Regional Studies in Marine Science最新文献

{"title":"Mapping vegetation change and cyclonic effects along the coastal regions of Bangladesh: A spatio-temporal perspective","authors":"Jumana Akhter,&nbsp;G. M. Jahid Hasan","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Being a climate-vulnerable deltaic country, Bangladesh faces substantial threats to its coastal vegetation due to frequent cyclones. Hence, monitoring the changes in vegetation greenness is essential to understand the vulnerabilities and resilience of this region’s ecosystem. Therefore, this study assesses the long-term trends and changes in vegetation greenness across the western, central and eastern coastal zones of Bangladesh from 1990 to 2023, using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Then it inspects the immediate impacts of cyclones- Bulbul and Amphan on vegetation areas and density by comparing pre- and post-cyclone NDVI values to evaluate vegetation resilience. Landsat derived NDVI from Google Earth Engine were used for temporal trend analysis utilizing Mann-Kendall trend and Sen’s Slope tests, focusing on the dry period. Then, for detecting the spatial variation, the study reclassified the NDVI values in no, slight, medium and high-density vegetation classes. Results indicate a significant upward trend in NDVI for the study period, particularly in areas with moderate (0.3–0.6) and high (0.6–1.0) vegetation density. Post-cyclonic evaluation following both cyclones, reveals significant reduction in high-density vegetation along with a compensatory increase in low density vegetation classes. The average NDVI values in the region fell by 13 % and 31 % immediately after cyclone Bulbul and Amphan respectively. The results also imply similar changes immediately after both cyclones for the Sundarbans which often is regarded as the first line of defense against tropical cyclones in Bangladesh. This study combines long-term analysis and cyclonic event-based assessments to provide critical insights into the coastal vegetation dynamics in Bangladesh where the long-term greening trend suggests possible land use changes and expanded agricultural activities. And the immediate loss of greenery after cyclones coupled with the gradual recovery within a few fortnights, showcases both the devastating impacts of cyclones on coastal vegetation and the resilience of these ecosystems to recover.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task allocation considering shipping safety: Workload resilient interval for inland passenger ship seafarers’ optimal safety performance in real navigation","authors":"Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Ma ,&nbsp;Liu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maritime operations present unique challenges where excessive seafarer workload can directly impact ship navigation safety. While much of the existing research on seafarers’ workload in dynamic human-machine systems relies on simulation experiments, there is a lack of studies conducted in real maritime environments. Furthermore, research on optimal task allocation with practical applications remains limited. To address these issues, this study investigates the workload values and resilience intervals necessary for optimal safety performance among inland passenger ship seafarers. In order to flexibly distribute seafarers’ workload and prevent ship accidents caused by human factors, this study is devoted to exploring the workload value and resilience interval of seafarers’ optimal safety performance. A real navigation experiment was conducted, during which physical and psychological data from seafarers were collected using an eye movement tracker and the Subjective Workload Assessment Technique (SWAT) scale. A univariate polynomial fitting method was proposed to establish the correlation model between workload and safety performance, as well as between workload and distraction index. The results show that the influence of inland passenger ship seafarer workload on safety performance is inverted U-shaped. When the task difficulty increases, the function will move towards higher workload and the curve inflection point will decrease. The results offer guiding significance and popularization value for the monitoring of seafarers’ health condition and the safety guarantee of ship navigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the resolution of fishing dynamics in Taiwan’s mixed-trawl fisheries: Investigating gear type operation patterns through vessel tracks","authors":"Yi-Jou Lee ,&nbsp;William Wei-Yuan Hsu ,&nbsp;Hung-Tai Lee ,&nbsp;Cheng-Hsin Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vessel tracking systems, such as voyage data recorders (VDRs), facilitate the spatial and temporal analysis of fishing behaviors. In multi-gear fisheries, diverse operational characteristics influence the accuracy of speed-based classification of fishing activities. Our approach adjusts fishing speed criteria according to vessel tonnage and gear type, addressing the operational differences among bottom and mid-water trawls. To enhance information on fishing effort and investigate the distribution of fishery resources in Taiwan’s mixed-trawl fisheries, we conducted stratified random sampling from 2010 to 2020, covering various vessel sizes and gear types. Manually labeled VDR data