{"title":"Enhanced Distributed Connectivity Control in Low Probability of Detection Operations","authors":"Philip Shaw, Benjamin Campbell, B. Sims","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282374","url":null,"abstract":"For most military land vehicles, communication systems are the main contributor to RF emissions from the vehicle. To reduce detectability of the vehicle, the transmission power of the communications systems should be managed. Accomplishing this without adversely effecting the ability of vehicles to communicate requires a coordinated approach. Previous work has developed algorithms that aim to use distributed connectivity control to minimise the received power of network communications at an estimated adversary location. This paper builds upon that work. It proposes a number of possible enhancements that aim to reduce the optimisation time of distributed connectivity control algorithms. The proposed enhancements include partitioning the graph using articulation points to reduce the search space, the ability to eliminate multiple links at once and the elimination of redundant bids in the auctioning process. This paper shows in simulation that these enhancements, combined, significantly reduce the optimisation time compared to the baseline approach.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115114652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohd. Noor Islam, Tim Spitzer, Jeremy Hallett, Md. Asikuzzaman
{"title":"Doppler Estimation for Passive RF Sensing Method in Space Domain Awareness","authors":"Mohd. Noor Islam, Tim Spitzer, Jeremy Hallett, Md. Asikuzzaman","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282378","url":null,"abstract":"The main technologies currently used for Space Domain Awareness (SDA) are radar, optical telescope, and reflected laser tracking. These technologies alone cannot provide the comprehensive and persistent SDA that is becoming increasingly vital due to the increase in space traffic and the resulting higher probability of collisions. Passive Radio Frequency (RF) sensing is a promising technology to support the SDA mission, particularly due to its ability to operate 24/7 in all weather conditions. By observing the Doppler shift and angle of arrival of signals transmitted by satellites, their orbit can be determined. This paper describes an algorithm for Doppler estimation and demonstrates its efficacy for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The algorithm can effectively estimate Doppler for both continuous and intermittent satellite transmissions.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127790844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A heterogeneous tactical cloud architecture for emergency services search and rescue operations","authors":"K. Yego, M. Thyer, Tyson Jones, R. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282376","url":null,"abstract":"With an increased adoption of uninhabited platforms in tactical environments such as search and rescue operations the proliferation of tactical assets equipped with advanced computing, sensing and networking capabilities becomes complex to manage. Edge/tactical cloud architectures provide the necessary automation processes for managing and scaling services and applications deployed across a larger number of platforms. However, size weight and power restrictions on tactical platforms leads to a heterogeneity in deployed infrastructure for both compute capabilities and available network bearers which raises complexities that need to be addressed by the underlying cloud infrastructure. In this paper we propose and demonstrate a heterogeneous cloud architecture used for a search and rescue training operation conducted by Surf Life Saving South Australia in collaboration with the Defence Science and Technology Group.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117341309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"BGP based Software Defined Networks for Resilient Combat Cloud","authors":"H. Nguyen, K. Yego, Christos Sioutis","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282379","url":null,"abstract":"It is expected that future tactical warfighting functions, such as tactical picture management and sensor tasking, will be distributed applications running on different systems, connected via a network. Recently, an air force fifth generation network has been proposed where airborne networks are linked with other domains to form a multi-domain network supporting a combat cloud. There are many challenges in building such networks. We propose in this paper a software-defined multi-domain network (SD-DMN) architecture that provides resilient multi-domain networks. Our proposed architecture consists of a software defined communication system to integrate multiple bearers and a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) control plane for connectivity, traffic and policy management. Using this unique architecture, we develop an algorithm provides multiple reliable transmission paths between any two nodes. Network emulation experiments have been conducted using the Mininet emulation software. The Mininet experiments and prototype implementation validate the feasibility of our proposals.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132313101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Klement Streit, Eike Viehmann, Florian Steuber, G. Rodosek
{"title":"Improving Routing with Up-to-date and Full Topology Knowledge in MANETs","authors":"Klement Streit, Eike Viehmann, Florian Steuber, G. Rodosek","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282381","url":null,"abstract":"Robust and reliable routing decisions are enablers to minimize redundancy and to optimize throughput. This might be nice to have in non-time critical transmissions but required in QoS related data delivery, like VoIP and video calls. MANETs, are error-prone considering their wireless and mobile nature. Relying on an up-to-date and complete topology overview makes routing easier and more efficient and also facilitates mentioned routing goals. MANETs must consider interference if routing follows Ford-Fulkerson's objective to compute maximum throughput. However, preconditions must be met before one optimizes flow distributions. Such major precondition in the field of MANETs is an algorithm that constructs a graph equal to the actual MANET topology. This graph must be complete and almost instant in terms of connections and construction to guarantee that each node's position does not deviate from its actual. We centralize the routing, inspired by SDN advancements, to a controller that obtains the topology by triggering an algorithm, called RFTKR. Nodes assemble a tree, having the controller as their root while gathering neighborhood information. Afterwards, they convey their adjacent lists towards the controller. We present a proof-of-concept evaluation with microcontrollers and discuss the scalability of RFTKR with an extensive simulation.