Scientific Journal of Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"The use of poultry litter as a replacement of cotton seed cake used in feeding Yankasa sheep","authors":"A. Mubi, A. Midau, Saidu","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.1954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.1954","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve Yankasa sheep were fed three treatment diets for 56 days to study the effect of supplementation on their feed intake, water intake and weight changes before grazing. Before the commencement of the experiment the proximate composition of the experimental diet was determine which revealed that the composition of the diet is adequate for production. The supplement was poultry litter, while the other ingredient where molasses, cotton seed cake maize offal. Daily feed intakes and weight gain changes and level of water intake were examined. The result revealed that the daily weight gain feed intake, water intake of the supplemental group was highly (P<0.05) significant.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127770745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative production performance evaluation of exotic and indigenous chickens under farmers management practice in Tigray, Northen Ethiopia","authors":"G. Gebreselassie, R. Meseret, Z. Mulalem, H. Hailay, B. Minister, B. Gebru","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2045","url":null,"abstract":"Potchefstroom koekoek chickens were introduced with the objective to evaluate  production performance and compare with indigenous chickens and to evaluate their egg production cost under farmers management practice. A total of 105 of one month chicks were distributed to five female headed households (FHH), 21 chicks for each FHH in Tanqua-Abergelle district. Similar age 21 chickens were prepared by the FHH. The chickens were kept under farmers’ management practice and fed mainly on  scavenging with supplementation 30 g maize per day per  chicken. Egg production of the scavenging Koekoek hens was 49% and 64% higher than the local hens for one and four months age, respectively. Comparing Koekoek chickens with local chickens Koekoek chickens 59 g had laid heavier eggs than the local chickens 34.9 g. Beside to the heaviness of the egg laid by Koekoek  chicken,  egg yolk, albumin and shell were also heavier by 12%, 21% and 12%, respectively than the local chicken. Finally, the cost of egg produced by Koekoek chicken 0.025 USD was cheaper than egg produced by  local chickens 0.071 USD.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129210088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of weaner rabbits fed diets supplemented with Pawpaw (Carica Papaya) leaf meal","authors":"L. A. Saulawa, M. Sabo, M. G. Garba","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2047","url":null,"abstract":"14 weeks feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding pawpaw leaf meal (PLM) on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of weaned rabbits. Fourty five (45) weaned rabbits were used in a completely randomized design with five dietary treatments, each replicated three time with three (3) rabbits per replicate. The five inclusion levels of PLM (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% 20% PLM) were used. Experimental animals were housed in metal hutches having separate feeders and drinkers. They were randomly assigned to the five experimental diets of PLM. Feed intake and weight gain were measured weekly. Carcass evaluation was conducted at the end of the study. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05) among all the treatments with respect to feed intake and feed-gain ratio. Weaner rabbits fed the control diet (0% PLM) and those fed 10% PLM recorded higher weight gains (960.33g and 967.00g respectively) than those fed 5% PLM and 15% PLM (934.33g and 932.50g respectively). Dressed weight was affected (P 0.05) by feeding up to 15%PLM. It is therefore concluded that feeding pawpaw leaf meal did not adversely affects the performance of rabbits.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121173596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of two herbal feed additives with or without grits on carcass evaluation of broiler chickens","authors":"Y. A. Adejola, R. Sobayo, D. Akinbola, A. Olarenwaju, E. Apiakason","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I12.2024","url":null,"abstract":"An eight-week study was conducted to investigate effects of two herbal feed additives with or without grits on carcass evaluation of broiler chickens. One hundred and forty-four day-old unsexed Cobb broiler chicks were randomly assigned to six treatments of twenty four birds per treatment with three replicates of eight birds each. Six dietary treatments were formulated with the inclusion of Moringaoleifera leaf meal (MOLM), Garcinia kola seed meal (GKSM) and grits. The experimental rations contained diet without MOLM, GKSM and grits which served as treatment 1 (control), with MOLM at 1000ppm (treatment 2), with GKSM at 1000ppm (treatment 3), with grits at 1000ppm (treatment 4), with MOLM at 1000ppm + grits at 1000ppm (treatment 5) and with GKSM at 1000ppm + grits at 1000ppm (treatment 6). Data were collected on carcass evaluation and subjected to analysis of variance in a completely randomised design. The proximate composition revealed that MOLM had higher crude protein (21.96%), crude fat (4.87%), crude fibre (15.61%) and ash (9.32%) than those found in GKSM.back was significantly (p 0.05) by the dietary treatments.From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the bird fed control diet had highest value for back%, those fed GSKM + grit had highest value for kidney% and those fed grit had highest value for caeca%.