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International Stroke Conference 2009. Highlights From the International Stroke Conference 2009, February 18-20, 2009, San Diego, CA. 国际中风会议2009。2009年2月18-20日，加州圣地亚哥，国际中风会议亮点
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Antonio Culebras
{"title":"International Stroke Conference 2009. Highlights From the International Stroke Conference 2009, February 18-20, 2009, San Diego, CA.","authors":"Antonio Culebras","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 2","pages":"E72-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28294751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage (hematomyelia). 脊髓髓内出血(血液病)。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Andrea N Leep Hunderfund, Eelco F M Wijdicks
{"title":"Intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage (hematomyelia).","authors":"Andrea N Leep Hunderfund,&nbsp;Eelco F M Wijdicks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage (hematomyelia) is an uncommon cause of myelopathy and can present in an acute, subacute, stepwise, or chronic fashion. Spinal vascular malformations such as intramedullary cavernomas and intradural arteriovenous malformations are the most common cause of atraumatic intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage based on the existing literature. Additional considerations include warfarin or heparin anticoagulation, hereditary or acquired bleeding disorders, primary spinal cord tumors, spinal cord metastases, Gowers' intrasyringal hemorrhage, or a delayed complication of spinal radiation. Prompt diagnosis of hematomyelia first requires recognition of a myelopathy syndrome (transverse, central, anterior, posterior, or hemi-cord) often accompanied by sudden, severe back or neck pain and sometimes radicular pain. MRI with and without gadolinium is the preferred imaging modality. There are no clinical trials to guide the management of acute intramedullary spinal cord hemorrhage, and subsequent treatment is usually directed toward the underlying cause.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 2","pages":"E54-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28295285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contraception for women with epilepsy. 癫痫妇女的避孕措施。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Evren Burakgazi, Cynthia Harden, John J Kelly
{"title":"Contraception for women with epilepsy.","authors":"Evren Burakgazi,&nbsp;Cynthia Harden,&nbsp;John J Kelly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The choice of a contraceptive drug can be challenging for women with epilepsy due to possible interactions between antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and hormonal contraception. Enzyme-inducing AEDs can cause hormonal contraception to fail and can increase the risk of teratogenicity. Higher doses of oral contraceptives can overcome pharmacologic failure but may create additional risks. The effects of reproductive hormones on individual AEDs have recently been clarified, providing helpful guidelines for physicians and patients. Studies show that lamotrigine has a significantly increased clearance (> 50%) when used with combined oral contraceptives, which results in an increased seizure frequency in most patients. Useful alternatives to oral contraceptives include depot injections and intrauterine devices. Subdermal implants may increase the risk of pregnancy in women with epilepsy on enzyme-inducing AEDs. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate is effective but can increase side effects. Intrauterine devices are an alternative to pharmacologic approaches because they lack drug-drug interactions and side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 2","pages":"E62-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28295286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Migraine: migraine headache pathogenesis in historical perspective. 偏头痛:从历史角度看偏头痛的发病机制。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Egilius L H Spierings
{"title":"Migraine: migraine headache pathogenesis in historical perspective.","authors":"Egilius L H Spierings","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 2","pages":"E77-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28294753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Neurofibromatoses. Part 1: NF1. Neurofibromatoses。第一部分:NF1。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Christine Lu-Emerson, Scott R Plotkin
{"title":"The Neurofibromatoses. Part 1: NF1.","authors":"Christine Lu-Emerson,&nbsp;Scott R Plotkin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neurofibromatoses, including neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2), and schwannomatosis, comprise a group of genetically distinct disorders of the nervous system unified by the predisposition to nerve sheath tumors. NF1 is the most common neurogenetic disorder, with a birth incidence of 1 in 3000. NF1 is inherited in auto-somal dominant fashion with full penetrance and variable expressivity. The hallmark lesion of NF1 is the neurofibroma, a benign tumor derived from the nerve sheath and composed of a mixture of proliferating Schwann cells, fibroblasts, mast cells, and pericytes. Other findings include gliomas, learning disability, vasculopathy, and bony abnormalities. Café au lait macules are typically the initial clinical manifestation of NF1 and tend to increase in size and number throughout childhood and puberty. Current treatment of patients with NF1 remains primarily surgical. Genetic counseling is essential for adult patients because molecular diagnostic testing can minimize the risk of transmission to children.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 2","pages":"E47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28295283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical features of sporadic fatal insomnia. 散发性致死性失眠的临床特征。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Jed A Barash