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123161906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Minimising the Network Detection Probability Using Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"A. Coyle, Benjamin Campbell, R. Hunjet","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282373","url":null,"abstract":"To minimise the probability of detection of a military network the power received at a distant point should be reduced. This can be achieved in various ways. Topology control has been shown to be able to reduce transmission power in these networks, lowering the network's RF power footprint and so the probability of detection. This paper looks at how positioning autonomous vehicles can also be used to further reduce the received power at a adversary position and hence the probability of detection. An algorithm for this positioning is described and results presented.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114903702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the enhancement of TCP/IP protocol for use in High Frequency Communication Systems","authors":"A. Dmello, Ernest Foo, Jason Reid, D. Jayalath","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282375","url":null,"abstract":"High Frequency (HF) communications is widely utilised in military, safety and amateur radio systems. Utilising HF communication channels for TCP/IP is highly constrained due to the characteristics of the channel which are presented as low link reliability, limited bandwidth and high transmission delays. Low link reliability is the effect of error prone behavior of HF channels which are governed by physics and environmental conditions. Various implementations of Wideband HF (WBHF) provide additional bandwidth but the low reliability still pose a challenge for TCP/IP communications. In this paper, we present a novel TCP named HF-TCP which is an enhanced version of the standard TCP to provide better performance on HF communication channels. HF-TCP modifies key parameters of TCP to allow TCP sessions to remain open over an extended period of time while the low-data is transmitted with induced delays. Results from experiments show improvements in transmission success rate of 24 percent over standard TCP which failed to initiate or maintain communication. The proposed HF-TCP is backward compatible with generic Local Area Networks (LAN) and wide Area Networks (WAN).","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130689654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS) - Copyright notice","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/milcis49828.2020.9282370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/milcis49828.2020.9282370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122231572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiment Design for Complex Immersive Visualisation","authors":"D. Clark, B. Turnbull","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282380","url":null,"abstract":"Experimentation focused on assessing the value of complex visualisation approaches when compared with alternative methods for data analysis is challenging. The interaction between participant prior knowledge and experience, a diverse range of experimental or real-world data sets and a dynamic interaction with the display system presents challenges when seeking timely, affordable and statistically relevant experimentation results. This paper outlines a hybrid approach proposed for experimentation with complex interactive data analysis tools, specifically for computer network traffic analysis. The approach involves a structured survey completed after free engagement with the software platform by expert participants. The survey captures objective and subjective data points relating to the experience with the goal of making an assessment of software performance which is supported by statistically significant experimental results. This work is particularly applicable to field of network analysis for cyber security and also military cyber operations and intelligence data analysis.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121661899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Marcus, J. Nilsson, Niranjan Suri, A. Hansson, M. Breedy, Roberto Fronteddu, Eelco Cramer
{"title":"Emulating Synchronized Cooperative Broadcast in the Anglova Scenario and EMANE","authors":"K. Marcus, J. Nilsson, Niranjan Suri, A. Hansson, M. Breedy, Roberto Fronteddu, Eelco Cramer","doi":"10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MilCIS49828.2020.9282377","url":null,"abstract":"Emulation environments are an effective approach to experimenting with and evaluating network protocols, algorithms, and components. However, implementing a complete waveform for an emulation environment requires a significant effort. This paper describes two simplified approaches to implement and include a Synchronized Cooperative Broadcast (SCB) waveform within the Anglova scenario and the EMANE network emulation framework. The result is two different implementations of SCB, having different levels of abstraction regarding the specific details of SCB and offering different capabilities. The SCB implementations are tested and compared in the militarily-realistic Anglova scenario. The performance of SCB is also theoretically estimated within the Anglova scenario as a baseline for comparison purposes. The results show that the approaches taken to emulate SCB within EMANE and the Anglova scenario perform as expected when compared to the theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":213565,"journal":{"name":"2020 Military Communications and Information Systems Conference (MilCIS)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116747712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}