Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems最新文献

{"title":"Effect of disinfectants on viability of Trichuris skrjabini eggs","authors":"V. Yevstafieva, M. Petrenko, R. Peleno, O. Nikiforova, V. Vakulenko, O. Reshetylo, M. Kone","doi":"10.15421/022311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022311","url":null,"abstract":"The nematodoses are considered the most numerous group of cosmopolitan diseases among animal and human parasitoses. The representatives of the genus Trichuris attract special attention as pathogens of nematodoses. Their high fecundity, resistance to the influence of environmental factors and the ability to disperse create a serious ecological hazard and the risk of new outbreaks of infestation. The aim of the research was to establish the ovicidal efficiency of modern disinfectants on the embryogenesis of eggs of Trichuris skrjabini nematodes isolated from sheep. In laboratory conditions, two preparations were tested, DZPT-2 (mixture of glutaraldehyde, sodium dodecyl sulfate, essential oil) and Dixclor (mixture of sodium bisulfate, sodium chlorite, sodium percarbonate) at different concentrations and times of exposure. We established that DZPT-2 disinfectant showed a high level of ovicidal efficiency (97.5–100%) against T. skrjabini eggs at 4.5% concentration during exposure for 6–12 h and 5.0% concentration during exposure for 3–12 h. Dixclor showed a high level of ovicidal efficiency (100%) against Trichuris eggs at a concentration of 0.24% for exposures of 12 and 24 hours. Decreasing the concentration of disinfectants reduced the level of their ovicidal efficiency and led to the development of a greater number of viable eggs of T. skrjabini. Degenerative changes in the test cultures of T. skrjabini eggs caused by the tested disinfectants were characterized by the appearance and accumulation of air bubbles under the egg shell, the cessation of embryonic development at the bean-like embryo stage, loosening and resorption of the embryo inside the eggs, thinning and destruction of their shell, deformation of the eggs, and swelling of the egg plugs. Such destructive changes in eggs in experimental test cultures were also confirmed by the indicators of their morphometric parameters. Under the influence of DZPT-2 and Dixclor on the 54th day of cultivation, the length of the eggs was lower by 3.9%, and their width was greater by 4.8–5.1% compared to similar indicators in the control test culture. The obtained results allow one to recommend the tested disinfectants in defined and effective concentrations and exposures for effective control and prevention of trichurosis on livestock farms.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43930044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current epizootological and epidemiologscal aspects of brucellosis in Ukraine","authors":"L. Korniienko, V. Ukhovskyi, O. A. Moroz, O. Chechet, G. B. Aliekseieva, T. Tsarenko, M. Karpulenko, N. P. Nenych, M. L. Radzykhovskyi","doi":"10.15421/022312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022312","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of monitoring studies for brucellosis among farm and wild animals for the period 2004–2021 in Ukraine was performed. The total number of tests on brucellosis during this period among cattle amounted to 62,917,946 animals, small ruminants – 10,898,075, pigs – 4,146,751, horses – 116,668, wild pigs – 22,306, roe deer – 11,548, hares (only the last two years were studied) – 430 animals. During the same period, camels, deer, dogs, cats, rabbits, poultry, zoo animals, wild animals including moose, foxes and badgers were examined in case of suspicion or request. During this period, seropositive animals were found among cattle – 607, small ruminants – 84, pigs – 219, horses – 4, dogs – 2, wild boars – 52, hares – 7. There were years when no positive animals were detected (2012, 2015), 1–3 animals were detected in 2008, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017. The largest number of animals positive for brucellosis was detected in 2004 and 2006, respectively 107 and 328 animals. Some regions stand out among others with a significant number of positive results. Thus, in Sumy region, positive animals were isolated in 2004, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2019, 2020, 2021 (a total of 45 animals), in Dnipropetrovsk region in 2004, 2016, 2017, 2018 (a total of 11 animals). The results of the analysis showed that human brucellosis in Ukraine is registered sporadically (single cases). During the analyzed period, 32 cases of human brucellosis were detected, during the period 1994–2021, the diagnosis of brucellosis was confirmed in 45 people. Approximately 50% of human brucellosis cases in Ukraine are introduced from abroad. The vector role of wild animals-reservoirs in the spread of the brucellosis pathogen in the direction of farm animals and from them to humans is confirmed. Among the regions, the most disadvantaged were Chernihiv (cases in 2009, 2011, 2014, 2015), Lviv (2005, 2011, 2021) and Kyiv (2008, 2014, 2021). During the period 1994–2021, the disease was not registered in people at all in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Volyn, Vinnytsia, Transcarpathian, Zaporizhzhia, Kirovohrad, Rivne, Ternopil, Cherkasy regions.