Radiation Measurements最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of the pile-up and summation effects on the calibration curves of boron concentration measurement in PGNAA","authors":"M.H. Choopan Dastjerdi ,&nbsp;M. Jafari ,&nbsp;J. Mokhtari ,&nbsp;H. Jafari","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the previous research, the self-shielding effect in boron concentration measurement using PGNAA method was corrected by an internal standard material. After correction of the self-shielding, the calibration curve still has some curvature that was not seen in the calibration curve related to simulations spectra. The basic difference between the simulations and experiments was that the actual detection process in an HPGe detector and its related electronics were not simulated. The reason of this difference is the pile-up and summation effects on the spectra during the experiments. In this study, the pile-up and summation effects have been investigated at the different peaks of the spectra. Two methods have been proposed to correct these effects. In the first method, a suitable peak from the spectrum of the internal standard material has been selected and the self-shielding effect has been corrected and in the second method, the mass of the standard samples and the spectrometry time have been reduced and increased, respectively. The results of these methods have been evaluated by different experiments. Results shows that in the correction of the self-shielding effect, the 788 keV + 786 keV peak of chlorine has the best performance. Among the calibration curves plotted with different chlorine peaks, the curve plotted using 788 keV + 786 keV peak had the best linearity. The R-square of this curve was 0.99891. Also, it was found that reducing the mass of the standard samples used to obtain the calibration curve, reduces the nonlinearity caused by the pile-up and summation effects on the calibration curve. By reducing the volume of standard samples used to obtain the calibration curve from 10 ml to 4 ml, the R-squared of the calibration curve obtained in the first method increased from 0.99891 to 0.99904.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation damage of the W2 plastic scintillator under ultra-high dose rate FLASH electron beam","authors":"Daline Tho ,&nbsp;Kevin Liu ,&nbsp;Shannon Holmes ,&nbsp;Emil Schüler ,&nbsp;Sam Beddar","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This project aimed to detail the response of the Standard Imaging Exradin-W2 plastic scintillator detector (PSD) as a function of accumulated dose under ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) electron beams.</div></div><div><h3>Approach</h3><div>This experiment was performed with 9 PSDs and 3 clear optical guide fibers to distinguish between the radiation damage response of the optical guide and the response of the scintillator. The PSDs and the transmitting optical fibers were exposed to a 9 MeV electron beam using a Mobetron electron linear accelerator (IntraOp) at a dose per pulse (DPP) of 3 and 8 Gy, reaching a total cumulative dose of 12 kGy. The PSD's response to both conventional dose rate (CDR) and UHDR irradiation was measured in triplicate prior to any radiation exposure. Conventional and UHDR irradiations were repeated at various increasing doses to assess changes in the sensitivity of the detector. The high dose irradiations were always performed under UHDR. After 2 months with no radiation exposure, the detectors and fibers underwent irradiation regimens identical to the initial ones to quantify their recovery.</div></div><div><h3>Main results</h3><div>The Exradin-W2 PSD blue channel exhibited an average sensitivity loss of (2.0 ± 0.2) %/kGy under UHDR and similar loss was found for CDR. The optical fiber showed a mean response decrease of (1.2 ± 0.1) %/kGy for UHDR. When irradiating the optical fiber of three W2s, the average sensitivity loss in the blue signal was (6.4 ± 0.2) %/kGy for CDR and (6.3 ± 0.2) %/kGy for UHDR. Mean response recovery of 10 ± 3 % was observed for detectors exposed to conventional beams and (18 ± 4) % for UHDR for the blue channel. Overall, the W2 PSD's response (blue and green channels) remained within 3 % of the initial baseline measurement when the cumulative dose was under 2 kGy.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Our results indicate that the W2 PSD exhibited greater sensitivity loss under UHDR than conventional beams found in prior studies. The results suggest that varying DPP does not change the sensitivity loss of the W2. We noted a decrease of the blue channel relative to the green channel in the optical fiber response, which adds to the overall radiation damage to the PSD. Therefore, users should track cumulative dose and recalibrate after each 2 kGy of exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of beta-irradiation dose and stimulation temperature on luminescence optically stimulated from rose quartz using linear-modulation","authors":"K.A. Opoku ,&nbsp;N.M. Trindade ,&nbsp;M.L. Chithambo","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present linearly modulated optically stimulated luminescence (LM-OSL) of rose quartz. The luminescence was stimulated using 470 nm blue light. The time-dependent plot of the luminescence intensity shows two distinct peaks. Analysis of this LM-OSL curve by deconvolution shows that it consists of at least five components. A number of factors related to these components have been considered. In particular, the effect of beta dose on kinetic parameters such as the optical stimulation probability and the photoionisation cross-section are reported. The thermoluminescence (TL) glow curve measured at 1 °C/s after irradiation to 10 Gy shows a high intensity peak at 76 °C and weaker-intensity ones at 118, 192, 300 and 412 °C. The primary peak at 76 °C is affected by thermal quenching. The value of the activation energy for thermal quenching as evaluated using LM-OSL and TL are consistent suggesting a common recombination center for the LM-OSL and TL of the primary peak.