were used to establish speed criteria tailored to these factors, achieving overall accuracy and true skill statistic values of 0.91 and 0.80, respectively. This approach notably reduces misclassification of activities for mid-water trawls. Additionally, Pearson correlation analysis demonstrates a strong positive relationship between fishing effort and catch, supporting more precise spatial allocation of landings. These findings offer valuable insights for improving fishery management, providing a robust framework for resource allocation and enhancing our understanding of the operational differences in multi-gear fisheries. Finally, this research lays a foundation for future studies aimed at refining classification methods for fishing activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring fish populations using stereo-DOV-based surveys and open-access tools in the Gulf of California","authors":"Alberto García-Baciero ,&nbsp;José Manuel Borges-Souza ,&nbsp;José Ricardo Palomares-García ,&nbsp;Rubén Rodríguez-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Uriel Rubio-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Héctor Villalobos","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring fish populations is essential to assess spatial and temporal changes, particularly in an era in which some species are experiencing a rapid decline. Among the great diversity of methodologies for this purpose, stereo-video systems have grown in popularity in the past few decades. However, despite their advantages for surveying fishes, funding for research and monitoring of marine systems is limited. In this context, we aimed to estimate fish relative abundance, species richness, and length-frequency distribution in a Marine Protected Area (MPA) integrating open-source software tools. We recorded fish species using a diver-operated stereo-video system (stereo-DOV) comprised of a pair of GoPro cameras. We conducted five surveys in El Bajo Espiritu Santo seamount (EBES; Gulf of California, Mexico) between September 2021 and October 2022. We registered 90,039 individuals belonging to 26 species, from which 942 fish individuals from 13 species were measured. Species richness remained about the same during the five surveys, whereas fish relative abundance was lower in March 2022. Species composition shifted throughout the year, with 11–13 species found through the year, and the rest found seasonally. The methods presented here offer a low-budget option for institutions to conduct fish monitoring programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decline in glass eel catch and by-catch and changes in species composition in the River Minho estuary compared to 40 years ago","authors":"Nuno Gomes ,&nbsp;Isabel Sousa-Pinto ,&nbsp;Carlos Antunes","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The glass eel fishing by-catch in the Minho River was evaluated by assessing its composition during the 2021–2022 fishing season and comparing results with the first data collected during the 1981-1982 season. Results showed that by-catch composition was mainly dominated by fish and crustaceans. Large reductions in glass eel and by-catch yields were observed, with decreases in both fish and invertebrate yields. The largest reductions were recorded for <em>Anguilla anguilla</em> (yellow eel), <em>Atherina boyeri</em>, <em>Saduriella losadai</em> and <em>Palaemon longirostris</em>. On the other hand, a few species showed an increase in both number of catches and yield, such as <em>Crangon crangon</em> and <em>Gammarus</em> spp. Decreases in glass eel and by-catch yields were less pronounced upstream. By-catch is mainly composed of estuarine species, with higher catches of marine species downstream. Most of the marine invertebrate species caught were correlated with the presence of marine red, green and brown algae. Small fish and juveniles of larger species were most commonly caught, with the most common species being <em>Atherina boyeri</em>, <em>Pomatoschistus microps</em>, <em>Syngnathus abaster</em> and <em>Ammodytes tobianus</em>. Similarly, invertebrate species such as <em>Crangon crangon</em>, <em>Eurydice pulchra</em>, <em>Lekanesphaera rugicauda</em> and <em>Gastrosaccus spinifer</em> were also important in the composition of the by-catch. High levels of marine fish stragglers and marine invertebrates associated with marine algae were also observed, in contrast to data collected in the 1980s, suggesting a possible shift in the composition of the lower estuarine fauna over the past 40 years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103925"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and ranking of oil pollution by developing a preventive management and emergency response model against pollution: A case study of a mega port on the northern coast of the Persian Gulf","authors":"Sedigheh Hejri ,&nbsp;Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh ,&nbsp;Sima Sabzalipour ,&nbsp;Forouzan Farrokhian ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Davami","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil pollution remains a critical environmental challenge in maritime transportation, significantly impacting marine ecosystems and coastal communities. This study investigates oil pollution incidents at the loading and unloading docks of