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44070022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenetic relationship between kidney pathologies and the microcirculatory capillary layer in dogs under the influence of Babesia canis","authors":"O. Dubova, D. Feshchenko, V. Yevstafieva, V. Melnychuk, A. Dubovyi","doi":"10.15421/022306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022306","url":null,"abstract":"With babesiosis in dogs, the capillary network is especially strongly affected due to the stimulation of the hemostasis system and the development of thrombus formation in the microvasculature. Acute renal failure and even death of animals are caused by shock phenomena and the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clinical, laboratory (hematological, biochemical, coagulometric, hemodynamic, enzyme immunoassay) methods of research were conducted. Dogs with babesiosis have fever, anemia, and hemoglobinuria, hematologically established anemia, systemic inflammation, thrombotic condition. Hemodynamic parameters determine the state of shock, which in dynamics becomes decompensated and irreversible. The appearance of poikilocytes in the blood of sick dogs indicates significant metabolic disorders in their body. The coagulogram reveals the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Syndrome markers significantly changed with a trend to increase during nephropathy. In addition, uremia, hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, hyperphosphatemia, creatininemia were found in the sick dogs, which are reliable indicators and determine the development of an acute form of glomerulonephritis and progressive acute renal failure. According to the study of the general biochemical status in animals, hepatopathy in the form of acute hepatitis and pancreatitis, and general intoxication syndrome were established. In our findings: during acute spontaneous babesiosis, dogs developed nephropathy, which has two clinical stages: hemoglobinuria and oliguria/anuria. The pathogenetic basis for the development of glomerulonephritis and acute renal failure is the syndrome of disseminated intravascular coagulation in response to the influence of a pathogen, which causes shock, forming a vicious circle of shock. Under such conditions, renal failure increases and eventually leads to the death of the animal. The studied data will contribute to the expansion of the conceptual understanding of the pathogenesis of canine babesiosis and determine the leading role of complications in the development of kidney failure.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41794783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mineral supplementation on qualitative beef parameters","authors":"T. Farionik, O. Yaremchuk, O. Razanova, G. M. Ohorodnichuk, T. L. Holubenko, V. А. Glavatchuk","doi":"10.15421/022310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022310","url":null,"abstract":"Correct nutrition with sufficient amount of optimal doses of microelements efficiently supports high levels of beef production and health of the animals throughout the feeding period. In the sphere of beef production, microelements are needed as additional supplements to play an important role in the productivity of cattle and the quality of the products made from them. Providing cattle with a more bioavailable source of deficient microelements could increase the metabolic process of the main nutrients, which would affect the intensity of bull growth and slaughter meat parameters. It has been revealed that organic complexes of deficient microelements have greater bioavailability. Throughout the experiment, Ukrainian Black Spotted bulls of 175–200 kg live weight were fed with diets enriched by chelate compounds of microelements with lysine and methionine. Animals of the second group were fed a diet with methionates of microelements in the following doses, mg/kg of live weight: iron – 0.05, cobalt – 0.04, iodine – 0.05 and selenium – 0.02; the third group received lysinates in the same doses of microelements; and the fourth group was given lysinates and methionates in a complex with half-doses of microelements. The studies were carried out using the following methods: zootechnical (productivity), biochemical (chemical blood composition), morphological (weight and sizes of certain tissues and internal organs), physical-chemical and sanitary meat parameters and statistical (mean arithmetic value and its error, significance level of difference between parameters). We found evidence and confirmed the benefits of using microelement supplemention with essential aminoacids in the bulls’ diet. Feeding chelate supplement to animals during the second feeding period improved hematological parameters, the productivity and nutrition value of beef. We determined that the best outcomes resulted from feeding bulls with lysinates and methionates in complex with microelements (Fe, Co, Se and I) during the second feeding period. The animals had 26.0% higher mean daily increments and 11.1% greater growth rates, and they grew 25.8% more intensively than the others that consumed only the main diet. The animals of this group had 5.2% higher slaughter yield and 4.8% higher carcass yield. The experimental groups were observed to have lower number of microorganisms in the longissimus layer in one field of view when analyzing impression smears. After 14 days of beef storage, qualitative reactions in the control group were positive with formaldehyde, sulphuric-acid copper, Nessler’s reagent and negative with benzidine. The reactions in the samples from experimental groups were doubtful. Less deterioration of beef stored at low positive temperatures (0…+2 ºС) was observed for the samples of experimental groups.