Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development最新文献_第2页

On a Mismatch Between Design and Social Change 论设计与社会变革的不匹配

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572381

Kentaro Toyama

{"title":"On a Mismatch Between Design and Social Change","authors":"Kentaro Toyama","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3572381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3572381","url":null,"abstract":"Social change projects, such as those undertaken under the banner of information & communication technologies for development (ICT4D), frequently address problems using a design-based approach and therefore inherit the values of what could be called “classical design.” One of those values, as we demonstrate through an examination of popular design textbooks, is to accommodate people’s needs, abilities, and behaviors. Accommodating people as they are, however, is very different from encouraging the internal changes in people – as either individuals or societies – that are required for meaningful social change. The inclinations of classical design are thus poorly matched to efforts intended to lead to social change. We flesh out this argument through an examination of classical design’s underlying ethos, an articulation of the difference between social good and social change, case studies of three ICT4D design efforts, and analysis of the implications of “giving people what they want.” We conclude with a call to draw a clear line between design for convenience or efficiency and innovation for social change in ICT4D pedagogy, research, and practice.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123615969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inheriting Discrimination: Datafication Encounters of Marginalized Workers 继承歧视:边缘化工人的数据化遭遇

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572389

Azhagu Meena S P, R. Veeraraghavan, Shivani Kapania, Vinodkumar Prabhakaran, V. Srinivasan, Nithya Sambasivan

引用次数: 0

The Reordering of Everyday Life through Digital technologies During the Covid-19 Pandemic 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间通过数字技术重新安排日常生活

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572375

H. Ahsan, L. Christensen

引用次数: 0

Long-Range Low-Cost Networking for Real-Time Monitoring of Rail Tracks in Developing Countries 用于发展中国家铁路轨道实时监测的远程低成本网络

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3581765

Saiful Islam Salim, Uday Kamal, Adnan Quaium, M. Hossain, Masfiqur Rahaman, Nazmul Hasan Sakib, Md Toki Tahmid, A. Islam

{"title":"Long-Range Low-Cost Networking for Real-Time Monitoring of Rail Tracks in Developing Countries","authors":"Saiful Islam Salim, Uday Kamal, Adnan Quaium, M. Hossain, Masfiqur Rahaman, Nazmul Hasan Sakib, Md Toki Tahmid, A. Islam","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3581765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3581765","url":null,"abstract":"Derailments present a frequent phenomenon in several developing countries, which result in massive loss of property along with death tolls. For preventing derailments, a real-time automated system is needed to detect uprooted or faulty rail blocks. One of the solutions in this context is to sense the vibration of the rail track having an incoming train and transmit the information to the train notifying it about the condition of the rail track ahead. However, existing studies in this regard are yet to present a pragmatic solution that enables much-demanded long-distance networking to transmit the sensed data. The demand for long-distance network communication between the sensor nodes and the incoming train is unavoidable, as stopping the train after sensing an uprooted or faulty rail block ahead needs a considerable response time and distance. Therefore, in this paper, we develop a low-cost, long-range, and highly reliable mobile multi-hop networking scheme to successfully transmit data sensed from rail tracks to an approaching train at a distance of around 2000m. By considering the effect of Fresnel’s Region in our study, we determine the suitable placement of the networking module on the rail track, which leads us to achieve a delivery ratio of more than 99%. We confirm this finding through rigorous experiments over a real testbed scenario enabling mobile multi-hop networking.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129150152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Driven to the brink: Understanding digital labour platform precarity among UberGo e-hailing drivers 被逼到边缘:了解UberGo网约车司机的数字劳动力平台不稳定性

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572374

Dylan Ribbans, P. Tsibolane, Thando Nkohla-Ramuneyiwa, J. Van Belle

{"title":"Driven to the brink: Understanding digital labour platform precarity among UberGo e-hailing drivers","authors":"Dylan Ribbans, P. Tsibolane, Thando Nkohla-Ramuneyiwa, J. Van Belle","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3572374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3572374","url":null,"abstract":"Digital labour platforms have been critiqued for the ways in which their new business models have informalized labour through labour reclassification, dynamic pricing practices and algorithmic rating systems of work management and evaluation. This business model led to the transferal of risk and insecurity to the platform workers, contributing to the rise of what Guy Standing terms the 'precariat'- a social class whose employment and income are insecure, negatively affecting material or psychological welfare. This study presents findings from semi-structured, qualitative research conducted with ten (N=10) e-hailing drivers of UberGo – a new low-cost ride-hailing offering on the Uber platform in South Africa. The paper uses the lenses of precarity and the cognitive, relational approach for work-induced stress to highlight the livelihood vulnerabilities (loss of earnings and job security) and coping strategies necessitated by the imposition of the UberGo offering. We invoke the Fairwork principles to propose ways to realize a decent and fairer future of platform work.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127795014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers and opportunities to improve renal outcomes in South Africa using AI technology for pediatric ultrasound interpretation 在南非使用人工智能技术进行儿科超声解读改善肾脏预后的障碍和机遇