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115335350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of prenatal and postnatal stress on cognitive function and fear memory consolidation","authors":"M. Nazari, Hossein Rajabzadeh, Masoumeh Dadkhah, A. Boustani, N. M. Kor","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I8.2076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I8.2076","url":null,"abstract":"Stress can be defined as the brain response to any demand. Maternal exposure to stress during pregnancy may have negative effects on fetal and infant neurodevelopment, including delayed mental and motor development, difficult temperament, and impaired cognitive performance. Some of these effects are seen on brain structure and function and in the risk for later depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Stress in adolescence appears to have lasting effects on brain regions such as the hippocampus and alters mood and anxiety-related behaviors in animal models, as well as cognitive function. The brain is the key organ of the response to stress because it determines what is threatening and, therefore, potentially stressful, as well as the physiological and behavioral responses which can be either adaptive or damaging. Stressors in adult life alter neuronal morphology in brain regions such as the hippocampus, amygdala, and prefrontal cortex and influence learning, anxiety, executive function, and somatic-visceral functions. Exposure to stress and stress hormones during the prenatal period, infancy, childhood, adolescence, adulthood or aging, has an impact on brain structures involved in cognition and mental health. As demonstrated in the above, generally stress can have wide ranging effects on emotions, mood and behavior.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130090579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for utilization of the relationship between zoometrical measurements and performance traits for poultry and livestock genetic improvement in developing countries","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2020","url":null,"abstract":"The preceding review looks at the prospects for utilization of the relationship between zoometrical measurements and performance traits for poultry and livestock genetic improvement in developing countries.  Improvement of poultry and livestock indigenous to developing countries is paramount in order to increase their contribution to the much needed animal protein due to human population increase in this part of the world. However, this is on the background that the estimates of genetic parameters for performance traits in poultry and livestock are scarce in  developing countries because of failure of  most attempted selection schemes, which has been  exacerbated  by the problems of measuring of performance traits due to lack of appropriate technologies.  Assessment of the performance of poultry and livestock species is done using various indices, most especially on growth and development traits as well as body conformational traits. The significant genotypic correlations between the body weight and the zoometrical measurements and the heritability of the body weight at various stages of livestock production indicate a systematic cause which can be important to consider for livestock breeding and selection purposes. In case, where the genetic correlations between zoometrical measurements and performance traits of concern are positive and high this implies that the traits are genetically linked. Morphological properties can provide to some extent a reasonable representation of the differences among the genotypes within the same species, though not exhaustive, it serves as the foundation upon which DNA analysis can be built. Selection for improved production within poultry and livestock breeds or ecotypes is problematic for one of the following reasons: for effective selection depends on accurate recording of pedigree and performance traits. The complexity of measuring some of the performance traits due to lack of necessary equipment or technology presents considerable obstacles to effective selection for improved performance in developing countries. Unlike the developing world, recently, DNA analysis through molecular markers has provided an invaluable new technology in poultry and livestock improvement for determining the relationships among individuals, breeds and ecotypes. To increase meat yield from poultry and livestock breeds in developing countries require genetic improvement of their live weight and other performance traits which have a history of relationship with linear body measurements. Proper measurement of live weight as a performance trait, which is often hard with resource poor rural farmers due to lack of weighing scale, is requisite for achieving this goal. The need for estimation of live weight from simple   and more easily measurable variable such as zoometrical measurements therefore arises. Therefore, the use of zoometrical measurements which are simple to measure and are highly correlated to desirable performance traits is f","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129366067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of supplementing graded level of poultry litter and wheat bran on performance of Abergelle bucks","authors":"Gebreslassie Gebru Berhe, R. Meseret, T. Desta","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I10.1926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I10.1926","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the study were to evaluate the appropriate level of poultry litter and wheat bran ration supplementation on feed intake, body weight gain and cost benefit analysis of Abergelle bucks fed on a grass hay basal diet. A ration of 74% poultry litter, 25% wheat bran and 1% salt was thoroughly mixed and fed for 90 days. Four treatments were applied, namely grass hay as a control (T1), grass hay + 150 g/d-1ration (T2), grass hay + 300 g/d-1 ration (T3)  and grass hay + 450 g/d-1 ration (T4). DMI of grass hay 453.27, 487.05, 524.48 and 480.70 g d-1 for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively, and DMI was not affected (p>0.05) by the supplemental ration. However, supplemental bucks total DMI was higher by 6%, 12% and 16% for T2, T3 and T4, respectively from T1. Bucks in T1  gained 12.22 g/day while rams placed under T2, T3 and T4 gained 15%, 20% and 27% higher than T1, respectively. Thus, supplementation of 300 g/day ration of poultry litter and wheat bran is biologically more efficient and 150 economically more profitable and thus T2 and T3 are recommended for Abergelle buck fattening based on the target of the producer.