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144672191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated radiation damage created along un-etchable tracks in PADC consists of two hydroxyl groups","authors":"Tomoya Yamauchi ,&nbsp;Reo Yamada ,&nbsp;Atsushi Kimoto ,&nbsp;Hayato Seiichi ,&nbsp;Shunto Sadamitsu ,&nbsp;Daisuke Kohinata ,&nbsp;Masato Kanasaki ,&nbsp;Ichiro Sasaki ,&nbsp;Shigeki Watanabe ,&nbsp;Noriko S. Ishioka ,&nbsp;Nobumasa Miyawaki","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of the present work is to clarify the damage structure along un-etchable tracks in PADC, by determining the damage density of ether as well as the formation density of hydroxyl group along them. Both the damage density and the formation density have been evaluated by means of FT-IR spectrometry on PADC films before and after the exposures to 30 MeV and 65 MeV proton beams with various fluence. The ratio of the damage density of ether to the formation density of hydroxyl group was about 1:2, which was almost identical to those for protons and He ions with energies of below 6 MeV/u. Futhermore, the ratio was hardly changed even in the case of in vacuum irradiation, where the formation density of hydroxyl group was suppressed. It can be assumed that damage consisting of two isolated hydroxyl groups within a single repeating unit of PADC is hardly to alter its etching properties. The stable and high density formation of such specific damage would enable the development of more sensitive detectors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107491"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First study of X-ray radiation in 45 MW klystrons via Monte Carlo simulations and in situ measurements","authors":"Xirui Zhou ,&nbsp;Yao Yang ,&nbsp;Kuangkuang Ye ,&nbsp;Lei Yang ,&nbsp;Junqiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xue Yang ,&nbsp;Hanshang Lin ,&nbsp;Zhongquan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-power klystrons are essential for generating microwave signals that accelerate charged particles. However, their operation at such high-power levels, typically the average power ranging from several kilowatts to megawatts, raises concerns regarding unintended X-rays production. This investigation focuses on characterizing the X-ray spectrum and dose equivalent rate generated during high-power test conditions before official operation. Using Monte Carlo simulations, the generation and penetration of X-rays are analyzed. Through detection systems, we analyzed the dose rate distributions of X-rays at various locations of the klystron. The energy of X-rays is obtained by shielding attenuation method. The results indicate that significant X-rays production occurs primarily due to the Bremsstrahlung process, which is associated with high-energy electron impacts on the klystron components. The findings reveal that, while the dose rates remain within regulatory safety limits, radiation monitoring and enhanced local shielding are suggested for ensuring the safety of personnel when working close to the klystron.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing quartz luminescence sensitivity protocols for fine-grained sediments in marine sediment cores","authors":"Priscila E. Souza ,&nbsp;André O. Sawakuchi ,&nbsp;Dayane B. Melo ,&nbsp;Fernanda C.G. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Cristiano M. Chiessi ,&nbsp;Stefan Mulitza ,&nbsp;Vinícius R. Mendes","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Applications of quartz luminescence beyond sediment dating are expanding rapidly. A growing number of studies have successfully applied quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) sensitivities in sediment provenance investigations and palaeoclimate reconstructions based on marine sediment cores, which are usually composed of fine-grained sediments (silt and clay), demanding measurements on polymineral samples. However, the procedures during sample preparation and the luminescence measurement conditions for determining the quartz OSL and TL sensitivities of fine-grained polymineral samples have not yet been extensively assessed. Here, we present the results of five different tests designed to determine whether the current procedures employed when preparing the samples and measuring their quartz luminescence sensitivities could be improved and/or simplified. The tests include assessing the dependency of quartz OSL and TL sensitivities on: (1) luminescence measurement conditions (i.e., with and without preheat, with light stimulation at room temperature and at 125 °C, based on natural and laboratory dose); (2) aliquot mass; (3) number of aliquots per sample; (4) grain size selection; and (5) feldspar content. Tests were performed on polymineral fine sediments from two marine cores, GeoB16206–1 and M78/1-235-1, recovered from the western equatorial Atlantic, close to the mouth of the Parnaíba and Orinoco rivers, respectively. In general, our results show that the procedures when preparing polymineral aliquots for quartz OSL or TL sensitivity measurements can be easily optimized on a case-by-case basis, saving time and resources. Our key result is that quartz OSL sensitivity obtained using natural signals and measured without thermal treatments (Test 1) are very similar to the results obtained using regenerative doses and preheating. This opens the possibility of reducing the OSL measurement time by 70 % and of scanning marine sediment cores with portable luminescence readers without the use of radiation sources for signal regeneration. Tests 2 and 3 show that both OSL and TL sensitivity results given by more than six aliquots or by aliquots made of 0.4 mg to 5 mg are indistinguishable. Waiting longer settling times to subsample finer fractions before mounting the aliquots (Test 4) is helpful to reduce feldspar, but it may also reduce the quartz significantly, limiting the %BOSL_1s analysis. Finally, including an etching step to reduce feldspar (Test 5) is a helpful procedure to improve the TL and OSL sensitivity analysis, but not necessarily feasible for routine application with hundreds of samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107490"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of experimental parameters influence on radon concentration in systems with air-water contact","authors":"A. Noverques,&nbsp;B. Juste,&nbsp;M. Sancho,&nbsp;G. Verdú","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas, considered the first lung cancer cause in non-smokers. The significant environmental and health implications are often studied in systems where water and air phases interact. Accurate modeling of radon behavior is critical in laboratory research context. However, deviation in experimental setups can increase uncertainties in radon knowledge.