Imam Khomeini Port and aims to develop a comprehensive prevention and emergency response management model. We conducted a thorough evaluation of environmental components, specifically Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs), and utilized the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to identify and prioritize risks. Key findings revealed four emergency pollution scenarios, highlighting critical areas that require immediate intervention. Our analysis underscored essential agenda items for effective emergency response planning, scoring 4.4 for environmental resource conservation and 4.35 for pre-incident responsibility assignment. Furthermore, a McKinsey Gap Analysis identified seven strategic priorities for the emergency response plan, indicating substantial weaknesses in the strategy (1.65) and skills (1.75) dimensions, demonstrating inadequate crisis preparedness. These results emphasize the urgent need for a robust emergency response model tailored to mitigate oil pollution risks. By addressing identified gaps, this study provides a strategic framework for enhancing environmental management practices at the port, fostering more sustainable operations in the Persian Gulf region. Ultimately, our findings advocate for collaborative efforts among stakeholders, including national and international organizations, to implement rigorous environmental policies and effective monitoring systems to safeguard marine environments against oil pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bycatch and discards of scorpaenoid and dactylopterid fishes from deep-sea shrimp trawlers operating in the southeastern Arabian Sea: Diversity, trophic levels, ecological guilds and towards management priorities","authors":"Davood Nihal ,&nbsp;K.V. Aneesh Kumar ,&nbsp;G.B. Sreekanth ,&nbsp;Aiswarya Gopal ,&nbsp;M.P. Rajeeshkumar ,&nbsp;Hashim Manjebrayakath","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shrimp trawl fishery has raised significant concerns both regionally and globally due to high levels of bycatch and its substantial contribution to the total global discards. This study aimed to investigate the temporal patterns, species diversity, trophic levels, and feeding guilds of scorpaenoid and dactylopterid fish caught as bycatch from trawlers targeting deep-sea shrimp off Kollam in the southeastern Arabian Sea. A total of 31 species of both scorpaenoids and dactylopterids were collected fortnightly from Sakthikulangara Harbour, Kollam, India, between January and December 2022. The results revealed that the bycatch included 27 species from the suborder Scorpaenoidei, spanning 8 families, and 4 species from the order Dactylopteriformes, all belonging to a single family Dactylopteridae. Biodiversity indices indicated the highest species diversity (H’ = 4.18) in November 2022, the species richness index (d = 3.243) peaked in February 2022, and the dominance index (lambda' = 0.3248) was highest in August 2022. Majority of the species belongs to top-level predators (83.3 %), followed by carnivores (16.7 %), respectively. The feeding guild analysis indicated that 35.5 % are high-level carnivore followed by invertebrate feeding, crustacean feeding, midlevel carnivores, carnivores, piscivore feeding and zoobenthic feeding (19.4, 12.9, 12.9, 9.7, 6.5 and 3.2 %), respectively. Fishes caught as bycatch belongs to ‘least concern’ (67.7 %), not evaluated (25.8 %) and data deficient (6.5 %) as per the IUCN conservation status. Survey conducted across various stakeholders associated with the trawl fishery indicated significant differences in priorities warrant participatory approach to minimize conflicts among various stakeholders. Present study provides valuable insight and benchmark information on various aspects on the deep-sea shrimp fishery in the southeastern Arabian Sea for the sustainable exploitation and effective management of these vulnerable fishery resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruitment and growth of the gooseneck barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes (Gmelin, 1791) in the Cantabrian Coast (Northern Spain, Gulf of Biscay)","authors":"Gorka Bidegain ,&nbsp;María Belén Gutiérrez-Cobo ,&nbsp;Xabier Guinda ,&nbsp;Ana Silió ,&nbsp;Araceli Puente ,&nbsp;José Antonio Juanes","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recruitment and growth of the gooseneck barnacle <em>Pollicipes pollicipes</em> (Gmelin, 1791) are essential life history parameters needed for the monitoring and assessment of the fishery performance and establishment of sustainable management practices. Here, intra-annual variability in recruitment and growth of the gooseneck barnacle <em>P. pollicipes</em> was first investigated in the Cantabria region (N Spain, Gulf of Biscay). The recruitment index IR1 as the number cyprids with rostro carina length (RC)<span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span>1 mm was estimated at two different intertidal levels and along the stalk of adult barnacles. The relationship of recruitment with sea surface temperature (SST) associated to breeding and with significant wave height was explored. For growth, RC length of juveniles, pre-adults and adults was measured in aggregated individuals. Recruitment was weak, showing a peak in autumn at the low tidal zone. Its relationship with SST