{"title":"Clinical features of sporadic fatal insomnia.","authors":"Jed A Barash","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in neuropathology, genotyping, and physiochemical characterization of proteins have allowed for the classification and verification of MM2-thalamic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). CJD is a fatal neurodegenerative illness belonging to the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, also known as prion diseases. Sporadic CJD is generally classified by the genotype at codon 129 of the prion protein gene and the distinct physiochemical features of the pathologic prion protein (PrP(sc)). The entity is characterized by methionine homozygosity at codon 129, type 2 PrP(sc), and, primarily, thalamic pathology (MM2-thalamic CJD). It shares clinical and pathologic similarities with the genetic prion disorder fatal familial insomnia; the MM2-thalamic phenotype has therefore been called sporadic fatal insomnia (SFI). SFI may also present like other neurodegenerative diseases, and common diagnostic findings that are seen in other forms of sporadic CJD may be absent.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 3","pages":"E87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28495666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A man in the barrel with neck pain. 一个脖子疼的人被关在桶里。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Farrah Mateen, Alex Rajput, Cory Toth, Derek Fladeland, Eelco F M Wijdicks
{"title":"A man in the barrel with neck pain.","authors":"Farrah Mateen,&nbsp;Alex Rajput,&nbsp;Cory Toth,&nbsp;Derek Fladeland,&nbsp;Eelco F M Wijdicks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 3","pages":"E101-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28495758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Headache - chronic cluster headache: preventive treatment. 头痛-慢性丛集性头痛:预防治疗。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Egilius L H Spierings
{"title":"Headache - chronic cluster headache: preventive treatment.","authors":"Egilius L H Spierings","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 4","pages":"E135-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28639087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease. 阿尔茨海默病基因检测的进展。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Katherine L Howard, Christopher M Filley
{"title":"Advances in genetic testing for Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Katherine L Howard,&nbsp;Christopher M Filley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common dementia in the elderly, continues to increase, neurologists will encounter a growing number of questions about genetic testing for dementia patients, their relatives, and people concerned about memory or cognitive function who have no apparent risk except advancing age. Until recently, clinical gene testing only included apolipoprotein E genotyping and testing for presenilin 1 mutations. In 2008, testing expanded to include the presenilin 2 and amyloid precursor protein genes. Despite these advances, genetic testing is currently not appropriate for most individuals diagnosed with AD and has limited utility for predictive purposes. Further research, however, is likely to expand the usefulness of this testing for both dementia patients and their relatives. If genetic testing is undertaken, thorough counseling, whether by the physician or a qualified genetic counselor, is an integral component of the testing process for both affected individuals and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28109733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Management of daily headache unresponsive to preventive treatment: daily triptans versus daily opioids. 对预防性治疗无反应的日常头痛的管理:每日曲坦类药物与每日阿片类药物。
Reviews in neurological diseases Pub Date : 2009-01-01
Kamila Piekos, Egilius L H Spierings
{"title":"Management of daily headache unresponsive to preventive treatment: daily triptans versus daily opioids.","authors":"Kamila Piekos,&nbsp;Egilius L H Spierings","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Daily headache affects an estimated 3% to 6% of the general population and affects women 2 to 3 times more frequently than men. The vast majority of daily headache is nonparoxysmal, or chronic daily headache. In the general population, the distribution of chronic tension-type headache and chronic migraine is fairly equal, but in medical practice chronic migraine accounts for the vast majority of nonparoxysmal daily headache. The first step in the management of chronic daily headache is to identify potential overuse of analgesic and vasoconstrictor medications. Preventive treatment is then initiated with a tricyclic antidepressant, beta-blocker, calcium-entry blocker, and/or anticonvulsant. Chronic migraine patients who are refractory to specific headache treatment may take a triptan frequently, if not daily, or a (long-acting) opioid. Both management strategies of refractory daily headache are controversial but appear safe and effective, although daily opioid treatment should be reserved for a relatively small, selected subpopulation. Through a practice survey, we looked at potential differences between daily (long-acting) opioid and daily triptan treatment in 53 patients. We found patient satisfaction with either treatment to be relatively favorable, although there was an implication that triptans outperform opioids in providing headache relief. However, it was also evident that in both treatment groups, despite the relatively positive patient satisfaction results, chronic migraine patients clearly continued to experience a negative impact from their headaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"6 4","pages":"E121-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28639084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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