Revista Paulista De Pediatria最新文献

{"title":"HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE IN PEDIATRICS: A CASE SERIES","authors":"Oscar Javier León Guerra, R. Rodríguez, William Javier Morales Camacho, J. Ortiz, María Alejandra Morales Camacho","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018065","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a case series of four (4) patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in a level four complexity institution in the city of Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Cases description: We describe cases of four patients who presented respiratory symptoms and fever. All four patients were in regular conditions on hospital admission, after which they required intensive care and ventilatory support. Upon admission, three cases showed evidence of pleuropulmonary complication. Penicillin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in all cases. All patients presented anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, schistocytes on peripheral blood smear, and hyperazotemia. They required blood transfusion and renal replacement therapy during their hospitalization. The patients were diagnosed with hemolytic uremic syndrome due to S. pneumoniae. Three of the four patients had a progressive recovery of the renal function and were discharged after an average of 36 days of hospital stay. The remaining patient had two amputations in the extremities due to thrombotic vascular complications and was discharged after 99 days of hospital stay, requiring hemodialysis every other day. Comments: Hemolytic uremic syndrome due to Streptococcus pneumoniae is a rare but severe complication of invasive pneumococcal disease. Complicated pneumonia is the main condition associated with this entity. It is noteworthy the short period in which these cases were presented, considering the low annual incidence of the disease.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR INDICATORS IN SOUTH-AMERICAN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN","authors":"P. H. Guerra, V. B. Barbosa Filho, Angélica Almeida, Letícia de Souza Silva, Marcelo Tedesco Vidal Pinto, Renan Martinelli Leonel, E. H. Ribeiro, A. Florindo","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To summarize indicators and describe in detail the methods used to physical activity and sedentary behavior measurement in South American preschool children. Data source: In 2017, we searched for articles on researches carried out in South American countries, which presented physical activity and/or sedentary behavior indicators in children aged two to six years. These searches were conducted in Spanish, English, and Portuguese in four electronic databases (LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science), Google Scholar, and in reference lists. Data summary: Out of 416 articles initially assessed, 13 composed the descriptive summary. Samples from Argentina, Brazil, and Chile were included. Three articles provided accelerometer-based estimates of moderate physical activity: 32, 70.1, and 71.3 minutes per day. The mean total sedentary behavior was 468.3 and 562.9 minutes per day and, considering the cut-off point of 2 hours per day of screen time, we found the following prevalence rates: 39.4, 40.3, and 100%. The studies adopted a wide number of instruments and strategies to evaluate those behaviors. Conclusions: Although the summary has pointed to high exposure to sedentary behavior in preschool children, with particular focus on screen time, it is essential to broaden the discussion and approximate the methods used to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior, making the evidence more comparable and strong, so as to elaborate preventive strategies and actions.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47069633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GUT MICROBIOTA AND THE USE OF PROBIOTICS IN CONSTIPATION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Daiane Oliveira Vale San Gomes, M. B. Morais","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018123","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a systematic review of literature data on gut microbiota and the efficacy of probiotics for the treatment of constipation in children and adolescents. Data source: The research was performed in the PubMed, the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and the Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) databases in English, Portuguese and Spanish. All original articles that mentioned the evaluation of the gut microbiota or the use of probiotics in children with constipation in their title and abstract were selected. Data synthesis: 559 articles were found, 47 of which were selected for reading. From these, 12 articles were included; they studied children and adolescents divided into two categories: a gut microbiota evaluation (n=4) and an evaluation of the use of probiotics in constipation therapy (n=8). The four papers that analyzed fecal microbiota used different laboratory methodologies. No typical pattern of gut microbiota was found. Regarding treatment, eight clinical trials with heterogeneous methodologies were found. Fifteen strains of probiotics were evaluated and only one was analyzed in more than one article. Irregular beneficial effects of probiotics have been demonstrated in some manifestations of constipation (bowel frequency or consistency of stool or abdominal pain or pain during a bowel movement or flatulence). In one clinical trial, a complete control of constipation without the use of laxatives was obtained. Conclusions: There is no specific pattern of fecal microbiota abnormalities in constipation. Despite the probiotics’ positive effects on certain characteristics of the intestinal habitat, there is still no evidence to recommend it in the treatment of constipation in pediatrics.