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41909919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of calcium ionophore on the fertilization of bovine oocytes and their further embryonic development","authors":"V. Kovpak, O. Kovpak, S. Derkach, O. A. Valchuk, Y. Zhuk, Y. Masalovych","doi":"10.15421/022321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022321","url":null,"abstract":"Intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI) is one of the commonest methods used in assisted reproductive technologies in human medicine. However, this procedure has low efficacy for bovines, mainly because of insufficient activation of oocytes after spermatozoid microinjection. One of the most effective methods of activating oocytes is considered to be the use of phosphorus calcium, though the optimal concentration of activator and its effect on pre-implant development of embyo are still open questions. An oocyte-cumulus complex of clinically healthy cows, retrieved from the ovaries during slaughter, matured over 22–24 h in in vitro conditions. Oocytes with visible polar body had been subjected to intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI), and were 15–30 min later activated in the environment with different concentrations of calcium ionophore for 15–20 min and then transferred for further cultivation in a culture medium with sodium pyruvate. The fertilization rate was identified on the second day at the 2–4th stages of cellular embryo, and the quality of obtained embyos was evaluated on day 8. Based on the statistical analysis of the data, we determined that the artificial activation of bovine oocytes using calcium ionphore after intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection (ICSI) led to statistically significant improvement in conception and ratio of blastocytes obtained to oocytes injected. In the study, we confirmed that addition of 5, 10 and 50 µМ of the agent had the same efficacy on the activation of occytes of bovine cattle. However, it has to be noted that during further cultivation of the obtained zygotes up to the blastocyte stage (day 8), we saw no significant differences in quality of embryos obtained. Therefore, use of calcium ionophore for the activation of bovine oocytes after intracytoplasmic spermatozoid injection is effective, for it promotes increase in fertilization parameters and ratio of blastocytes obtained to oocytes injected, facilitating production of higher numbers of embyos suitable for transplantation or cooling. Our previous conclusions are valuable for increasing the efficacy of methods of intracytoplasmic injection of bovine spermatozoid and its further use for purposes of science and production.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45874012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathomorphology of the renal form of lymphoma in cats","authors":"K. Oriekhova, O. Shchebentovska","doi":"10.15421/022301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022301","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphoma is one of the most common neoplasias in cats, affecting various organs and tissues. Extranodal lymphoma is characterized by local damage to such organs as the nose, eyes, skin, central nervous system, and kidneys. Cats usually have bilateral kidney damage with possible metastatic damage to the liver and lungs. Statistically, the extranodal type of lymphoma, namely the renal form, is found in 7% to 30% of cases, mainly in cats older than five years. Clinical signs of renal lymphoma are non-specific and variable, typical for acute renal failure, and manifest themselves through general exhaustion, polyuria, polydipsia, and renomegaly. In most cases, the prognosis for lymphoma in cats is cautious. The article describes two clinical cases of outbred cats with a primary renal form of lymphoma. In both cases, the cats were clinically diagnosed with acute kidney injury and treated symptomatically. An ultrasound examination of the cats’ kidneys revealed a sharp increase in their volume and increased echogenicity of the cortical layer with a fine-grained and nodular structure. The cytological picture in fine-needle aspirates from the kidneys was characterized by a massive monomorphic population of lymphoblasts, which exceeded erythrocytes by 2–3 times in diameter. The cytoplasm of the lymphoblastic cells was sparse with large round nuclei with dense chromatin. The cells were mostly uninucleate, with atypical mitoses and moderate cellular atypism. Epithelial cells, which were occasionally visualized between large lymphoblastic cells, had broad vacuolated cytoplasm and a large round nucleus. Express tests for feline leukemia virus showed negative results. Both cats died 7 and 10 days after initiation of treatment, respectively. During the autopsy, sharply enlarged and deformed kidneys were recorded, and the border between the cortical and medullary substances was difficult to differentiate. Irregularly shaped, white tumorous formations were visualized in the cortical layer. Diffuse infiltration of the kidneys’ cortical layer with large monomorphic lymphoblastic elements with large hyperchromic nuclei and narrow cytoplasm was noted histologically. Lymphoblastic cells in a state of vacuolar and hydropic dystrophy were located between the proximal and distal tubules. The lumens were filled with protein mass and desquamated epithelium. The capsule of the kidney glomeruli was slightly thickened and the vessel walls were soaked with plasma proteins. Immunohistochemically, intensive expression of the CD79a marker and high expression of the Ki-67 marker were detected in the examined kidney samples, which indicates the development of diffuse B-cell lymphoma with an unfavourable prognosis.