</div><div>This study investigates the influence of key experimental parameters on radon concentration in systems with air-water contact. Specifically, the study evaluates the impact of water sampling points, the sampling method and the total water volume within the setup.</div><div>The experimental results demonstrate there are no significant variations in the behavior of radon gas diffusion as similar concentration values and accumulation trends are observed regardless of the experimental setup. This research confirms that changes in these experimental conditions do not compromise radon transport coefficients and models obtained in previous work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method of deriving the response curve of an ionisation chamber from experimental values of its air kerma calibration coefficients measured in standardised X-ray beams","authors":"Libor Judas,&nbsp;Dana Kurková","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air-equivalent ionisation chambers are the reference instruments for measuring air kerma in dosimetry calibration laboratories. The energy dependence of the response of a given ionisation chamber is usually characterised by a discrete set of values of its air kerma calibration coefficients, <em>N</em>_<em>K,a</em>, measured in standardised photon beams. For photon energies below 300 keV, the most commonly used standardised calibration beams are the X-ray beams, i.e. beams with continuous spectra.</div><div>The energy dependence of a given ionisation chamber could alternatively be characterised by the response function <em>f</em>_<em>IK</em><em>(E)</em> which describes the dependence of the magnitude of the electrical response of the chamber on the photon energy, <em>E</em>, at a constant air kerma rate. In practice, this method of characterising the energy dependence of the ionisation chamber response is rarely used because monoenergetic calibration photon beams covering the above mentioned energy range are not routinely available and it is therefore difficult to measure the response function <em>f</em>_<em>IK</em><em>(E)</em> experimentally.</div><div>In this work, we show that:</div><div>a) the response function <em>f</em>_<em>IK</em><em>(E)</em> of a given ionisation chamber can be derived from the values of its air kerma calibration coefficients, <em>N</em>_<em>K,a</em>, measured in standardised X-ray calibration beams;</div><div>b) the proposed method can reveal possible internal inconsistencies in the set of air kerma calibration coefficients, <em>N</em>_<em>K,a</em>, of an ionisation chamber;</div><div>c) the response function <em>f</em>_<em>IK</em><em>(E)</em> of a given ionisation chamber derived from a set of its <em>N</em>_<em>K,a</em> values can be used to predict the <em>N</em>_<em>K,a</em> values of the chamber for other X-ray beams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Light emission from uniformly irradiated rectangular cuboid scintillators","authors":"Benoit Lefebvre ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Sostero ,&nbsp;Roberto Versaci ,&nbsp;Veronika Olšovcová","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Scintillator arrays are widely used in radiation detection, but imaging these arrays with a camera can introduce point-of-view (POV) effects. To better understand these effects, we present a model for light transport within scintillators shaped like a rectangular cuboid. Analytical expressions for the light projection are derived, and the impact of surface roughness is investigated using Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, benchmark measurements using bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillators validate the model’s predictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107485"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of beta-emitting radioactive hotspots inside the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Unit 3 reactor building using an optical fiber radiation sensor based on wavelength-resolving analysis","authors":"Yuta Terasaka ,&nbsp;Yuki Sato ,&nbsp;Yuta Ichiba","doi":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We measured the distribution of beta-ray emitters inside the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Unit 3 reactor building using a novel optical fiber-based position-sensitive radiation sensor designed for operation in high dose rate environments. Plastic scintillation fibers (PSFs) were installed inside the Unit 3 reactor building, where scintillation light generated through interactions between radiation and the PSFs was detected by a spectrometer to obtain the wavelength spectrum. By applying an unfolding method to the wavelength spectrum, we estimated the distribution of beta ray emitters along the PSFs. To isolate the beta ray contribution in a high gamma dose rate field, we compared measurements taken with and without a stainless steel tube serving as a beta ray shield. As a result, we identified a hotspot predominantly influenced by beta rays for the first time in the high dose rate area on the southern side of the first floor of the Unit 3 reactor building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21055,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Measurements","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 107486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}