Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences最新文献

{"title":"Estimating the economic efficiency of potato varieties grown in the fall season 2021 (Baghdad Governorate - Al-Nasr and Al-Salam district - an applied model)","authors":"M. M. Alzobaee, H. T. Al-Samurai","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to estimate the economic efficiency and estimate the amount of waste and the deficit in the use of production resources for potato varieties grown in the autumn season 2021 within Baghdad governorate using the data envelopment analysis method(DEA), The research relied on cross-sectional data collected randomly, including 181 farms, The results of the technical efficiency according to the stability of the capacity returns showed that the Redlove variety achieved the highest average efficiency (0.97), while according to the variable capacity returns the Paradise variety achieved the highest average efficiency (0.98), while the Ghalia variety achieved the highest average efficiency (0.99) according to the capacity efficiency, The results also showed that Redlove and Fuji cultivars achieved the highest average economic efficiency of (0.91, 0.90), respectively, Among the results of the study is also the existence of an excess in the use of production elements, foremost of which is the element of seeds, The study recommends the necessity of benefiting from the experience of potato farmers in cultivating the crop, especially cultivars (Redolph Hamra, Paradiso and Ghalia), and directing farmers towards the use of productive elements in the quantities that achieve economic efficiency and their components, and not to waste in the use of these elements.","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"20 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chelated iron and zinc application on some growth characteristics of cauliflower plant Brassica oleracea var.botrytis in gypsiferous soil","authors":"Ayad Y. AL- Qaisi, Ayad A. AL- Tikrity","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Afield experiment was conducted out during Autumn agricultural season 2021-2022 at research station of soil sciences department and water resources, Agriculture collage, University of Tikrit. This study was established to investigate the effect of ground fertilizer with chelated iron and Zinc on growth characteristics of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var.botrytis)  in gypsum soil. It was carried out using randomized complete block design (RCBD). Two factors were included in this study, first factor was micronized chelated iron (Fe-EDDHA) added in three levels (0,4,8) Kg per ha-1, namely (F0, F1, F2) respectively, concentration of iron in this product was 6%. Second factor was micronized chelated Zinc (ZnEDTA) added in four levels (0,1,2,4) Kg per ha-1, namely (Zn0, Zn1, Zn2, Zn3) respectively, concentration of zinc in this product was 19%. Results showed that adding chelated iron to the ground in recommended quantity (Fe2)led to a significant increase in stem diameter (52.95 cm), number of leaves (27.21 leaf plant-1), plant height (80.81 cm), leaf area (66307 cm2), and relative chlorophyll (1.01 mg g-1). Results also showed that the addition of ground chelated zinc twice the recommended amount(Zn3) led to a significant increase in stem diameter amounted to (53.66 cm), number of leaves amounted to (27.15 leaf plant-1), plant height reached (82.42 cm) and leaf area reached (67224 cm2). Results of the research showed that interaction between chelated iron and zinc led to a significant increase, treatment (Zn3Fe2) excelled in stem diameter (54.06 cm), number of leaves (28.60 leaf plant-1), plant height (86.20 cm), leaf area (72830 cm2), and relative chlorophyll (1.08 mg g-1).","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"11 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140361287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of various sources of calcium in the diets of broiler and its effects on carcass and some meat quality","authors":"Kamaran Khattab Karim, N. Abdulla","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The study  was aimed to assess the impact of adding eggshells as calcium sources in broiler diets on carcass traits, meat quality, and chemical composition ,three hundred one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly designed  CRD . Each treatment included five replications and each replicate containing twenty birds. The dietary of first  treatment was  control (0% eggshell) the second and the third treatments were  eggshell powder as a replacement for limestone at 50% and 100%, respectively.  .The chickens were fed a basal diet during the starting and finished periods. Ten broilers were chosen randomly from each treatment group and slaughtered at  age  42 days to evaluate meat quality. The results showed that no significant differences (p< 0.05) between treatments regarding pre-slaughter in live body weight, carcass weight, and percentage of each carcass cuts weight, as well as immunological organs such as the spleen and bursa. However, a substantial difference in dressing percentage was observed. Except for pH, yellowness, and chroma, no significant differences  were noticed in drip loss, cooking loss, lightness, redness, color  ,tenderness. Meanwhile, the bird chemical composition treatments had no significant differences in moisture, protein, and ash percentages. However, there was a considerable change in fat %. Except for broilers' pH, yellowness, and chroma, the substitution of eggshell powder for limestone resulted in comparable carcass characteristics, chemical composition, and meat quality. However, there was a significantly differ in fat %. Except for broilers' pH, yellowness, and chroma, the substitution of eggshell powder for limestone resulted in comparable  of some carcass characteristics, chemical composition, and meat quality.","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140359434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Shading, GA3 and NPK fertilizer on the growth and development of Myrtle Myrtus communis plants.","authors":"Hizrat Mohammed Qasim, Y. Hammo","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted during the period between 23th September 2021 to 1st July 2022, in the nursery of Duhok University, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Aiming to evaluate effect of the Shade (0 and 50) %, Gibberellic acid (0, 250, and 500) mg.l-1 and three levels of NPK fertilizer control (0, 0, 0), low (150, 100, 75), and high (300,200,150) mg.l-1 on the growth and development for Myrtle (Myrtus communis) plants. This experiment was performed by use randomized complete block design (RCBD). The best results include the following: 50% shade significantly increased the plant height (36.21) cm, leaf area (4.41) cm2, total chlorophyll (57.41) spad, vegetative dry weight (14.62) gm, plant growth index (9230) cm3 and number of premier tricussate shoots (14.37) branch/plant compared with 0%. spray with 500 mg.l-1 GA3 significantly increased plant height (35.58) cm, number of branches, leaf area (2.84) cm2, total chlorophyll (57.28) spad, dry weight (13.67) gm, plant growth index (8098) cm3, number of premier tricussate shoots (14.37) branch/plant. Also used NPK fertilizer caused significantly increase in all these traits, the best interaction treatment among the three factors include 50% shade with 500 mg.l-1 GA3 and (300,200,150) mg.l-1 NPK that gave the highest significant values for the plant height (43.53) cm, leaf area (4.53) cm2, total chlorophyll (64.57) spad, vegetative dry weight (20.27) gm, plant growth index (15580) cm3 and number of premier tricussate shoots (20.67) branch/plant compared with control (0 shade, 0 GA3, (0,0, 0) mg.l-1) .","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140359676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple Preservation Method of Bird Feces for DNA Analysis: A Case Study on Chicken and Quail","authors":"Ahmed Khalid, Nagam Khudhair, J. Ngatia, Le Zhang, Yan Chun Xu","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Standardized methods for fecal sample collection and safe long-distance transportation for DNA extraction are yet to be identified. We compared four different preservation methods for bird fecal samples: storage in 75% and 100% ethanol, freezing at −20°C, and immersing in 100% ethanol for 3 weeks followed by drying the samples for more than 60 days and transporting them to another country. Our objectives were to quantify the DNA concentration and amplify a fragment of the gene from each sample successfully using the primers mcb398 and mcb869 through DNA barcoding. Our data showed that the method of sample preservation used affected the DNA concentration and amplification. The best results were achieved when the samples were preserved in 100% ethanol. The samples were then dried for storage prior to further processing. This method is inexpensive and safe for long-distance transportation and at airports.","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"35 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy of Decise and Rosmarinus afficinalis oil with Brevibacillus laterosporus and their mixtures against the larvae of the cotton thistle worm Earias insulana (Boisd) in vitro","authors":"Salih Khalaf, Mohammed Sh Mansor, Abdullah A Hassan","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"انطباع _ \u0000دراسة لتقييم مدى توافق زيت نبات إكليل الجبل والفطر R.afficinalis و B. laterosporus مع يرقات دودة القطن الشوك E. زيادة أعداد المستعمرات البكتيرية حيث بلغت 18.26 و 30.43 خلية بكتيرية / مل بالمبيد للتركيز الموصى به وأقل من الموصى به 3.47 و 