Resources and Environment最新文献_第6页

Human Induced Variations of Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Taylor Creek in the Niger Delta, Bayelsa State, Nigeria 尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州尼日尔三角洲泰勒河部分物化参数的人为变化

Resources and Environment Pub Date : 2012-04-09 DOI: 10.5923/J.RE.20120202.07

J. AlagoaK., I. Aleleye-Wokoma

{"title":"Human Induced Variations of Selected Physicochemical Parameters of Taylor Creek in the Niger Delta, Bayelsa State, Nigeria","authors":"J. AlagoaK., I. Aleleye-Wokoma","doi":"10.5923/J.RE.20120202.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.RE.20120202.07","url":null,"abstract":"The physicochemistry of Taylor creek, Biseni, Bayelsa State was investigated in order to gauge the impact of human activities along the creek catchments on the creek integrity. Physicochemical parameters were investigated for one year, from November 2009 to October 2010. The creek was divided into six sampling zones located at Iturama, Tien and Kalama all in Biseni clan. Sampling was done monthly taking water samples. The physicochemical parameters investigated are pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), salinity, temperature, Alkalinity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), turbidity, Hardness, sulphate (SO4), phosphate (PO4), and Nitrate (NO3). Physico-chemical samples were collected using standard procedures and samples analyzed using standard techniques. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using the Microsoft Excel Descriptive Statistical Tool. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed at 95% confidence limit to test for the variability of parameters between seasons and stations. Result from the investigation reveals that there was a significant seasonal difference (p 0.05) in measured variables of salinity, DO, PO4 and SO4. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) across stations in all physicochemical variables except turbidity and pH which showed significant difference (p Kalama stations), while DO, hardness, alkalinity and EC were higher upstream than downstream of the creek (Kalama >Iturama). The mean EC, nitrate, BOD5, DO, hardness and alkalinity levels in the creek were higher in the wet season than in the dry season, while temperature, turbidity and pH Levels were lower in the wet season than the dry season. The mean salinity, PO4 and SO4 levels were the same for both wet and dry seasons. All physicochemical parameters were either within or below ranges of international permissible levels in water. This implies a satisfactory physicochemical regime during the study period, suggesting the creek still has a positive integrity to support aquatic life.","PeriodicalId":21136,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Environment","volume":"20 1","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75358276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Single Step Extractions of Metals in Coal Fly Ash 粉煤灰中金属的单步萃取

Resources and Environment Pub Date : 2012-04-09 DOI: 10.5923/J.RE.20120202.01

B. Lokeshappa, A. Dikshit

引用次数: 7

Soil Microarthropods in a Secondary Rainforest, Rivers State, Nigeria - IV- The Impact of Oil Pollution on Their Vertical Distribution 尼日利亚河流州次级雨林土壤微节肢动物研究——石油污染对其垂直分布的影响

Resources and Environment Pub Date : 2012-04-09 DOI: 10.5923/J.RE.20120202.03

S. Okiwelu, T. Gbarakoro, Chris O. Umeozor, Adetola M Badejo

{"title":"Soil Microarthropods in a Secondary Rainforest, Rivers State, Nigeria - IV- The Impact of Oil Pollution on Their Vertical Distribution","authors":"S. Okiwelu, T. Gbarakoro, Chris O. Umeozor, Adetola M Badejo","doi":"10.5923/J.RE.20120202.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.RE.20120202.03","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were undertaken, May, 2007-April, 2009, to document species richness, bioindicator species, abun- dance, density, vertical distribution, etc. of soil microarthropods (mites, collembolans) in unpolluted and polluted habitats in a secondary rainforest, Rivers State, Nigeria. This paper focuses on the effects of oil pollution on the vertical distribution of these mesofauna. Sampling was effected monthly by a bucket-type auger to a depth of 15.0cm in four habitat-types (un- polluted, polluted by oil spills approximately 1yr, 3yrs and 6yrs pre-study). The modified Bukard model of the Ber- lese-Tullgren funnel was used for extraction. Identifications were undertaken using standard keys and unidentified speci- mens were compared to type specimens. In the unpolluted and polluted (3 and 6yrs pre-study) habitats, there was an inverse relationship between mite/ collembolan abundance/density (except in the Prostigmata) and soil depth; however, the correla- tions were not significant. In contrast, there was a significant direct correlation between mite abundance/density and depth in the habitat, polluted 1yr pre-study (F=29.11; df=1.3; p 0.05). In the unpolluted habitat, approximately 90% of all collembolans were found above a depth of 10.0cm; this declined to 30% in the habitat, polluted 1yr pre-study, and rose to 50% and 85% in the habitats, polluted 3 and 6yrs pre-study.","PeriodicalId":21136,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Environment","volume":"82 1","pages":"14-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90306064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Constraints to Forest Policy Implementation in the Southwest Nigeria: Causes, Consequences and Cure 尼日利亚西南部森林政策实施的制约因素:原因、后果和对策

