Scientific Journal of Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Factors influencing post-weaning growth and mortality in rabbits","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V7I3.2511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V7I3.2511","url":null,"abstract":"Several random and nonrandom factors influence post-weaning growth and mortality in rabbits. The rabbit productivity is greatly influenced by post-weaning kits growth potential and the number that survives up to market. There is a definite important association between litter size and post-weaning growth, which can be manipulated to enhance rabbit production and profitability. In this respect maintaining an economically optimum average litter size, which promote post-weaning growth is critical. It is generally pronounced that genetic improvement will improve litter size, however, aided by provision of adequate nutrition and management translate to optimal degree of maximal profitability of rabbit enterprise. Post-weaning mortality has been associated with below average pre-weaning weights that are likely to adversely depress feed consumption, poor growth and compromised immune system. Reduced mortality and enhanced growth rates calls for improved nutrition and other management practices, in addition to the exploitation of crossbred livability and viability in rabbit production. Both selection and crossbreeding have played major roles in improving post-weaning growth in rabbits. Growth traits are moderately to highly heritable as a result selection of heavier kits on post-weaning growth could result in improving the character. The purpose of this review is to discuss the factors that affect post-weaning growth and mortality in rabbits.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"206 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131435868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The procedures of microalgal isolation from the nature","authors":"Yasamin Pesaran Afsharian","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V7I1.2570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V7I1.2570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134435803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing does milk production and their implication for kit performance in rabbits","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2491","url":null,"abstract":"Rabbit milk yield and chemical composition is determined by various factors. Growth rate and body weight gain are good indicators of kitsdoe’s maternal behavior, especially in milk production. Generally, it is pronounced that growth and survival of kits towards weaning is the most important stage related to does milking potential. However, it is important to note that lactation curves vary with breed, notwithstanding milk production being influenced by various factors. Clearly, it has been observed that apart from genotype being a dominant factor in influencing milk production in rabbits, there are other factors such as nutrition, parity, stage of lactation, litter size etc. which have also been implicated. In this aspect, appropriate knowledge on factors that influence does milking capacity is essential for improved performance in rabbits. Provision of adequate nutritional requirements of nursed kits through dam’s milk is essential for maximum growth, development and survival. In the early stage of growth until weaning, does milk is the exclusive source of nutrients to support the pertinent needs for maintenance and growth in rabbits. The accelerated growth preceding weaning can be ascribed to the doe’s energy rich milk that is significant in both fat and protein and low lactose. An increase in milk intake, can improve kits growth traits and may also transcribe to heavier final market weight and financial gains. It is reasonable to suggest that to enhance kits nutritional intake, the mother should produce adequate milk. On the other hand, milk production increases with increased litter size, while high total milk yield is registered in winter followed by autumn. Milk production increase firmly during the seven parity and decline from that time forward. Crossbreeding promote favorable and positive heterotic influence on milk yield and composition. There is a predictable positive correlation of does milking capacity and productive traits. The purpose of this review is to discuss the factors that influence milk production in does and their implication for rabbit performance.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116789320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of graded levels of urea treatment on nutrient composition and in-vitro digestibility of Calliandra calothyrsus (Meissner)","authors":"Jenias Ndava, Blessing Timba, C. Gadzirayi","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2487","url":null,"abstract":"Calliandra calothyrsus (Meissner) is a multipurpose forage tree that can improve the nutrition of livestock due to its high  crude protein content. However, the shrub has low digestibility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of graded levels of urea treatment on nutrient composition and in-vitro digestibility of C. calothyrsus leaves. Mature leaves of C. calothyrsus were  hand harvested in the first week of August 2016, after the flowering stage. They were air dried under the shed for five days in order to maintain the green colour of the leaves. They were then treated with 0% (control), 3%, 5% and 7% urea solutions for four weeks under anaerobic conditions. Some of the air dried samples were ground and analysed for nutrient composition, crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), dry matter (DM) and