25.21 و 34.78 و 47.82 و 59.13 خلية بكتيرية / مل مع زيت الإكليل لتركيزات (1000 ، 2000 ، 3000 ، 4000 ، 5000) مجم / لتر تفاعل علاج البكتيريا فقط بتركيز 1.9 × 10مبيدات الآفات بتركيز 400 ملجم / لتر وزيت إكليل الجبل بتركيز 5000 ملجم / لتر أعطت أعلى معدلات وفيات بلغت 63.33 و 66.66 و 53.33٪ على التوالي بعد خمسة أيام من المعاملة ، تليها نفس التركيزات أعلاه. بمعدل وفيات 70.00 و 80.00 و 63.33٪ على التوالي بعد سبعة أيام من العلاج بينما لم يسجل معدل وفيات لعلاج البكتريا وزيت إكليل الجبل بتركيز 1.9 × 10 6و 1000 مجم / لتر بعد يوم واحد. أعطى تفاعل مخاليط تركيز المبيد مع البكتيريا عند 400 مجم / لتر والمبيد بالزيت 400 مجم / لتر وزيت إكليل الجبل مع البكتيريا عند 5000 مجم / لتر أعلى معدلات موت 90.00 و 93.33 و 76.66 ٪ ، على التوالي ، يليها تركيز 400 مجم / لتر من المبيد مع البكتيريا. و 400 ملجم / لتر بالزيت و 5000 ملجم / لتر للزيت بالبكتيريا والتي بلغت 70.00 و 73.33 و 66.66٪ على التوالي ، بينما كانت أقل نسبة نفوق بتركيزات 200 ملجم / لتر للمبيد بالبكتيريا والزيت. و 1000 ملجم / لتر للمستخلص مع البكتيريا حيث بلغت 6.66 و 10.00 و 0.00٪ على التوالي. أظهرت نتائج المطابقة أن زيت ديزاين وإكليل الجبل ، R.B. laterosporus . ، بينما زادت نتائج معدلات وفيات الحشرات مع مدة التعرض خلال سبعة أيام لكل من العلاجات وخليطها ، وهذا يعطي كفاءة جيدة للمبيد والزيوت مع البكتيريا تجاه حشرة E.insulana التي تدخل في الحديث اتجاهات الإدارة المتكاملة للآفات.                                                                                                                                 ","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"18 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studying the cumulative vigor response index of morpho-physiological, quality, and yield-related traits of wheat cultivars using planting dates","authors":"Salah Hamid Jumaa, Iqtdar Khudair Al-mafraji, Abdullah Hassn Mohammed, Firas Ahmed Alsajri, S. Sah, N. Kakar, Chathurika Wijewardana, Bhupinder Singh","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) is one of the major staple food crops consumed globally. Nonetheless, the cultivation of wheat is influenced by various environmental factors, with the planting date being significantly impacted by the effects of climate change. Addressing these changes could involve evaluating wheat genotypes to identify appropriate planting dates. A phenotypic screening experiment was conducted in the field crop station of Agriculture College of Tikrit University to determine the suitable planting time for wheat cultivars under local environmental conditions during 2022-23. Several morpho-physiological, quality, and yield traits were measured. Factorial experiment using spilt plot through randomized completely block design (RCBD). was used with three replications. The five planting dates (5-10, 25-10, 15-11, 5-12, and 25-12) were considered as the main plot, and the eight wheat cultivars (Ipaa99, Al-Rasheed, Al-Baraka, Sham6, Tammuz2, Al-Hashimiya, Al-Noor, and Al-Adnanieh) as sub-main plot. Data were used to calculate the Individual, Cumulative, and Total Vigor Response Indices (IRI, CRI & TRI). Cultivars were classified into different categories using total cumulative early or late planting date vigor response index values (TRI-e) or (TRI-l) and standard deviation (SD). The (TRI-e) values ranged from 36.07 (sensitive) for the cultivar Al-Baraka to 39.13 (tolerant) for the cultivar Al-Hashimiya. However, the (TRI-l) values ranged from 36.59 (sensitive) for the cultivar Al-Noor to 39.52 (tolerant) for the cultivar Al-Hashimiya. The correlation coefficient (r2) between the (TRI-e) and cumulative very early/early planting date vigor response index was positively correlated (r2 = 0.70 for very early planting date (5-Oct) and r2 = 0.60 for early planting date (25-Oct). Furthermore, 76% of the total variation in the (TRI-l) was explained by the cumulative very late planting date vigor response index (CRI-vl) while just 49% of the total variation was explained by the cumulative late planting date vigor response index (CRI-l). Based on those results, wheat producers could select either tolerant cultivars for early planting or tolerant cultivars for late planting to maximize wheat production in their specific growing environments including planting dates.","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"29 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140359013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of peatmoss and polymer on moisture characteristic curve of soils with different gypsum and clay contents","authors":"Raghad B. Al-Asafi, I. K. Al-Hadeethi","doi":"10.25130/tjas.24.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.24.