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572379

L. Erdman, K. Milford, Z. Solomon, M. Rickard, A. Lorenzo, A. Grieve, A. Goldenberg

{"title":"Barriers and opportunities to improve renal outcomes in South Africa using AI technology for pediatric ultrasound interpretation","authors":"L. Erdman, K. Milford, Z. Solomon, M. Rickard, A. Lorenzo, A. Grieve, A. Goldenberg","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3572379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3572379","url":null,"abstract":"Over 10% of the global population is affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those without preventative care and early intervention are the worst impacted. Many childhood precursors to CKD such as hydronephrosis (HN) continue to be detected and treated late in low- and middle-income countries where prenatal and early-life ultrasound is less common. Artificial intelligence-based technology holds promise for improving some of this detection and treatment. In this work, we explore the barriers and opportunities of transferring an AI-based tool for early HN detection in pediatric ultrasound from Canada, where it was initially developed, to South Africa. We explore these challenges and opportunities at the health-system-, institutional-, and provider-levels. Our investigation is performed through interviews with clinicians at various levels, locations, and in different specialties. We find that the context of our tool’s use will change in terms of both clinicians and patients, as the users of our tool in South Africa will have less access to pediatric sonography expertise and, for related reasons, patients will tend to be older when they receive an ultrasound imaging. These differences indicate that while the initial algorithm can be tested and fine-tuned in certain settings, there is a larger need for tools which make standardized ultrasound easier to acquire. The clinicians interviewed are eager for AI-based assistance in caring patients earlier and more effectively and believe algorithms of this kind will be useful for improving care.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127880609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complexity Demands Agility: Operationalizing Agile Principles To Address Complex Public Health Challenge Of Malnutrition Management 复杂性要求敏捷性:实施敏捷原则以解决营养不良管理的复杂公共卫生挑战

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572370

Deepa Austin, A. Prakash, Suprgya Bhushan

{"title":"Complexity Demands Agility: Operationalizing Agile Principles To Address Complex Public Health Challenge Of Malnutrition Management","authors":"Deepa Austin, A. Prakash, Suprgya Bhushan","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3572370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3572370","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge in managing malnutrition lies largely on its multifactorial causation with complexities arising from interactions of multiple systems and their constituents. Based on the experiences gathered from designing and developing an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enabled malnutrition management platform in India, we advocate that agile methods can be a good fit to address complex public health problems and thus improving usability and adoption rate. Agile methodologies have proved to be accommodative of heterogeneous stakeholders’ requirement and non-linear dynamics in complex systems. In our attempt to operationalize agile principles in such complex dynamic settings, we present a three step approach to navigate through the ‘What’, ‘Who’ and ‘How’ elements of complexity - What are the contextual complexities of the problem studied and what could be a desirable and feasible solution? Who are the relevant stakeholders? How do we navigate and mediate through heterogeneous systems and stakeholders? We propose a 5F framework - of ’factoring in’ perspectives of stakeholders, filtering and prioritizing their needs, facilitating adoption, feasibility check and follow-up to ensure effective usage and adoption. The paper adds to the accumulated knowledge on the role of institutional intermediaries in dealing with complex public health problems. We argue that the intermediary role and the process of intermediation depends on the type of stakeholders, functionality and the contextual requirements of the applications.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125081040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding Online Harassment and Safety Concerns of Marginalized LGBTQ+ Populations on Social Media in Bangladesh 了解孟加拉国LGBTQ+边缘人群在社交媒体上的网络骚扰和安全问题

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572396

Fayika Farhat Nova, Pratyasha Saha, Shion Guha

引用次数: 1

ICT4D and Critical Data Studies: A Joint Research Agenda 信息技术发展与关键数据研究:联合研究议程

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572388

S. Masiero

引用次数: 1

Understanding the Strategies and Practices of Facebook Microcelebrities for Engaging in Sociopolitical Discourses 理解Facebook微名人参与社会政治话语的策略与实践

Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development Pub Date : 2022-06-27 DOI: 10.1145/3572334.3572368

Dipto Das, Amanul Islam, S. Haque, J. Vuorinen, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed

{"title":"Understanding the Strategies and Practices of Facebook Microcelebrities for Engaging in Sociopolitical Discourses","authors":"Dipto Das, Amanul Islam, S. Haque, J. Vuorinen, Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed","doi":"10.1145/3572334.3572368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3572334.3572368","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study popular microcelebrities from the Global South to understand their strategies and practices on Facebook. Unlike traditional celebrities who gain their reputation through different types of physical performance, these microcelebrities attain their status by presenting themselves in a favorable way to their online followers. We conducted interviews with 19 microcelebrities from Bangladesh and analyzed our data using actor-network theory (ANT) and Goffman’s dramaturgical analysis (DA) of human interaction. We discuss the complex socio-technical ecosystem of the microcelebrity and the roles of non-human actors, such as platforms and local internet infrastructure along with human actors’ practices. We explain the microcelebrities’ experience with the process of microcelebritification–the process of being a microcelebrity on social media through impression management, and becoming opinion leaders in local sociopolitical discourses as part of their online identity. Our paper contributes to the emerging literature on microcelebrities by highlighting the process viewed in the context of the Global South.","PeriodicalId":213752,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124559777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1