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47144928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OVERWEIGHT IN ADOLESCENTS: FOOD INSECURITY AND MULTIFACTORIALITY IN SEMIARID REGIONS OF PERNAMBUCO","authors":"Natália Fernandes dos Santos, P. Lira, Fernanda Cristina de Lima Pinto Tavares, Vanessa Sá Leal, J. S. Oliveira, Jussara Tavares Pessoa, P. Cabral, E. C. Costa","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018177","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate context of overweight adolescents from the semiarid and rural areas of Pernambuco, considering the multifactorial nature of the determinants of being overweight, and the food and nutritional insecurity conditions of the region. Methods: A population based cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2015. The nutritional status of adolescents was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and classified by the BMI/Age indicator, according to sex. To analyze the factors associated with being overweight, the variables were grouped into: socioeconomic, demographic, environmental, lifestyle, psychological, biological and food and nutritional security. Poisson regression was used to verify the association between being overweight and independent variables. Results: The prevalence of excessive weight found was 20.1%, namely: 13.4% overweight and 6.7% obese. After adjusting for the confounding variables, the variables: occupancy situation (rented house), alcohol consumption, food security and light food insecurity, body perception (overweight and obese) and age range (10 to 14 years), were associated with being overweight. High food and nutritional insecurity was identified in 80.4% of the population. The moderate and severe forms were more frequent, and precarious social conditions were still prevalent in the region. Conclusions: The prevalence of being overweight was high, exceeding the expected for a population with better living conditions. The determinants of being overweight were: alcohol consumption, occupancy situation, self-perceived weight, age and food security/mild food insecurity.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41921558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EMOTIONAL REPERCUSSIONS AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS OR AFTER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION","authors":"A. Rotella, R. Nascimento, M. F. Camargo, P. K. Nogueira","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018221","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the emotional repercussions and quality of life (QOL) associated with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in children and adolescents undergoing hemodialysis or a kidney transplant (TX). Methods: We conducted a quantitative-qualitative study. 48 children and adolescents with ESKD were interviewed; half of them underwent hemodialysis treatment, and the other half had a kidney transplantation. Their respective 48 caregivers also participated in the study. The questionnaire involved both the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and a thematic story-drawing tool. An analysis of the QOL questionnaire’s results was done by comparing the sum of points between groups and the theme-based story-drawing consisted of interpreting the data contained in the material using Freudian and Lacanian theories. Results: In the QOL questionnaires, the total score was higher in the transplanted patients and in their caregivers, suggesting a perception of better QOL after kidney transplantation. In the specific aspects of the questionnaire, physical capacity was considered superior by children who underwent transplants and their caregivers. There were no differences between the groups in the emotional, social and school aspects. However, the caregivers of the patients who had a transplant perceived a significant difference in QOL in the school aspect. In the thematic story-drawings, emotional suffering in the two analyzed groups was evidenced regardless of the treatment. Conclusions: Despite the questionnaire results suggesting that transplantation does improve some aspects of QOL, there were no differences observed between kidney replacement therapies regarding the emotional repercussion of chronic kidney disease.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44574466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MATERNAL AND FETAL RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH LATE PRETERM INFANTS","authors":"Luísa Krusser Vanin, H. Zatti, Thaise Soncini, R. D. Nunes, Louise Staudt Siqueira","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018136","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To determine maternal and fetal risk factors associated with the birth of late preterm infants in comparison to those born at term. Methods: A case-control study was carried out in a tertiary center for high-risk pregnancies. For the cases, the study enrolled post-partum mothers and their respective newborns with gestational ages equal or greater than 34 weeks and less than 37 weeks. As controls, the post-partum mothers and their newborns with gestational ages of 37 weeks or greater were selected. The sample was calculated with a ratio of two controls for each case, resulting in 423 patients. Association studies were performed using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The variables associated with late prematurity were inadequate prenatal (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.23; confidence interval of 95% [95%CI] 1.12-1.34; p≤0.001), premature rupture of membranes (OR 4.98; 95%CI 2.66-9.31; p≤0.001), length of hospital stay ≥24 hours until birth (OR 0.18; 95%CI 0.06-0.52; p≤0.001), cesarean section (OR 2.74; 95%CI 1.69-4.44; p≤0.001) and small for gestational age newborn (OR 3.02; 95%CI 1.80-5.05; p≤0.001). Conclusions: Inadequate prenatal care and membranes’ premature rupture were found as factors associated with the late preterm birth. It is important to identify the factors that allow intervention with adequate prenatal care in order to reduce poor outcomes due to late prematurity.