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the hydraulic properties of several soils with varying clay and gypsum contents and treatments with peat moss and polymer, a laboratory experiment was done. Gypsum ratios varied from 410 g kg-1 to 46 g kg-1, while clay ratios ranged from 0 to 435 g kg-1. Two soils were employed, one having 410 g kg-1 of gypsum and the other containing 435 g kg-1 of clay. Peat moss and a polymer were used to treat the five soils. Three soaking and drying cycles were performed on soil that had been treated with conditioners by packing it into plastic columns that were 5 cm in diameter and 25 cm high with a bulk density of 1.3 mcg m3. The experiment's goal was to improve the ability of gypsiferous soils to retain water. The moisture characteristic curves were computed using the connection between the volumetric moisture content () and the matric tension, which ranged between 0.1 and 1500 kPa. The results revealed that the values of for the study's soil and treatment methods decreased as matric tension increased, and the discrepancies were more pronounced at low tensions. With rising gypsum and falling clay, the values of decreased. As gypsum was raised from 46 to 410 g kg-1, the values of the available water reduced from 0.276 cm3 cm-3 to 0.191 cm3 cm-3. The addition of peat moss (1%), polymer 1 (2%), and a combination of the two clearly increased the amount of water that was accessible while also changing the amounts of clay and gypsum in all treatments.","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":"29 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The DRIS methodology to determine the best balance of Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium levels on the yield of Chickpea plant (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Yahya Abd Almunim Abd Sabri, A. Dizayee","doi":"10.25130/tjas.23.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.23.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted during the spring growing season of 2020 conducted in the field at the Grdarasha farm field of Agricultural Engineering College, Salahaddin University in Erbil, located in the south of Erbil city, Latitude: 36.11284 N, Longitude: 44.01247 E. The soil texture class was silty clay loam, the type of soil vertisols, to study the effect of four levels of phosphorus TSP (0, 20, 40, 60) Kg P. ha-1,Three levels of K (0, 15, 30) Kg K. ha-1, and Three levels of N (0, 15, 30) Kg N. ha-1. There combination of yield components and nutrient balance of chickpea plants by using DRIS methodology, by using; split split block design with three factors (N, P, and K) 36 treatment with 3 replicates was used. The main results could be summarized as The combination between Nain plot potassium, Sub main plot nitrogen, and Sub sub main plot phosphorus levels affected the yield of the chickpea plant significant also the maximum yield was recorded in treatment combination (K2N1P2) was (1.55Mg ha-1). Whereas the lowest mean value (0.73Mg ha-1) was recorded from the treatment combination (K0N0P0). The combined effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on nutrient balance indices (NBI) and yield in chickpea plants. The lowest nutrient balance index was recorded from the treatment combination (K2N1P2).","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139135802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of the best model for predicting soil available phosphorus based on soil organic carbon","authors":"Sanaa Hama Gharib Faraj, Kamal Hama Karim, Razan Omar Ali","doi":"10.25130/tjas.23.4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25130/tjas.23.4.8","url":null,"abstract":"There are several methods for determining the determination of soil available phosphorous. These methods require many chemicals and different devices, and determining soil available phosphorous in the laboratory is difficult, time-consuming, and costly. Consequently, pedotransfer functions more suitable and economical were used to predict the soil available phosphorous(AP) from soil organic carbon (OC). To predict soil available phosphorous (AP) from soil organic carbon (OC), five models were utilized, including exponential, linear, logarithmic, polynomial, and power models. Soil AP was predicted as a function of soil OC. The soil AP determined by laboratory tests was compared with the predicted soil AP based on the AP-soil OC model using the Bland-Altman method. The 95% limits of agreement for comparison of soil AP were determined with laboratory tests, and the soil AP pedotransfer function was computed at -1.707 and 1.542 mg kg -1. The mean soil AP difference between the two methods was - 0.083 mg kg -1. The polynomial model (AP = 38.173 - 4.462 x OC+ 0.146 x OC2) is given the best fit to predict soil available phosphorus, due to its high R2 (0.868) and low RMSE (0.846).","PeriodicalId":213230,"journal":{"name":"Tikrit journal for agricultural sciences","volume":" 566","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139136853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}