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44560977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of 17β-estradiol under influence of technological operations during production of dairy products","authors":"H. Kochetova, M. Kukhtyn, V. Salata, Y. Horiuk, L. Kladnytska, T. Matviishyn","doi":"10.15421/022308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022308","url":null,"abstract":"Safety of milk can decline because of high concentrations of steroid hormones like 17β-estradiol, which is associated with the development of some oncological diseases and reproductive disorders. We studied the effects of thermal processing of raw milk and technologies of production of butter and yogurt on the concentration of 17β-estradiol. For this purpose, we determined the amount of 17β-estradiol in raw milk, after pasteurization under different regimes, boiling and during the production of butter and yogurt. Content of 17β-estradiol was determined using the method of immunoenzymatic analysis. We determined that low-temperature processing of milk at the temperature of 77.0 ± 1.0 °С for 1 min caused no changes in the structure of the estrogenic hormone 17β-estradiol, resulting in practically no changes in its amount in pasteurized milk. We determined that 17β-estradiol in milk is a temperature-stable hormone with no tendencies towards significant decrease when subject to high-temperature processing (85.0 ± 1.0 °С for 1 min) and during boiling, because the amount of the hormone decreased on average by 5%. Therefore, we may state that after pasteurization or sterilization, the concentration of 17β-estradiol in drinkable milk would not be significantly different from its initial amount in raw milk. We determined significant increase in 17β-estradiol in butter (3896.1 ± 67.5 pg/g), as compared with the concentration in raw milk (189.4 ± 12.5 pg/mL), and its insignificant content in buttermilk was insignificant (29.3 ± 1.8 pg/mL). The concentration of 17β-estradiol in milk decreased by 25% during 9-month storage at the temperature of –18 °С and by 20% at the temperature of –9 °С. This process can be applied to butter made from milk of cows at late stages of lactation, which contains high level of estrogen. We determined that the steroid hormone 17β-estradiol did not break down under the influence of dairy acid that accumulates as a result of lactic acid fermentation, both with the participation of mixed microflora of raw milk and pure lactic-acid bacteria of fermentation starter for yogurt. The prospects of the studies are the development of a safe maximum allowable level of 17β-estradiol in raw milk and methodological evaluation at a milk-processing factory.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47889835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of the course of demodicosis in domestic animals in a megalopolis in the east of Ukraine","authors":"A. Paliy, O. Pavlichenko, S. Kasianenko, L. Kovalenko, A. Stockiy, O. Stotska","doi":"10.15421/022305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022305","url":null,"abstract":"Demodicosis in domestic animals occupies a leading place among dermatological diseases. It has considerable epizootological and social significance. Peculiarities of the manifestation of demodicosis in dogs and cats were studied in the city of Kharkiv during 2017–2021. Doberman Pinscher, mestizo, German Shepherd, Rottweiler, Staffordshire Terrier, and outbred animals were the most commonly affected by demodicosis, accounting for 61.6% of the total number of patients. The lowest number of animals with demodicosis was registered in such breeds as Dalmatian, Great Dane, Caucasian Shepherd, Collie, Labrador, Husky, Pekingese, and Chow Chow with a total number of 4.6%. Demodicosis is most common in Persian white, European tiger, and Siamese colour point cats, accounting for 57.3%. Norwegian forest, Russian blue, and Oriental shorthair cats are rarely affected by demodicosis, accounting for 13.5% of all animals. Demodicosis most often affects animals aged from 2 months to 3 years in winter, and in summer and autumn, the incidence is lowest. Peculiarities of sexual predisposition of animals to demodicosis infection have not been established. The microbes affecting the skin of animals are transmitted by mites Demodex spp. and are represented by Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus niger, Candida spp., Rhizopus nigricans, Penicillum spp., Malassezia spp., Microsporum canis. Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. occupy the largest percentage of the total number of isolated microorganisms – 74.7%, and Micrococcus spp. occupy the lowest percentage of isolated microorganisms (6.2%). Staphylococcal susceptibility to nine tetracycline drugs has shown a high level of resistance. The most effective antimicrobial agent for isolated cultures of staphylococci is amoxicillin in combination with clavulanic acid (89.7%) and vancomycin (100.0%). The objective of further research is to develop effective schemes for the prevention and treatment of pets with demodicosis.