ash. There was an increase in CP following increase in the level of urea treatment from 210 to 320g/kg DM. A decrease was noted in fibre content with increasing level of urea treatment. Digestibility trial was conducted using the Tilley and Terry two stage method. In-vitro dry matter digestibility increased significantly at (p<0.05) with increase in urea treatment noted from 439.7-530.7g/kg DM. The results show the effectiveness of urea treatment in increasing the crude protein and in-vitro digestibility of C. calothyrsus .","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115689024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcass traits and meat quality properties as affected by nutritional programs and feeding patterns in a rabbit enterprise","authors":"N. Assan","doi":"10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJAS.V7I1.2461","url":null,"abstract":"This review looks at the effects of nutrition on carcass traits and meat quality properties in rabbits. Nutrition is a dominant integral part of a rabbit production enterprise that if appropriately modified will impart acceptable carcass and meat quality attributes sort in new demand market. This implies that feeding an appropriate diet to rabbits is the single most critical component in improving carcass traits and meat quality properties in a rabbit enterprise. Rabbits are instinctively unique in the sense that they have exhibited a relatively pronounced universal taste for common local feedstuffs composed to a greater extent of roughage and agricultural by-products. The utilization of dietary nutrient sources by rabbits is reliant on a variety of complementary determinants that include not only specific energy and protein sources but also intake and digestibility. The high pro health nutritional value and acceptable sensory attributes of rabbit meat have advanced its consumption in several countries and its gaining popularity. Today, when consumer demand for meat are inclined towards consumption of low fat, low calorie and positive healthy meats, new meat sources such as rabbits are increasing their share in the meat markets. Carcass traits and meat quality have shown to positively respond to different dietary nutritional levels and sources in rabbit production. Suitable nutrition regime would improve slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, dressing percentage and the proportion of valuable giblets. Rabbit fed local unconventional feedstuffs can produce meat with similar or greater amounts of claimable polyunsaturated acids than feeding systems based on feedlot pellets alone. Dietary fats inclusion levels and their sources are important in expressing demanded carcass and meat quality properties, especially on influencing the type of fatty acid composition in meat. Feeding strategies through manipulation of dietary factors should endeavor at increasing the scope of unsaturated fatty acids, while decreasing the portion of objectionable saturated fatty acids promoting pro health value. Future rabbit nutritional research should shift from focusing on promoting quantity to enhancement of quality in response to the new demand market for healthy food in addition to promoting nutritional value and acceptable sensory properties. Heterogeneity in alternative energy and protein sources and their potential replacement value of alternative feedstuff in rabbits’ diets should be the targeted outcome from the nutritional research in rabbit meat production.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123968959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability analysis for grain yield of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) genotypes in Bale, South-East Ethiopia","authors":"M. Beriso, G. Asefa","doi":"10.14196/sjbs.v6i11.2510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjbs.v6i11.2510","url":null,"abstract":"Yield data of 12 black cumin ( Nigella sativa L.) cultivars tested across 9 rain-fed environments during the 2013-2015 growing season using RCBD in 3 replications. The AMMI analysis tested in nine environments (years) were showed that the yield was significantly affected (P<0.001) by genotypes and environment main effects. But non significant for GxE interaction. The model revealed that differences between the environments accounted for about 90% of the treatment sum of squares. The genotypes and the GxE interaction also accounted significantly for 4% and 6% respectively of the treatment SS. The first principal component axis (PCA 1) of the interaction captured 51.32% of the interaction sum of squares. Similarly, the second principal component axis (PCA2) explained a further 18.20% of the GEI sum of squares. The mean squares for the PCA 1 and PCA 2 were significant at P=0.01 and cumulatively contributed to 69.52% of the GxE interaction SS, leaving 30.37% of the variation in the GxE interaction in the residual. The AMMI and AMMI stability value (ASV) identified G10 as the most stable and high yielding genotype.