Resources and Environment Pub Date : 2012-04-09 DOI: 10.5923/J.RE.20120202.06

Faleyimu O. I, Agbeja B. O

{"title":"Constraints to Forest Policy Implementation in the Southwest Nigeria: Causes, Consequences and Cure","authors":"Faleyimu O. I, Agbeja B. O","doi":"10.5923/J.RE.20120202.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.RE.20120202.06","url":null,"abstract":"There are many hindrances to effective implementation of the forest policy in the South-Western Nigeria. This paper examines the constraints to forest policy implementation in the South-Western Nigeria and their impacts on forest development. Primary data were collected in the six States in Southwestern Nigeria. The States were stratified into thirty one Forestry Administrative Zones viz: Ekiti, 4; Lagos, 5; Ogun 4; Ondo, 8; Osun, 6; and Oyo, 4. One forest officer in charge of each zone and one in charge of each State headquarter were selected to give 37 Forest Officers. In addition, 10% registered timber contractors (94), registered sawmillers (167); plank sellers (115); and villagers within and outside the chosen forest reserves (97) totaling 510 respondents were randomly selected for enumeration using structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square (χ 2 ) at 0.01 level of significance. Constraints identified include: illegal felling and poaching (χ 2 = 333.74, p<0.01), lack of effective supervision and coordination (χ 2 = 28.72, p<0.01), in- adequate information from the policy makers (X 2 = 109.84, p<0.01), lack of complementary roles by all forestry stakeholders (χ 2 =84.03, p<0.01, non-encouragement of private forest plantation (χ 2 =36.28, p<0.01) and undefined forestry programmes (χ 2 =17.69, p<0.01) but with a low degree of dependence (V=0.27). In conclusion, it is recommended that if the on-going deforestation, forest depletion and degradation are to be curbed, it is essential to have a proactive and forward-looking poli- cies anticipating economic, social and environmental changes to guide the development of the forest sector.","PeriodicalId":21136,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Environment","volume":"48 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78731308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Effects of Soil pH on Elymus Repens Growth and Tissue Nutrients 土壤pH值对羊草再生生长及组织养分的影响

Resources and Environment Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.5923/J.RE.20110101.03

J. Dekker, H. Mackenzie, K. Chandler

{"title":"The Effects of Soil pH on Elymus Repens Growth and Tissue Nutrients","authors":"J. Dekker, H. Mackenzie, K. Chandler","doi":"10.5923/J.RE.20110101.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5923/J.RE.20110101.03","url":null,"abstract":"The perennial, graminaceous, plant quackgrass (Elymus repens (L.) Gould) is a serious weed problem. When corn is grown continuously, the high amounts of nitrogen fertilizer applied can alter the pH of the soil, and this decrease in soil pH with time may change the weed spectrum present in corn fields. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of four different pH soils (3.7, 4.3, 5.5, 6.2) on the growth of quackgrass rhizome fragments in terms of biomass accumulation and tissue nutrient content. As the soil pH decreased from 6.2 to 3.7, quackgrass plants accumulated less shoot, rhizome and root biomass, as well as less shoot height and numbers of main axis shoots, leaves and rhizome buds. This inhibitory effect of soil pH on quackgrass growth was most apparent in the later six weeks of development, until seedhead anthesis was apparent. In the first four weeks after planting the rhizomes, the reductions in quackgrass growth were best indicated by numbers of leaves and main axis shoots, as well as by shoot height. This reduction in growth associated with lower pH soils probably was due to two mechanisms. The first mechanism could be interference with uptake and incorporation of magnesium and phosphorus into both above and below ground plant parts, as well as with copper and calcium in shoots, and zinc in rhizome and root tissue. A second mechanism could be due to toxicity caused by excessive amounts of manga- nese in all plant parts, as well as excessive boron in shoot plant parts.","PeriodicalId":21136,"journal":{"name":"Resources and Environment","volume":"17 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81384766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0