{"title":"What do you mean by a solution to an operator equation (electromagnetic problems)","authors":"T. Sarkar, E. Arvas","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94356","url":null,"abstract":"It is demonstrated that even the simplest integral equation in electromagnetics does not provide a numerically stable solution. The instability is not in the computation process but with the operator itself. Hence, when dealing with an ill-posed operator, the comparison of various entities such as error in the solution or in the residuals, for such problems has to be performed subjectively and not objectively. This makes code validation a rather difficult problem as there is no fixed guide to get the datum for an arbitrary problem.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126330908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scattering from a microstrip patch in a lossy substrate-superstrate geometry","authors":"D. Jackson, N. Alexopoulos","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.93972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.93972","url":null,"abstract":"The scattering from a rectangular microstrip patch embedded within a lossy substrate-superstrate configuration is considered. The effect of loss in either layer is demonstrated. A general formula relating the scattering cross section to the efficiency of the patch radiator is derived, showing that the scattering cross section is proportional to the square of the radiation efficiency. This relationship is confirmed qualitatively by the numerical results presented. The effect of impedance loading is also considered, in which an arbitrary impedance connects the patch to the ground plane.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126363413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A minimum of norm zero placement approach to sum and difference array pattern synthesis with a sub-arrayed feed network","authors":"D. McNamara","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94031","url":null,"abstract":"The starting point of the technique is the knowledge of the zeros of the independently optimum sum ( sigma ) and difference ( Delta ) space factors. For any array of antenna elements, the synthesis problem is stated as one of determining the set of subarray weights such that a system of equations is satisfied. It is observed that for the L/sub 1/, L/sub 2/, and L/sub infinity / norms considered, application of the L/sub infinity / solution results in Delta -patterns with higher sidelobes than those obtained with the L/sub 1/ or L/sub 2/ solutions. For unconstrained solutions, whether the L/sub 1/ or L/sub 2/ solutions give the most satisfactory Delta -pattern is dependent on the subarray configuration under consideration. For constrained solutions the results obtained using the L/sub 1/ and L/sub 2/ solutions are almost identical.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125781485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization diversity of the general nonuniformly spaced adaptive array","authors":"L. Preiser","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94131","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of a least-mean-square (LMS) array of arbitrarily spaced and oriented elements to adapt to the electromagnetic polarization of signals, as well as their arrival angles, is considered. If an adaptive array uses elements responding to an arbitrary polarization of the incoming wave, the array feedback loops will automatically combine the signals from these elements tracking a desired signal with one polarization while nulling interference with a different polarization. The author examines the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) from an array of arbitrarily located and oriented dipoles of finite length as a function of both angles of arrival and separation between the signal polarizations on the Poincare sphere for a desired signal and an interference signal.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121773464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transient response of conducting cylinders to cylindrical electromagnetic waves","authors":"J. Ma, I. Ciric","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94163","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider the early-time response of the currents on a perfectly conducting circular cylinder, which is illuminated by a cylindrical wave generated from a parallel line source excited by a unit step current. Analytical expressions for response are derived and numerical results for the shadow region are presented. The theoretical results obtained are also useful for computing the currents at intermediate and large times, based on the corresponding time-domain integral equations, since the solution at later times is built up from that at earlier times.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132021463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multibeam single aperture diverging lens antenna","authors":"G. Cheng, C. Chen, P. Ingerson, W. C. Wong","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94114","url":null,"abstract":"A single-lens multibeam antenna has been developed with a planar focal surface which does not have the critical alignment problems inherent with multilens systems. By way of demonstration, the authors have built and tested a breadboard model lens to provide 37 contiguous beams to cover the earth's field of view. The lens was designed to give high efficiency, low sidelobe, circular beams at 44.5 GHz. Test results show that the required performance can indeed be achieved using a single nonfocusing lens with a planar focal surface. A vector diffraction computer program has been developed for the lens to compute the secondary radiation patterns. It calculates the physical optics currents over the spherical surface based on the geometrical optics and far-field patterns using the vector diffraction integral.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"379 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132122165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An improved probe feed model for printed patch antennas and arrays","authors":"J. Aberle, D. Pozar","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94102","url":null,"abstract":"A moment-method solution to the problem of probe-fed microstrip antennas and arrays has been developed and applied to the case of an infinite array of rectangular microstrip patches. Comparison with experimental results indicates that this method, which fully accounts for the effect of the probe feed, is superior to methods which do not. The method is quite versatile and can be readily extended to other printed-radiator geometries.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"1112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134136602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sierra, J.C. Bernal, A. Culebras, F. Juarez, J. Alcaraz
{"title":"R-KR lens fed multibeam semicircular array","authors":"M. Sierra, J.C. Bernal, A. Culebras, F. Juarez, J. Alcaraz","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.93990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.93990","url":null,"abstract":"A practical design is described for a multibeam antenna for electronic support measures systems. The antenna is formed by an R-KR lens-fed semicircular array. The number of radiating elements of the array is 18, and they are linear tapered slot antennas (LTSA). Both the lens and the array have been built with the same dielectric substrate and in the same plane. The antenna operates over a frequency range of 2:1.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of arbitrary metallic surfaces conformed to a circular cylinder using the conjugate gradient-fast Fourier transform (CG-FFT) method","authors":"M. Cátedra, F. Ruiz, L. Nuño, E. Gago","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.93995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.93995","url":null,"abstract":"An outline is given of a scheme to analyze scattering and radiation from metallic surfaces conformed to a circular cylinder using the conjugate-gradient-fast Fourier transform (CG-FFT) method. The scheme is computationally efficient and provides accurate numerical predictions. The computer time t=KNlog N and the storage requirement is reduced to several N-dimensional matrices, N being the number of basis samples required to represent the induced current.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"199 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133992216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A numerical method for the radar cross-section of circular metallic disks","authors":"M. A. Hassan","doi":"10.1109/APS.1988.94234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1988.94234","url":null,"abstract":"An entire domain Galerkin formulation is used for the scattering by perfectly conducting thin circular disks. The resulting method is successfully tested and applied to disks of different sizes. A Fortran program, run on a VAX 11/785 computer, is developed to give the radar cross-section at any aspect angle, any direction of incidence and any polarization. Surface current distribution on the disk is also obtained. For large disk sizes, the system of equations to be solved becomes unstable and the computation time becomes excessively large. Thus, solutions can only be obtained for disks with a maximum surface area of about one square wavelength.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":211271,"journal":{"name":"1988 IEEE AP-S. International Symposium, Antennas and Propagation","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130761617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}