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121668530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genus Enterococcus spp., a perspective from a focus on health to its biotechnological application","authors":"A. Cortés-Sánchez, Lidia R Barrón-Sosa","doi":"10.14196/sjbs.v6i1.2372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjbs.v6i1.2372","url":null,"abstract":"The enterococci are a bacteria group that can be found in several environments, such as water, plants, animals and gastrointestinal tract in humans and animals. These microorganisms have entered into the spotlight for aspects related to health like: a bigger incidence in hospitable and community diseases, as the main causal agent; a phenomenon of resistance, in isolated food strains and clinical cases, to different antimicrobials, including those used on a regular basis in clinical therapies, and a spreading and transference capacity to other microorganisms. However, this group has also contributed to the well-being of human health, since it has been used around the globe as a biological indicator of water and food quality in order to both protect and look the health out against transmission risks of several pathogen agents; and finally, some species of this genre have been reported as factors involved in the production and preservation of foods, starting in the synthesis of several chemical compounds, favoring the consumer’s health. Due to the aforementioned, this present document is focused on showing a general vision of the genre Enterococcus spp . and its duality in human health; i.e. its harmful side, as a causal agent of diseases; and its beneficial side, in the control and sanitary surveillance in water and foods to protect the human health against biological risks, and its contribution to the development, foods preservation and effects on the consumer’s health.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126173907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of high energy diets and fattening regimes on performance, carcass characteristics and fat production of Yankasa rams for use as alternative thermal storage medium","authors":"N. Muhammad, Mahmoud Muhammad Garba, Ibrahim Muhammad Danmallam, Ismail Isah Rikoto, B. U. Bagudo","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v6i9.2433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v6i9.2433","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted to evaluate high energy diets and fattening regimes on performance, fat production and carcass characteristics of Yankasa rams. Fifteen intact Yankasa rams with an average live weight of 42Kg and condition score three (3) were randomly allocated into three treatments in a completely randomized experimental design (CRD) replicated five times. The animals were divided into three treatment groups according to the length of the fattening period. The treatments were designated as teatments 1, 2 and 3 respectively for three, two and one month fattening period. Results indicated significant diffrence (P 0.05) in feed intake, water intake, average daly gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing weight, dressing %, subcutaneous, abdominal and total fat production. It was concluded that fattening regime has no significant effect on the performance of Yankasa rams fed high energy diets.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"293 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124210509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation of an intraoral approach for mandibular alveolar nerve block in cattle: Cadaveric study","authors":"M. Nazih, M. El-Sherif","doi":"10.14196/SJBS.V6I9.2494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/SJBS.V6I9.2494","url":null,"abstract":"The mandibular alveolar nerve at the point of entry at the mandibular foremen was anatomically determined in bovine in order to distinguish the capability to reach the nerve via the oral cavity. The mandibular nerve provided sensation to the check teeth, tongue and mandible. Desensitization of the mandibular alveolar nerve enables surgeons to perform effectively and safely in these structures. Extra and intraoral approaches of the mandibular alveolar nerve block are well recognized in human and horses. An intraoral approach to the mandibular alveolar nerve in bovine was presented in the present study based on the anatomical findings. It is hypothesized that the approach was reliable, applicable and safer than the extraoral method.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125232835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, morphostructural and haematological performances of West African Dwarf male sheep fed garlic powder additive diets","authors":"M. Adegun, O. Alamuoye, P. Aye","doi":"10.14196/sjas.v6i7.2413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14196/sjas.v6i7.2413","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was carried out to investigate the additive effect of garlic powder on growth, morphostructural and haematology of West African Dwarf (WAD) rams fed Panicum maximum basal diet supplemented with concentrate. Forty Yearling WAD rams with average initial live weight of 12.41kg were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments of garlic powder additive (GPA) at 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% (0 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, 4000 mg/ kg, 6000mg/kg and 8000mg/kg respectively) of the supplements for 12 weeks. Results revealed that inclusion of 4000 mg/kg garlic powder additive in experimental diets showed better weight gain and feed conversion ratio for WAD rams than the control (0% GPA) and the other treatments (P<0.05). The morphometric measurements gains correlate with the pattern of body weight gain reported in the treatment groups. Haematological findings showed better packed cell volume in animals fed GPA compared with the control (P<0.05) . However, all investigated haematological parameters had values within normal limits for healthy sheep. Addition of garlic powder to sheep diet improved body weight gain up to 4000mg/kg of supplemental diet while also enhancing the health status of the animals.","PeriodicalId":210831,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Journal of Animal Science","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131033128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}