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46859616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RECURRENT SLEEP PARALYSIS - FEAR OF SLEEPING","authors":"Daniela Figueiredo Ramos, J. Magalhães, Paulo Santos, J. Vale, Maria Inês Santos","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018226","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To report a case of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP), a benign parasomnia with worrisome and frightening sleep paralysis episodes. Case description: We describe a case of RISP in a sixteen-year-old girl who seeks medical attention for anxiety symptoms. The sleep paralysis and associated auditory and tactile hallucinations began three years before with worsening in the last year, causing fear of sleeping. The episodes were intensely frightening causing negative impact in patient’s sleep, school performance and social function. Medical conditions were excluded, and she started treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor with complete resolution of symptoms. Comments: Sleep complaints are often devalued. Therefore, clinicians should actively ask their patients about their sleep during health assessment.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46093009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RISK FACTORS FOR ASTHMA: THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE BRAZILIAN NATIONAL RESEARCH ON HEALTH OF SCHOOLCHILDREN","authors":"A. Pastorino","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00020","url":null,"abstract":"The National Survey on the Health of Schoolchildren (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar PeNSE) is considered the largest study performed on schoolchildren in the country and is in its 3rd edition (2009, 2012 and 2015). It is carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística IBGE) in partnership with the Ministry of Health, and it aims to monitor the health conditions of students throughout the national territory. The survey consists of 120 structured questions on a smartphone, which are answered by the students themselves. It includes two questions about asthma that are similar to those developed in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire, asking about: symptoms of wheezing and if you have been diagnosed with asthma in the last 12 months. In 2012, about 106,983 adolescents in the 8th grade participated in the survey, and there was an estimated asthma prevalence of 23.2%. In 2015, this same survey included 102,072 students from public and private schools from all of the Brazilian states and the Federal District, and the estimated prevalence of asthma was 23.5% (95% CI 22.88 24.15), which shows that the effectiveness in controlling asthma among adolescents remains low.1,2 Asthma is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world, especially among children and adolescents. Genetic determinants cannot be considered the only factors that cause it. Environmental aspects are important in the development and onset of asthma attacks and were assessed based on several questions included in this research. The authors of the article entitled “Factors associated with asthma in Brazilian adolescents: The National Survey on the Health of Schoolchildren (PeNSE)”, 2012,3 studied the demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, food and environmental characteristics that could be potentially associated with asthma in a multivariate analysis model and, as expected, a series of independent variables were positive as risk factors for a multifactorial disease such as asthma. The PeNSE study was not designed specifically for asthma, and many other issues regarding disease evolution or environmental and personal factors were not studied, especially with regard to being sensitized to the most common allergens in the air. Knowing the risk factors for asthma in the adolescent population is a first step for public health policies to be implemented at regional and national levels.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":"37 1","pages":"396 - 397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43470661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FATHERS' PARTICIPATION IN NEONATAL UNITS: AN ONGOING PROCESS.","authors":"Zeni Carvalho Lamy","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00020","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;3;00020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":"37 1","pages":"262-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6868546/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46602704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXERGAMES IN ADOLESCENTS: ASSOCIATED FACTORS AND POSSIBLE REDUCTION IN SEDENTARY TIME","authors":"Iazana Garcia Custódio, A. Hino, Cristiano Copetti Rodriguez, É. Camargo, R. Reis","doi":"10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/;2019;37;4;00019","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the use of exergames, associated factors and to quantify the time attributed to the use of exergames within the time spent on video games in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated frequency and weekly volume of physical activities using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Weekly frequency and daily time of use of exergames and videogames were self-reported. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare the time spent playing exergames, and Poisson regression was used to test the associations (p<0.05). Results: 495 adolescents were interviewed (51.3% girls), predominantly aged between 12 and 13 years (41.3%), under/normal weight (60.4%), medium socioeconomic status (39.8 %) and from public schools (69.3%). Most of the participants did not have video games in their bedroom (74.3%) and did not reach recommended levels of physical activity (55.5%). One in five adolescents used exergames (16.4%). Age (RP: 0.54; 95%CI 0.30-0.97, p=0.039) and having a console in the bedroom (RP: 1.89; 95%CI 1.27- 2.81, p=0.002) were associated with exergame use. Male sex (X_: 195.0; AIQ: 486.3; p=0.024) practice of leisure time physical activity (X_: 160.0; AIQ: 350.0; p=0.048) were associated with weekly volume of exergame use. Conclusions: Overall, less than two out of ten adolescents used exergames, and the use was higher among young adolescents and those who had a console in their bedrooms. Volume of use was higher among boys and those performing more than five hours of leisure time physical activity per week. In addition, a considerable part of the time devoted to the use of video games, was in fact, destined to the use of exergames.","PeriodicalId":21311,"journal":{"name":"Revista Paulista De Pediatria","volume":"37 1","pages":"442 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45742979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}