J. Bares, G. Hunt, Christopher Prengaman, Josey Wicks, Stefan Nicholson
{"title":"Establishing Long-Term Corrosion Protection of Copper-Based Alloys in Modern Transmissions","authors":"J. Bares, G. Hunt, Christopher Prengaman, Josey Wicks, Stefan Nicholson","doi":"10.4271/04-13-03-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-03-0016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":"251-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47392757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. S. Radwan, O. Abu-Elyazeed, F.A.F. Makar, Y. A. Attai
{"title":"On the Ignition Delay of Jojoba Bio-Gasoline Blended with Basic Gasoline as an Octane Booster","authors":"M. S. Radwan, O. Abu-Elyazeed, F.A.F. Makar, Y. A. Attai","doi":"10.4271/04-13-03-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-03-0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48229427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yamaguchi, Lucien Koopmans, Ayolt Helmantel, Johan Dillner, P. Dahlander
{"title":"Air Motion Induced by Ultra-High Injection Pressure Sprays for Gasoline Direct Injection Engines","authors":"A. Yamaguchi, Lucien Koopmans, Ayolt Helmantel, Johan Dillner, P. Dahlander","doi":"10.4271/04-13-03-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-03-0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49028671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emission and Combustion Analysis of a Glow-Plug Engine Fuelled with Nitromethane–Methanol Blends","authors":"S. Raviteja, P. Ramakrishna, A. Ramesh","doi":"10.4271/04-13-03-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-03-0015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41640858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Dworschak, Vinicius Berger, M. Härtl, G. Wachtmeister
{"title":"Particle Size Distribution Measurements of Neat and Water-Emulsified Oxymethylene Ethers in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine","authors":"P. Dworschak, Vinicius Berger, M. Härtl, G. Wachtmeister","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Diesel-fueled compression ignition engines display a distinct trade-off in particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions due to the nature of diffusive combustion. The modification of fuel properties has drawn much attention since these methods offer additional potential to reduce emissions. Oxygenated fuels are reported to greatly diminish particle emissions while water emulsification of regular diesel causes a significant decrease in NOX. However, recent studies indicate that these fuel-based approaches may lead to an increase in nanoparticle emissions, which are known to be more dangerous to human health than large particles. This has raised the question about whether current engine technology is prone to nanoparticle formation.In this work, the authors present a detailed study on combustion and emission performance of the oxygenate fuel Oxymethylene Ether (OMEn, the mixture contains neat OME with chain length n = 2 − 6). In a novel approach, a single-cylinder heavy-duty diesel engine was fueled with both neat and water-emulsified OME to combine the two fuel-based methods in order to simultaneously reduce both NOX and particle emissions to a great extent. Particular emphasis was put on the particle size distribution (PSD) of emitted PM to elaborate a potentially severe drawback of these fuel-based approaches. In the process, hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) was used as the diesel reference fuel. The findings are summarized as such: PSD measurements of OME2-6 reveal similar particle diameters in mid-load operation and a shift to smaller particles at unfavorable engine operations compared to HVO. Water-emulsified OME2-6 reduces NOX by roughly 2-3% with a one percent increase in water concentration while maintaining a nearly constant combustion efficiency. Adverse effects on nanoparticle formation by water emulsification were not observed.","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":"187-203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49598944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using Adsorbents to Mitigate Biodiesel Influence on the Deterioration of Engine Oil","authors":"Jerome Desire Aliebakaa Kpan, J. Krahl","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47679589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Fernandes, E. Tomanik, H. Moreira, T. Cousseau, Giuseppe Pintaude
{"title":"Effect of Aged Oils on Ring-Liner Wear","authors":"W. Fernandes, E. Tomanik, H. Moreira, T. Cousseau, Giuseppe Pintaude","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0010","url":null,"abstract":"With the trends to increase drain oil interval to reduce cost of ownership of Heavy-Duty vehicles and to use low ash oils, the efficiency of lubricant additives, especially the anti-wear ones, are of great interest. However, most of tribological tests are still done with fresh oils or in a few cases with artificially aged oils. In this work, piston ring and cylinder liner were rig tested for friction and wear on a short reciprocating tester with two oils: a fully formulated SAE 10W-40 API CI-4 / ACEA E7 and a sample of the same oil after 500h of engine test. Liner wear was evaluated by different parameters based on the Bearing Curve. Higher cylinder wear and slight lower friction values were found with aged oil. Samples of a liner with accumulated 500 engine hours were also tested with the aged oil and showed intermediate results. Figure 1Liner wear. After test, wear track of cylinder liners was analyzed by EDS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry) and compared with analyses of the parts before test. Much more Zinc and Phosphorus were found on the liners tested with fresh oil. Figure 2Liner wear and % of Zn+P found in the wear track. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the fresh oil, the aged oil showed slight lower friction but significant higher liner wear. More Zinc and Phosphorus were found on the liner wear track of the liners tested with the fresh oil. The fresh oil formed more ZZDP derived tribofilms that mitigated liner wear but increase friction. The used liners, tested with the aged oil presented intermediate values of friction, wear and ZDDP tribofilms. REFERENCES [1] Inada, K., Yoshimura, N. “Trends in Specification of Large Diesel Engine Oils”. Idemitsu Tribo review 29, 2016. [2] Rejowski, E. et al. Low viscosity oils impact on heavy duty diesel engine components. Blucher Engineering Proceedings, v. 3, n. 1, p. 118-130, 2016","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":"167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43320688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of Transesterification of Waste Cooking Oil with Methanol by Cubic Spline Interpolation","authors":"Mert Gülüm, Atilla Bilgin","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46044360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Reksowardojo, L. H. Duong, T. Soerawidjaja, T. Nguyen, O. Fujita, G. F. Neonufa
{"title":"Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Gas Turbine Engine Burning Soap-Derived Biokerosene/Jet A-1 Blends","authors":"I. Reksowardojo, L. H. Duong, T. Soerawidjaja, T. Nguyen, O. Fujita, G. F. Neonufa","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":"125-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43186376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kass, C. Janke, R. Connatser, S. Lewis, J. J. Baustian, Leslie R. Wolf, W. Koch
{"title":"Performance of Vehicle Fuel System Elastomers and Plastics with Test Fuels Representing Gasoline Blended with 10% Ethanol (E10) and 16% Isobutanol (iBu16)","authors":"M. Kass, C. Janke, R. Connatser, S. Lewis, J. J. Baustian, Leslie R. Wolf, W. Koch","doi":"10.4271/04-13-02-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4271/04-13-02-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21365,"journal":{"name":"SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants","volume":"13 1","pages":"137-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43466899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}