was unclear, possibly due to the low intensity of the recruitment pattern, and no correlation was found with wave height. The great majority of recruits attached to the lower part of the adult stalk. The mean growth rate was significantly higher for juveniles (0.72 mm month⁻¹) compared to adults (0.36 mm month⁻¹), with peak growth occurring in spring. Based on these findings, regional shellfishery management guidelines are proposed, and future research directions are outlined, considering the limitations of this study in terms of spatial replicability</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the surface spatial distribution and variability of the San Matías Meridional Front from a geostationary satellite perspective","authors":"Matias De Oto Proschle ,&nbsp;Sofía Muñoz ,&nbsp;Violeta Valdeomillos ,&nbsp;Juan Pablo Pisoni","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the use of Clear Sky Mask (CSKY) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) products derived from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) sensor onboard the GOES-16 geostationary satellite, focusing on the North Patagonian Gulfs on the Patagonian Shelf, Argentina. The CSKY mask is useful to identify both cloud cover and unreliable SST data, applicable to both the ABI sensor and the VIIRS sensor on the SNPP polar satellite. A three-year analysis of cloud cover revealed extended periods of continuous clear conditions (&gt; 24 h) in the region. During these intervals, SST data from the ABI sensor were validated against those from the VIIRS sensor, showing a spatially coherent structure with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.99, albeit with a mean offset of 0.81°C. For the first time, the semidiurnal cycle of the Meridional Front is presented over the mouth of the San Matías Gulf during the warm season. Our findings indicate that this front, referred to as the western front, frequently exhibits semidiurnal displacements that significantly exceed the seasonal and fortnightly variability reported in previous studies. Additionally, towards late summer and into autumn, the presence of an eastern front with similar behavior was observed, resulting in a bi-frontal structure. The separation between these fronts increases towards the end of summer and autumn. Consequently, the ABI GOES-16 offers new opportunities to study the high-frequency variability of fine-scale phenomena in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"81 ","pages":"Article 103920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coral-killing and competitive sponges in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia","authors":"Dwi Haryanti ,&nbsp;Alifalah T. Cahyadi ,&nbsp;Fitri F.N. Al Haliim ,&nbsp;Hafidza Mahira ,&nbsp;Erin Karissa ,&nbsp;Anindya Wirasatriya ,&nbsp;Pariama Hutasoit ,&nbsp;Diah P. Wijayanti ,&nbsp;Munasik Munasik ,&nbsp;Maria V. Baria-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Ardiansyah D. Puryajati","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rsma.2024.103921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coral-killing sponge (CKS) is one of the threats faced by coral reefs. Studies have shown increases in the population of CKS and other competitive sponges across the Indo-Pacific region in recent years. CKS has been observed to negatively impact coral populations, leading to a decrease in coral cover and productivity. Additionally, competitive sponges limit substrate availability for corals. In Bali, data on the distribution and abundance of CKS and competitive sponges is lacking. Studies on the identification and distribution patterns of these sponges are important as an initial step in preventing outbreaks and managing coral reefs sustainably. This study aims to identify the types, distribution, and abundance of CKS and competitive sponges at Samuh Beach, Nusa Dua, Bali. Data collection was carried out using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method on six transects along 50 m at two different depths, i.e. shallow (5 and 7 m); and deep (10 and 12 m). The observed sponges in contact with corals were photographed and sponge samples were kept in DNA shield for molecular analysis using CO1 or 28S gene, and in 70 % ethanol for spicule observation. The UPT data were processed using the Coral Point Count with Excel extension (CPCE) software and followed by calculating the number of coral colonies interacting with CKS and competitive sponges. This study identified two types of CKS—<em>Mycale</em> sp. and <em>Neopetrosia</em> sp.— as well as one competitive encrusting sponge, <em>Lamellodysidea herbacea</em>. Interactions were predominantly observed with corals from the genera <em>Porites</em>, <em>Pocillopora</em>, and <em>Favites</em> across all Sub-sites. Generally, we found higher number of individuals per m² of <em>Mycale</em> sp. at shallow depths, while <em>L. herbacea</em> at deeper ones. Research on the biological aspects of these sponges i.e. phototrophic symbiont and allelochemicals is crucial, and recommendation for sponge monitoring, would be important for further management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21070,"journal":{"name":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","volume":"80 ","pages":"Article 103921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}