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126813190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphobiometrical diversity of the indigenous chicken’s population in the Sudano-sahelian zone of Cameroon","authors":"H. Tahir, M. Y. Poutougnigni, T. Keambou, Y. Manjeli","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2016","url":null,"abstract":"Studies were undertaken at rural, peri-urban and urban areas of the Sudano-sahelian agro-ecological zone of Cameroon to describe the variations in physical characters and some important feather and skin mutations observed in different populations of native chickens of the sudano-sahelian zone of Cameroon. According to accessibility, availability of chickens and willingness of farmers to give informations , thirteen villages were investigated from January to September 2010 in the Far-north and North regions using a structured questionnaire. 558 chickens were randomly selected and each of them was completely described by direct observation, weighing and body measurements according to FAO (1981) recommendations. The main results show that feather colour of local poultry of the Sudano-sahelian agro-ecological zone of Cameroon is variable, but dominated by the wild type and white having frequencies of 18.64% and 15.41% respectively, whereas the other colours of feather vary from medium to very small frequencies, as grey colour of feather (1.61%). Four genetic types were represented in this agro-ecological zone, namely: normally feathered (87.63%), Naked-neck (4.30%), crested (4.84%) and Frizzle chickens (3.23%). Heterogeneity of colours was also observed at the level of shanks; where white was the dominant colour (38.53%) and green (4.12%) the lowest frequency. The comb showed just two varieties: single (95.52%) and rose shape (4.12%). Sexual dimorphism was observed in all the traits with higher values recorded for males. The mean body weight of adult chicken, in the Sudano-sahelian agro-ecological zone of Cameroon is 1458±329g. Roosters are heavier ﴾1588±332) than hens ﴾1323±269g). All the body measurement considered are significantly higher in roosters. The high variability of characters offers possibilities for selection of rustic and more productive breeds in the Sudano-sahelian agro-ecological zone of Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131250178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communal farmers’ perceptions on the use of indigenous knowledge in controlling ticks and tick-borne disease (Anaplasmosis) in cattle: a case of Katima rural constituency, Zambezi region Namibia","authors":"P. Mashebe, J. Abah, A. Zulu","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V4I11.2039","url":null,"abstract":"Communal farmers in most African countries have used both indigenous and modern knowledge to control ticks and tick-borne diseases. The aim of this paper is to report on the communal farmers’ perceptions on the use of indigenous knowledge in controlling ticks and tick-borne diseases (Anaplasmosis) of cattle in the Katima Rural Constituency, Zambezi Region Namibia. The data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed as percentage of the participants.  The results show that 85% of the participants are aware of the existence of ticks and tick-borne diseases affecting cattle in the study area and this suggests that the problems are evident in the area. It was also found that the roots, leaves and bark extracts of Muhonono (Terminalia sericia), Mukolotela (Piliostigmathonningii), Muchoko/Itanga (shrub) and Umbwiti/Ligwatanga (shrub) are often used by the farmers in the ethno-veterinary control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. This practice is evident among the older age bracket (51 – 70 years), with the 61 – 70 years old participants indicating complete reliance on the use of ethno-medicine to control their cattle’s ticks and tick-borne diseases. Even though, there is an existing government policy that compels all farmers to vaccinate their animals against all sorts of livestock diseases in order to supply healthy meat to the markets, the financial cost of utilizing the conventional methods appears to be beyond the reach of most of the communal farmers. This effect will continue to promote the use of ethno-medicine in the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases in the study area. Therefore, there is need for government veterinary department to work with the communal farmers in identifying and standardizing the plant extracts for wider applications in controlling cattle’s ticks and tick-borne diseases.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125839918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Ephedra (Ephedra funereal) and protexin probiotic on some blood parameters in male Japanese quail (Coturnix Japonica)","authors":"F. Kheiri, H. Ghasemi, S. Hajiabadi","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V4I7.2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V4I7.2013","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding Ephedra and protexin on performance and some hematological parameters of male Japanese quail. A total of 240 seven days old quail chicks were divided into 8 treatments with 3 replicates as factorial randomized design. The treatments were divided as basal diet with no protexin and Ephedra kept as control, and 0.02 % (E1), 0.04% (E2) and 0.06 % (E3) Ephedra with 0.01 % or without protexin as P0 and P 1 were used respectively. The live body weight gains and feed consumption of birds were measured individually feed conversion efficiency were calculated. At the end of the trial for investigating the effect of using protexin and Ephedra supplementation on performance of quails, 2 birds (male) form each replicates were slaughtered and some blood samples were taken for hematological parameters determination. Data showed that using of protexin and Ephedra increased feed intake (FI) in treatments compared to control. Also body weight (BW) (g/d) and Pre-slaughter weigh (g) were higher in protexin and Ephedra compared to the control. There were no significant differences (p<0.05) for feed conversation ratio (FCR) among treatments. As result was relevant from this study there were significant differences (p≤0.05) between blood parameters. Data showed that the glucose level had increased none significantly by using Ephedra and protexin. The triglyceride, cholesterol and LDL were increased significantly (p≤0.05) by using experimental diets. HDL, albumin and globulin levels were decreased by using Ephedra and protexin. In conclusion we demonstrated that protexin and Ephedra may be used as ingredient in quails ration without harming effects on performance and some blood parameters of male Japanese quails.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133845287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}