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43769582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variation in four maturity genes and photoperiod insensitivity effects on the yield components and on the growth duration periods of soybean","authors":"I. M. Raievska, A. S. Schogolev","doi":"10.15421/022309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022309","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a typical short-day and thermophilic crop. Absence of or low sensitivity to photoperiod is necessary for short-day crops to adapt to high latitudes. Photoperiod insensitivity in soybeans is controlled by two genetic systems and involves three important maturity genes: E1, a repressor for two soybean orthologs of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T, and E3 and E4, which are phytochrome A genes. The aim of this work was to investigate the role of four maturity genes (E1 through E4) on the yield components, seed quality and on phasic development of near isogenic by E genes lines of soybean: short-day (SD) lines with genotype e1E2E3E4e5E7, e1E2E3e4e5E7, E1e2e3E4e5E7 and photoperiodic insensitive (PPI) lines with genotype e1e2E3E4e5E7, e1e2e3E4e5E7 under a long photoperiod (the natural day length of 50 latitude) conditions and short day conditions. The results of the study showed that soybean development processes under conditions of different day lengths depend on the dominant/recessive state of the main maturity genes. In addition, the response to the photoperiod depends on certain combinations of genes. SD lines began flowering on average 16.9% later under the conditions of a natural long photoperiod. Dominant alleles of genes E1 and E3 extended the pre- and post-flowering phases under conditions of exposure to long and short photoperiods. The dominant allele of the E1 gene delayed the onset of flowering by an average of 26.9%, and the period of full maturity by 39.8% compared to the recessive e1. The dominant allele of the E3 gene, compared to the recessive e3, lengthened the transition to flowering by an average of 16.1%, and the period of full ripeness by 27.1%. The dominant allele of the E2 gene lengthened the duration of the vegetative phase by 20% under the conditions of a long photoperiod. No significant influence of the dominant E4 allele on the duration of the vegetative and generative phases of soybean development was found in our study. PPI lines begin flowering under the conditions of a long and short photoperiod at the same time, but the phases of flowering and full seed maturity in the line with genotype e1e2e3E4e5E7 occurred earlier, due to the loss of the photoperiod sensitivity of the E3 gene. PPI line with genotype e1e2e3E4e5E7 proved to be the most insensitive line to the effect of different photoperiod durations among the studied lines. It was shown that the dominant alleles of E1–E4 maturity genes reduced the parameters of seed weight per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds under the conditions of a natural long photoperiod in comparison with recessive alleles of these genes. The maximum weight of seeds per plant and the weight of 1000 seeds were recorded in the PPI line with genotype e1e2e3E4e5E7. It should be noted that the dominant alleles E1 and E3 increased yield under conditions of a short photoperiod. Maturity genes had different effects on the biochemical composition of seeds. It was shown t","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45550568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy induces changes in oral cavity organs of rats","authors":"A. Kotvytska, K. V. Tykhonovych, T. D. Kryvoruchko, K. Neporada, S. Beregovyi","doi":"10.15421/022315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15421/022315","url":null,"abstract":"The developmental mechanisms of pathological changes in the oral cavity organs, in particular, periodontal tissues and salivary glands, were elucidated in the model of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. Experimental studies were performed on 41 white nonlinear rats of both sexes weighing 180–220 g. Toxic neuropathy was modeled by intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel (Actavis Ltd; series 5GN5122) 2 mg/kg for 4 days (0, 2, 4 and 6). The presence of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy was confirmed by the Randall-Selitto tensoalgometric test to determine the threshold of pain sensitivity. The total proteolytic activity, total antitryptic activity, and the content of TBA-active products were determined in the homogenate of the rat submandibular and sublingual salivary glands and periodontal soft tissues, content of oxidatively modified proteins, content of average mass molecules and catalase activity; α-amylase activity was also determined in the salivary glands of animals, and the content of free fucose and glycosaminoglycans in periodontal tissues. Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy causes the development of pathological changes in the oral cavity, in particular in periodontal tissues and salivary glands of rats, as evidenced by impaired proteinase-inhibitory potential, intensification of carbonyl oxidative stress, inhibition of protein synthetic function in salivary glands and increased depolymerization of non-collagenous proteins in periodontal soft tissues.","PeriodicalId":21094,"journal":{"name":"Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44365601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}