEs 出口学习与目的地效应:来自非洲中小企业的证据

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-03-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1612770

Martijn Adriaan Boermans

{"title":"Learning-by-Exporting and Destination Effects: Evidence from African SMEs","authors":"Martijn Adriaan Boermans","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1612770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1612770","url":null,"abstract":"Vast empirical evidence underscores that exporting firms are more productive than non-exporters. As governments accordingly pursue export-promoting policies we are interested in the firmness of these conclusions with respect to African small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and the influence of the destination of export trade. Using a micro-panel dataset from five African countries we confirm the self-selection. We apply propensity scores to match exporters and use a difference-in-difference methodology to test if African SMEs experience productivity gains because of export participation. Results indicate that African firms significantly learn-by-exporting. Manufacturers obtain significant performance improvements due to internationalization although this effect is moderated by export destination. Firms that export outside Africa become more capital intensive and at the same time hire more workers. In contrast we find evidence that exporters within the African region significantly downsize in capital intensity. Results regarding skill-bias of internationally active firms are mixed, where exporters within the region expand in size and hire more relatively unskilled workers.","PeriodicalId":213755,"journal":{"name":"International Environment of Global Business eJournal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123028981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

The Chinese Government Bond Returns 中国政府债券收益

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-03-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1623747

Jiang Wang, Zhishu Yang, Dongyan Ye

引用次数: 0

An Empirical Investigation of Incentive Plan with Relative Performance Measure: Evidence from China's Listed State-Owned Enterprises 基于相对绩效指标的激励计划实证研究——来自中国国有上市企业的证据

International Environment of Global Business eJournal Pub Date : 2010-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1570996

Fang Hu

引用次数: 0